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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Meddy Escuriet; Mauricette Fournier; Théo Sanson;

    Cette contribution s’intéresse à l’impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les Établissements et Services d’Aide par le Travail (ESAT) français à partir d’entretiens conduits auprès de directeurs d’établissements situés dans le milieu rural et urbain de la Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (France). Afin de situer les ESAT dans leur contexte national, un premier temps est consacré à rappeler la genèse et le fonctionnement de ce dispositif, mis en place pour favoriser l’insertion sociale et professionnelle des travailleurs en situation de handicap, dont l’originalité réside dans l’articulation d’une logique médico-sociale à une logique économique. Nous cherchons ensuite à montrer comment les ESAT se sont organisés pour assurer l’accompagnement médico-social de leurs travailleurs malgré l’obligation de distanciation. Puis, analysé au prisme de l’ancrage territorial et de la notion de proximité qui lui est associée, nous nous intéressons à l’impact du confinement sur l’équilibre économique de ces établissements pour montrer que la crise sanitaire a moins affecté les établissements à vocation majoritairement agricole implantés en milieu rural que ceux, plus orientés vers la sous-traitance industrielle, localisés en milieu urbain. This contribution focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on French support and work assistance establishment (ESAT) based on interviews conducted with managers of institutions located in rural and urban areas of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (France). In order to situate the ESAT in their national context, a first section is devoted to recalling the genesis and functioning of this system, which was set up to promote the social and occupational integration of workers with disabilities, whose originality lies in the articulation of a medico-social logic with an economical logic. We then try to show how the ESAT have organized themselves to provide medico-social support for workers with disabilities despite the obligation of distancing. Then, analyzed through the prism of territorial anchoring and the concept of proximity associated with it, we will focus on the impact of confinement on the economic balance of these establishments to show that the health crisis has less affected the establishments in predominantly agricultural vocation established in rural areas than those, more oriented towards industrial subcontracting, located in urban areas.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Interventions Économ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    François Buton; Sébastien Michon;

    Daté 2020 mais paru en 2021; International audience; Cet article vise à revenir sur l'activité de Jean Rottner pendant la crise du coronavirus à partir d'une analyse détaillée de ses interventions durant cette période, qui font de lui un acteur bénéficiant d'une médiatisation importante sinon extraordinaire. Pour ce faire, l'article mobilise la notion de conjoncture critique. Il défend la thèse que c'est le gestionnaire hospitalier plus que le soignant qui agit de manière ajustée dans la crise, mais aussi l'élu local qui tente de consolider sa position. L'analyse se fonde sur un dépouillement de la presse nationale et régionale ainsi que sur d'autres sources complémentaires.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL-ENS-LYON; Hyper ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • Elisa Chelle;

    National audience; Cet article analyse les programmes santé des candidats aux élections présidentielles de 2022. Alors que les questions de politique sanitaire auraient dû prendre une place centrale avec la pandémie de Covid-19, leur traitement demeure mitigé. Déserts médicaux, brevets pharmaceutiques, accroissement des moyens de l’hôpital public, réforme des professions de santé… de nombreux sujets ont été soulevés durant cette campagne. Mais les candidats se sont heurtés à un double écueil : l’entrée tardive d’Emmanuel Macron en campagne et sa mise à distance de tout débat de premier tour. Résultat : ses concurrents peinent à se comparer au bilan comme au projet du président sortant en la matière. D’autant plus que l’agenda électoral a été balayé par l’irruption du conflit russo-ukrainien.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Fabien Bourlon;

    Avec la crise du coronavirus, les destinations lointaines de nature comme la Patagonie chilienne sont inquiètes d’un effondrement du tourisme. Les communautés locales, apeurées par les risques liés à l’accueil de visiteurs, se replient et se protègent. Les entrepreneurs espèrent un rapide retour à la « normalité » d’une zone relativement épargnée par la COVID-19, mais craignent la fin du boom touristique, car prendre l’avion restera anxiogène dans un contexte de pandémie. Ces destinations devraient recentrer leur offre afin de capter une clientèle de proximité, mais cela semble un défi peu rentable pour les zones isolées. Alors que les entrepreneurs affinent leur plan marketing et les services d’État leurs protocoles d’accueil sécurisés, les animateurs de projets touristiques écologiques, axés sur la conservation, le tourisme rural et les migrations d’agrément, font valoir leurs atouts. L’actuelle crise pourrait mettre fin au tourisme de masse, à l’hypermobilité vers des hauts lieux et aux projets basés sur la rentabilité. La crise socioenvironnementale globale est l’occasion de repenser les rapports à la nature et de renforcer les systèmes touristiques locaux, pensés comme des lieux de vie, basés sur des économies rurales respectueuses de l’environnement, les échanges culturels, scientifiques et traditionnels, attirants autant pour les clientèles nationales qu’étrangères. With the coronavirus crisis, remote nature destinations like Chilean Patagonia are worried of a possible collapse of tourism. Local communities, frightened by the risks of welcoming visitors, are withdrawing and protecting themselves. Entrepreneurs hope for a rapid return to “normality” in an area relatively untouched by COVID-19 but they fear the end of the tourism boom, as flying will remain an anxiety-provoking issue in a post-pandemic situation. These destinations have to refocus their offer in order to capture a national clientele, but this seems an unprofitable challenge for isolated areas. While entrepreneurs are refining their marketing plans and government services are establishing their secure reception protocols, leaders of ecological and conservation tourism projects along with rural tourism and leisure migration stakeholders are highlighting their assets. The current crisis could put an end to mass tourism, hypermobilities, projects based on high profitability and overtourism in iconic places. In that sense, the present global socioenvironmental crisis is an opportunity to rethink our relationship with nature and seek ways to strengthen local tourism systems, conceived as places to live and based on environmentally friendly rural economies, cultural, scientific, and traditional exchanges, attractive both to national and foreign visitors.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Téoros Revue de rech...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Alberto Alemanno;

    The European response to COVID-19 has revealed an inconvenient truth. Despite having integrated public health concerns across all its policies – be it agriculture, consumer protection, or security –, the Union cannot directly act to save people’s lives. Only member states can do so. Yet when they adopted unilateral measures to counter the spread of the virus, those proved not only ineffective but also disruptive on vital supply chains, by ultimately preventing the flow of essential goods and people across the Union. These fragmented efforts in tackling cross-border health threats have almost immediately prompted political calls for the urgent creation of a European Health Union. Yet this call raises more questions than answers. With the aim to offer a rigorous and timely blueprint to decision-makers and the public at large, this Special Issue of the European Journal of Risk Regulation contextualizes such a new political project within the broader constitutional and institutional framework of EU public health law and policy. By introducing the Special, this paper argues that unless the envisaged Health Union will tackle the root causes of what prevented the Union from effectively responding to COVID-19 – the divergent health capacity across the Union –, it might fall short of its declared objective of strengthening the EU’resilience for cross-border health threats.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ European Journal of ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2020
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  • Ando, Yuma; Mayer, Nonna; Michelat, Guy; Tiberj, Vincent; +1 Authors

    Réalisé seize mois après le précédent, au milieu de ladite «troisième vague» de la Covid-19, le Baromètre CNCDH en ligne de 2021 enregistre des niveaux très élevés d’hostilité envers les Roms comparés aux autres groupes. Toutefois, ces préjugés sont moins répandus que les années précédentes, illustrant l’effet conjoint des initiatives de lutte contre le racisme et d’une moindre stigmatisation médiatique et politique de ces derniers. En mars 2021, l’échantillon ayant répondu au questionnaire en ligne montre un plus grand degré de tolérance à l’égard des Roms et les principaux stéréotypes les concernant sont un peu moins répandus. Et pourtant, l’accent mis sur la lutte contre ces préjugés semble être moins important et moins urgent, même parmi les moins hostiles aux Roms. Cette année, le Baromètre de la CNCDH confirme également une dynamique cumulative, qui amène à petit pas des proportions légèrement plus élevées de citoyens vers une meilleure connaissance des Roms et une moindre adhésion aux stéréotypes qui les stigmatisent. Table des matières 1. Une grande variété de groupes et de conditions 2. Le stigmate du communautarisme : les Roms sont-ils un groupe à part? 3. Structuration de longue durée et changements récents des préjugés contre les Roms 4. Une mesure synthétique d’hostilité envers les groupes tsiganes 5. La stabilité des facteurs explicatifs des préjugés romaphobes 6. La mémoire du génocide comme enjeu commun et fédérateur 7. Références Conducted sixteen months after the previous one, in the middle of the so-called 'third wave' of the Covid-19, the 2021 CNCDH Online Barometer records very high levels of hostility towards Roma compared to other groups in France. However, these prejudices are less widespread than in previous years, illustrating the combined effect of anti-racism initiatives and less media and political stigmatisation of the Roma. In March 2021, the sample responding to the online questionnaire showed a greater degree of tolerance towards Roma, and the main stereotypes about them were somewhat less prevalent. Yet the emphasis on combating these prejudices appears to be less important and less urgent, even among those who are less hostile to Roma. This year's our research also confirms a cumulative dynamic, which is gradually leading slightly higher proportions of citizens towards a better knowledge of Roma and less adherence to the stereotypes that stigmatise them. Table of Contents1. A wide variety of groups and conditions 2. The stigma of communitarianism: are Roma a special group? 3. Long-term structuring and recent changes in prejudice against Roma 4. A summary measure of hostility towards Gypsy groups 5. The stability of explanatory factors for anti-Roma prejudice 6. The memory of genocide as a common and unifying issue 7. References

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Hantem, Aziz;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Christelle Baunez; Mickael Degoulet; Stéphane Luchini; Patrick A. Pintus; +1 Authors

    Even though much has been learned about the new pathogen SARS-CoV-2 since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a lot of uncertainty remains. In this paper we argue that what is important to know under uncertainty is whether harm accelerates and whether health policies achieve deceleration of harm. For this, we need to see cases in relation to diagnostic effort and not to look at indicators based on cases only, such as a number of widely used epidemiological indicators, including the reproduction number, do. To do so overlooks a crucial dimension, namely the fact that the best we can know about cases will depend on some welldefined strategy of diagnostic effort, such as testing in the case of COVID-19. We will present a newly developed indicator to observe harm, the acceleration index, which is essentially an elasticity of cases in relation to tests. We will discuss what efficiency of testing means and propose that the corresponding health policy goal should be to find ever fewer cases with an ever-greater diagnostic effort. Easy and low-threshold testing will also be a means to give back people’s sovereignty to lead their life in an “open” as opposed to “locked-down” society.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ SSRN Electronic Jour...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Hyper Article en Ligne; HAL AMU
    Other literature type . Preprint . 2021
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2021
    Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Maria, Tomas,; Diaz, Anna; Delgadillo, Estephania; Vermeulen, Walter,; +2 Authors

    International audience; Circular Economy (CE) is commonly proposed as a means to advance towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Design thinking (DT) has been identified as an innovative problemsolving approach, capable of addressing complex challenges, such as the CE, through multidisciplinary collaboration. Currently, the spaces for multi-stakeholder collaboration have been affected by Covid-19 restrictions, forcing organizations to develop online collaboration capabilities. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of the application of DT to generate CE-based solutions to address a sustainability challenge in an online setting. The assessment particularly addresses the extent to which a purposefully adapted DT process allows to conceptualize sustainability solutions, and, the user experiences in a digital collaboration environment. This research presents the findings obtained from an online DT workshop focused on proposing circular business models to improve the sustainability impacts of urban mobility in the city of Graz, Austria. The event involved 39 sustainability experts from academia, industry, public sector and NGOs, participating in five teams, each led by a workshop facilitator. Three specific activities have been elaborated to embed a focus on sustainability, which are combined with traditional DT exercises, and adapted to a digital environment. We report the outcomes of the online workshop and reflect on the adapted method strengths and weaknesses. DT is supported as a plausible method to conceptualize CE-based solutions, however, sustainability aspects need to be embedded throughout the problem-solving process.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • Lazarus, Jeanne; Serve, Stéphanie;

    National audience; La crise du Covid-19 a fragilisé un grand nombre d’entreprises. L’un des premiers dispositifs d’aide mis en place par L’État le 25 mars dernier, l’octroi des PGE (prêts garantis par l’État), est destiné à accorder des crédits bancaires pour faire face à l’insuffisance de trésorerie des entreprises et ainsi leur éviter la faillite.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Meddy Escuriet; Mauricette Fournier; Théo Sanson;

    Cette contribution s’intéresse à l’impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les Établissements et Services d’Aide par le Travail (ESAT) français à partir d’entretiens conduits auprès de directeurs d’établissements situés dans le milieu rural et urbain de la Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (France). Afin de situer les ESAT dans leur contexte national, un premier temps est consacré à rappeler la genèse et le fonctionnement de ce dispositif, mis en place pour favoriser l’insertion sociale et professionnelle des travailleurs en situation de handicap, dont l’originalité réside dans l’articulation d’une logique médico-sociale à une logique économique. Nous cherchons ensuite à montrer comment les ESAT se sont organisés pour assurer l’accompagnement médico-social de leurs travailleurs malgré l’obligation de distanciation. Puis, analysé au prisme de l’ancrage territorial et de la notion de proximité qui lui est associée, nous nous intéressons à l’impact du confinement sur l’équilibre économique de ces établissements pour montrer que la crise sanitaire a moins affecté les établissements à vocation majoritairement agricole implantés en milieu rural que ceux, plus orientés vers la sous-traitance industrielle, localisés en milieu urbain. This contribution focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on French support and work assistance establishment (ESAT) based on interviews conducted with managers of institutions located in rural and urban areas of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region (France). In order to situate the ESAT in their national context, a first section is devoted to recalling the genesis and functioning of this system, which was set up to promote the social and occupational integration of workers with disabilities, whose originality lies in the articulation of a medico-social logic with an economical logic. We then try to show how the ESAT have organized themselves to provide medico-social support for workers with disabilities despite the obligation of distancing. Then, analyzed through the prism of territorial anchoring and the concept of proximity associated with it, we will focus on the impact of confinement on the economic balance of these establishments to show that the health crisis has less affected the establishments in predominantly agricultural vocation established in rural areas than those, more oriented towards industrial subcontracting, located in urban areas.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Interventions Économ...arrow_drop_down
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    François Buton; Sébastien Michon;

    Daté 2020 mais paru en 2021; International audience; Cet article vise à revenir sur l'activité de Jean Rottner pendant la crise du coronavirus à partir d'une analyse détaillée de ses interventions durant cette période, qui font de lui un acteur bénéficiant d'une médiatisation importante sinon extraordinaire. Pour ce faire, l'article mobilise la notion de conjoncture critique. Il défend la thèse que c'est le gestionnaire hospitalier plus que le soignant qui agit de manière ajustée dans la crise, mais aussi l'élu local qui tente de consolider sa position. L'analyse se fonde sur un dépouillement de la presse nationale et régionale ainsi que sur d'autres sources complémentaires.

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  • Elisa Chelle;

    National audience; Cet article analyse les programmes santé des candidats aux élections présidentielles de 2022. Alors que les questions de politique sanitaire auraient dû prendre une place centrale avec la pandémie de Covid-19, leur traitement demeure mitigé. Déserts médicaux, brevets pharmaceutiques, accroissement des moyens de l’hôpital public, réforme des professions de santé… de nombreux sujets ont été soulevés durant cette campagne. Mais les candidats se sont heurtés à un double écueil : l’entrée tardive d’Emmanuel Macron en campagne et sa mise à distance de tout débat de premier tour. Résultat : ses concurrents peinent à se comparer au bilan comme au projet du président sortant en la matière. D’autant plus que l’agenda électoral a été balayé par l’irruption du conflit russo-ukrainien.

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    Fabien Bourlon;

    Avec la crise du coronavirus, les destinations lointaines de nature comme la Patagonie chilienne sont inquiètes d’un effondrement du tourisme. Les communautés locales, apeurées par les risques liés à l’accueil de visiteurs, se replient et se protègent. Les entrepreneurs espèrent un rapide retour à la « normalité » d’une zone relativement épargnée par la COVID-19, mais craignent la fin du boom touristique, car prendre l’avion restera anxiogène dans un contexte de pandémie. Ces destinations devraient recentrer leur offre afin de capter une clientèle de proximité, mais cela semble un défi peu rentable pour les zones isolées. Alors que les entrepreneurs affinent leur plan marketing et les services d’État leurs protocoles d’accueil sécurisés, les animateurs de projets touristiques écologiques, axés sur la conservation, le tourisme rural et les migrations d’agrément, font valoir leurs atouts. L’actuelle crise pourrait mettre fin au tourisme de masse, à l’hypermobilité vers des hauts lieux et aux projets basés sur la rentabilité. La crise socioenvironnementale globale est l’occasion de repenser les rapports à la nature et de renforcer les systèmes touristiques locaux, pensés comme des lieux de vie, basés sur des économies rurales respectueuses de l’environnement, les échanges culturels, scientifiques et traditionnels, attirants autant pour les clientèles nationales qu’étrangères. With the coronavirus crisis, remote nature destinations like Chilean Patagonia are worried of a possible collapse of tourism. Local communities, frightened by the risks of welcoming visitors, are withdrawing and protecting themselves. Entrepreneurs hope for a rapid return to “normality” in an area relatively untouched by COVID-19 but they fear the end of the tourism boom, as flying will remain an anxiety-provoking issue in a post-pandemic situation. These destinations have to refocus their offer in order to capture a national clientele, but this seems an unprofitable challenge for isolated areas. While entrepreneurs are refining their marketing plans and government services are establishing their secure reception protocols, leaders of ecological and conservation tourism projects along with rural tourism and leisure migration stakeholders are highlighting their assets. The current crisis could put an end to mass tourism, hypermobilities, projects based on high profitability and overtourism in iconic places. In that sense, the present global socioenvironmental crisis is an opportunity to rethink our relationship with nature and seek ways to strengthen local tourism systems, conceived as places to live and based on environmentally friendly rural economies, cultural, scientific, and traditional exchanges, attractive both to national and foreign visitors.

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    Érudit
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    Alberto Alemanno;

    The European response to COVID-19 has revealed an inconvenient truth. Despite having integrated public health concerns across all its policies – be it agriculture, consumer protection, or security –, the Union cannot directly act to save people’s lives. Only member states can do so. Yet when they adopted unilateral measures to counter the spread of the virus, those proved not only ineffective but also disruptive on vital supply chains, by ultimately preventing the flow of essential goods and people across the Union. These fragmented efforts in tackling cross-border health threats have almost immediately prompted political calls for the urgent creation of a European Health Union. Yet this call raises more questions than answers. With the aim to offer a rigorous and timely blueprint to decision-makers and the public at large, this Special Issue of the European Journal of Risk Regulation contextualizes such a new political project within the broader constitutional and institutional framework of EU public health law and policy. By introducing the Special, this paper argues that unless the envisaged Health Union will tackle the root causes of what prevented the Union from effectively responding to COVID-19 – the divergent health capacity across the Union –, it might fall short of its declared objective of strengthening the EU’resilience for cross-border health threats.

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    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2020
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  • Ando, Yuma; Mayer, Nonna; Michelat, Guy; Tiberj, Vincent; +1 Authors

    Réalisé seize mois après le précédent, au milieu de ladite «troisième vague» de la Covid-19, le Baromètre CNCDH en ligne de 2021 enregistre des niveaux très élevés d’hostilité envers les Roms comparés aux autres groupes. Toutefois, ces préjugés sont moins répandus que les années précédentes, illustrant l’effet conjoint des initiatives de lutte contre le racisme et d’une moindre stigmatisation médiatique et politique de ces derniers. En mars 2021, l’échantillon ayant répondu au questionnaire en ligne montre un plus grand degré de tolérance à l’égard des Roms et les principaux stéréotypes les concernant sont un peu moins répandus. Et pourtant, l’accent mis sur la lutte contre ces préjugés semble être moins important et moins urgent, même parmi les moins hostiles aux Roms. Cette année, le Baromètre de la CNCDH confirme également une dynamique cumulative, qui amène à petit pas des proportions légèrement plus élevées de citoyens vers une meilleure connaissance des Roms et une moindre adhésion aux stéréotypes qui les stigmatisent. Table des matières 1. Une grande variété de groupes et de conditions 2. Le stigmate du communautarisme : les Roms sont-ils un groupe à part? 3. Structuration de longue durée et changements récents des préjugés contre les Roms 4. Une mesure synthétique d’hostilité envers les groupes tsiganes 5. La stabilité des facteurs explicatifs des préjugés romaphobes 6. La mémoire du génocide comme enjeu commun et fédérateur 7. Références Conducted sixteen months after the previous one, in the middle of the so-called 'third wave' of the Covid-19, the 2021 CNCDH Online Barometer records very high levels of hostility towards Roma compared to other groups in France. However, these prejudices are less widespread than in previous years, illustrating the combined effect of anti-racism initiatives and less media and political stigmatisation of the Roma. In March 2021, the sample responding to the online questionnaire showed a greater degree of tolerance towards Roma, and the main stereotypes about them were somewhat less prevalent. Yet the emphasis on combating these prejudices appears to be less important and less urgent, even among those who are less hostile to Roma. This year's our research also confirms a cumulative dynamic, which is gradually leading slightly higher proportions of citizens towards a better knowledge of Roma and less adherence to the stereotypes that stigmatise them. Table of Contents1. A wide variety of groups and conditions 2. The stigma of communitarianism: are Roma a special group? 3. Long-term structuring and recent changes in prejudice against Roma 4. A summary measure of hostility towards Gypsy groups 5. The stability of explanatory factors for anti-Roma prejudice 6. The memory of genocide as a common and unifying issue 7. References

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    Hantem, Aziz;
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    Christelle Baunez; Mickael Degoulet; Stéphane Luchini; Patrick A. Pintus; +1 Authors

    Even though much has been learned about the new pathogen SARS-CoV-2 since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a lot of uncertainty remains. In this paper we argue that what is important to know under uncertainty is whether harm accelerates and whether health policies achieve deceleration of harm. For this, we need to see cases in relation to diagnostic effort and not to look at indicators based on cases only, such as a number of widely used epidemiological indicators, including the reproduction number, do. To do so overlooks a crucial dimension, namely the fact that the best we can know about cases will depend on some welldefined strategy of diagnostic effort, such as testing in the case of COVID-19. We will present a newly developed indicator to observe harm, the acceleration index, which is essentially an elasticity of cases in relation to tests. We will discuss what efficiency of testing means and propose that the corresponding health policy goal should be to find ever fewer cases with an ever-greater diagnostic effort. Easy and low-threshold testing will also be a means to give back people’s sovereignty to lead their life in an “open” as opposed to “locked-down” society.

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    Hyper Article en Ligne; HAL AMU
    Other literature type . Preprint . 2021
    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2021
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    Maria, Tomas,; Diaz, Anna; Delgadillo, Estephania; Vermeulen, Walter,; +2 Authors

    International audience; Circular Economy (CE) is commonly proposed as a means to advance towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Design thinking (DT) has been identified as an innovative problemsolving approach, capable of addressing complex challenges, such as the CE, through multidisciplinary collaboration. Currently, the spaces for multi-stakeholder collaboration have been affected by Covid-19 restrictions, forcing organizations to develop online collaboration capabilities. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of the application of DT to generate CE-based solutions to address a sustainability challenge in an online setting. The assessment particularly addresses the extent to which a purposefully adapted DT process allows to conceptualize sustainability solutions, and, the user experiences in a digital collaboration environment. This research presents the findings obtained from an online DT workshop focused on proposing circular business models to improve the sustainability impacts of urban mobility in the city of Graz, Austria. The event involved 39 sustainability experts from academia, industry, public sector and NGOs, participating in five teams, each led by a workshop facilitator. Three specific activities have been elaborated to embed a focus on sustainability, which are combined with traditional DT exercises, and adapted to a digital environment. We report the outcomes of the online workshop and reflect on the adapted method strengths and weaknesses. DT is supported as a plausible method to conceptualize CE-based solutions, however, sustainability aspects need to be embedded throughout the problem-solving process.

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  • Lazarus, Jeanne; Serve, Stéphanie;

    National audience; La crise du Covid-19 a fragilisé un grand nombre d’entreprises. L’un des premiers dispositifs d’aide mis en place par L’État le 25 mars dernier, l’octroi des PGE (prêts garantis par l’État), est destiné à accorder des crédits bancaires pour faire face à l’insuffisance de trésorerie des entreprises et ainsi leur éviter la faillite.

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