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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Andéol, Guillaume; Guillaume, Anne; Pellieux, Lionel; Savel, Sophie; +1 Authors

    National audience; La capacité à localiser une source sonore dans l'espace varie grandement d'un auditeur à l'autre. Plusieurs auteurs ont proposé que cette variabilité pourrait être liée à des différences individuelles dans le traitement perceptif des indices acoustiques de localisation, et plus particulièrement dans le traitement des indices dits « spectraux » , impliqués dans la perception de l'élévation d'une source sonore. Ces indices spectraux proviennent de l'effet de diffraction produit par le relief anatomique de l'auditeur sur l'onde sonore incidente. Ils concernent essentiellement la partie haute fréquence du spectre audible (>3-4 kHz). Or, la variabilité inter-individuelle de la capacités d'analyse spectrale dans cette région fréquentielle est élevée. Nous proposons de tester l'hypothèse selon laquelle les différences individuelles en analyse spectrale pourraient partiellement expliquer celles observées en localisation sonore. Nous avons mesuré la capacité d'analyse spectrale de 18 participants via 2 tests couramment employés dans la littérature: le « ripple reversal » et le « spectral modulation detection ». Ensuite, ces participants ont réalisé des séances de détection et des séances de localisation de stimulus sonores dans le silence et dans le bruit. Les données ainsi recueillies montrent une corrélation significative entre capacité d'analyse spectrale et capacité de localisation sonore.

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    HAL AMU
    Conference object . 2010
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
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      HAL AMU
      Conference object . 2010
      Data sources: HAL AMU
  • Authors: Borie, Amélie M.; Muscatelli, Françoise; Desarménien, Michel G; Jeanneteau, Freddy;

    International audience; Les troubles du spectre de l’autisme sont caractérisés par des défauts de communication et d’interaction sociale associés à des intérêts restreints et stéréotypés. Ces troubles apparaissent tôt au cours du développement, et conduisent à une dégradation de la qualité de vie. Alors qu’au moins 670 000 personnes en sont atteintes en France, leur substrat neurobiologique reste mal compris. Les traitements disponibles sont limités et présentent des effets indésirables. La vasopressine, un neuropeptide produit par le cerveau, a récemment été mise en avant comme un possible traitement contre les troubles du comportement social, et l’utilisation d’un modèle préclinique a permis d’élucider des mécanismes d’action [1].

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    Other literature type . Article . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Bel, Bernard; Bel, Andréine;

    Une théorie de l'oeuvre selon les philosophes cachemiriens, et les techniques d'improvisation et de composition dans la musique classique savante du nord de l'Inde, présentent sous un jour différent le rôle de la mémoire et des processus cognitifs dans la création artistique, incitant à relativiser certaines positions vis à vis de la théorie de la composition. Cette étude se situe au niveau du débat cherchant à différencier "créativité" et "innovation". A theory of artistic creation by Kashmiri philosophers, and improvisatory composition techniques in North Indian classical (art) music shed light from a different angle on the role of memory and cognitive processes in artistic creation, thereby calling for a relativization of some statements regarding composition theory. This study addresses the debate about a discrepancy between "creativity" and "innovation".

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    Other literature type . 1990
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    Authors: Koenig, Gérard;

    Après avoir présenté la définition à partir de laquelle peut être appréciée la contribution de FCS au management stratégique, cet article se structure autour de deux préoccupations qui ont trait à la dynamique de production des connaissances dans le champ. La première s'inscrit dans le plan défini par les dimensions empi-rique et analytique. Elle concerne le risque que l'obsession de la nouveau-té théorique fait courir au processus de connaissance. La seconde préoccupation touche au contenu thématique de la recherche en management stratégique. Constitué de couples, comme celui que forment organisation et stratégie, cet axe thématique, que l'on peut concevoir comme orthogonal aux dimensions empirique et analytique est le lieu où s'invente le management stratégique, où des oppositions se nouent et où se pose la question de leur éventuel dépasse-ment. Mots clés : management stratégique – revues scientifiques – politiques éditoriales – développement de la con-naissance – obsession pour la théorie. After having presented the definition of strategic management from which the contribution of FCS can be recognized, the article moves on to examine two issues closely related to the dynamics of knowledge production in this domain. The first issue is found within the space defined by the empirical and analytical dimensions and concerns the risks for the knowledge process brought about by an obsession with theoretical novelty. The second issue concerns the thematic content of strategic management research. This content can be viewed as structured along various dimensions, each of them being composed of a thematic couple, such as the one that associates organization and strategy. This thematic space, which can be thought of as orthogonal to the space defined by empirical and analytical dimensions, is where strategic management is invented, where oppositions emerge, and where the question of their synthesis can be raised.

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    HAL UPEC
    Other literature type . 2008
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    Authors: Guéritaud, François;

    Nous étudions certaines décompositions de M en polyèdres idéaux, où M est une variété hyperbolique à pointe(s), de dimension 3. Par un théorème d'Epstein et Penner, il existe une telle décomposition, dite ``de Delaunay'', canonique en un sens géométrique. Au chapitre 1 nous trouvons la décomposition de Delaunay quand M fibre sur le cercle avec pour fibre un tore percé. La méthode consiste à ``deviner'' la combinatoire de la décomposition, puis à trouver des angles dièdres positifs pour ses polyèdres combinatoires : un théorème de Rivin dit que tout point critique de la fonctionelle volume dans l'espace de déformation des angles dièdres fournit la métrique hyperbolique. Les inégalités établies pour montrer l'existence d'un tel point critique permettent alors de vérifier que la décomposition est bien de Delaunay. Au chapitre 2 nous étendons la méthode à certains complémentaires d'entrelacs (entrelacs à 2 ponts notamment). Au chapitre 3 nous l'étendons aux coeurs convexes de groupes quasi-fuchsiens du tore percé (la décomposition est alors infinie, et certaines pièces ne sont pas des polyèdres). Nous obtenons ainsi une nouvelle preuve du théorème des laminations de plissage pour le tore percé. Au chapitre 4, nous étendons partiellement la méthode aux complémentaires d'entrelacs arborescents : sans trouver de point critique, nous caractérisons les entrelacs arborescents hyperboliques. Au chapitre 5, qui éclaire un passage du chapitre 3, nous montrons que certains polynômes de Laurent, qui généralisent les nombres de Markoff, n'ont que des coefficients positifs. We study certain decompositions of M into ideal polyhedra, where M is a cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold. A result of Epstein and Penner states that such a decomposition exists: in particular, the so-called Delaunay decomposition, which is canonical in a geometric sense. In Chapter 1, we find the Delaunay decomposition for M a punctured-torus bundle over the circle. The method is to ``guess'' the combinatorics of the decomposition, then find positive dihedral angles for its combinatorial polyhedra: by a theorem of Rivin, any critical point of the volume functional in the deformation space of dihedral angles gives the hyperbolic metric. The inequalities involved in showing that such a critical point exists also imply that the decomposition is indeed Delaunay. In Chapter 2, we extend the method to certain link complements (notably, 2-bridge links). In Chapter 3 we extend it to convex cores of quasifuchsian punctured-torus groups (here the decomposition is infinite, and has some non-polyhedral pieces). As a corollary, we reprove the Pleating Lamination Theorem for punctured-torus groups. In Chapter 4, we partially extend the method to arborescent link complements: without finding critical points, we characterize hyperbolic arborescent links. In Chapter 5, extending a proposition of Chapter 3, we show that certain Laurent polynomials, which generalize the Markoff numbers, have only positive coefficients.

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    Other literature type . 2006
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      Other literature type . 2006
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    Authors: Dumont, Gérard-François; Chalard, Laurent;

    Au moins depuis l'intrusion de l'armée soviétique en 1979, l'histoire géopolitique de l'Afghanistan est particulièrement singulière, puisque ce pays s'est trouvé au cœur de la confrontation Est-Ouest, puis de la " guerre contre le terrorisme ". Il serait donc loisible de penser que l'Afghanistan présente une exception aux lois de la géopolitique des populations. Or, il n'en est rien. Pour l'attester, nous allons introduire deux notions, la géopolitique des populations " séculière " et celle " régulière ". [At least since the intrusion of the Soviet army in 1979, the geopolitical history of Afghanistan is particularly remarkable, since this country has been at the heart of the East-West confrontation and the "war against terrorism ". It is therefore permissible to think that Afghanistan is an exception to the laws of geopolitics populations. However, it is not. To attest, we introduce two concepts, the geopolitics of people "secular" and the "regular"]

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    Other literature type . 2010
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    La sociologie de Norbert Elias et « l’effondrement de la civilisation » en Allemagne / Sabrina Paillé ; Le colonialisme juridique et les Autochtones du subarctique québécois / Émile Duchesne ; Nourriture et identité québécoise dans le discours journalistique sur la poutine / Ricardo Cariès ; Réflexions autour de la moralisation du capitalisme / Louis Rivet-Préfontaine.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Papyrus : Dépôt inst...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Gras, Roger;
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    Horizon / Pleins textes
    Other literature type . 1981
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      Horizon / Pleins textes
      Other literature type . 1981
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    Authors: Bonaciu, M.;

    Ces dernières années, la complexité des puces a augmenté exponentiellement. La possibilité d'intégrer plusieurs processeurs sur la même puce représente un gain important, et amène au concept du système multiprocesseur hétérogène sur puce (MP-SoC). Cet aspect a permis d'amplifier de manière significative la puissance de calcule fourni par ce type de puce. Il est même devenu possible d'intégrer des applications complexes sur une seule puce, applications qui nécessitent beaucoup de calculs, de communications et de mémoires. Dans cette catégorie, on peut trouver les applications de traitement vidéo MPEG4. Pour obtenir de bonnes implémentations en termes de performances, (1) un algorithme de l'encodeur MPEG4 flexible a été réalisé, pouvant être facilement adapté pour différents types de paramètres d'algorithme, mais également différents niveaux de parallélisme/pipeline. Puis, (2) une modélisation flexible a été utilisée, pour représenter différents models d'algorithme et d'architecture contenant 2 SMP. Utilisant ces models, (3) une exploration d'algorithme et d'architecture à un haut niveau d'abstraction a été proposé, en vue de trouver les configurations correctes d'algorithme et d'architectures, nécessaires pour différents applications. A partir de ces configurations, (4) un flot automatique d'implémentation d'architectures RTL a été utilisé. En utilisant ces aspects, l'encodeur MPEG4 a été implémenté avec succès dans plusieurs architectures spécifiques MP-SoC au niveau RTL. La même approche a été utilisée pour l'implémentation de l'encodeur MPEG4 sur une architecture quadri-processeurs existante, pour différentes résolutions, frame-rate, bitrates, etc. During the last years, the chip's complexity increased exponentially. The possibility to integrate multiple processors into the same chip represents an important gain, at it leads to the concept of Multi-Processors Systems on Chip (MP-SoC). This aspect allowed boosting the computational power offered by the chips. Thus, it became possible to integrate complex applications into a chip, applications that requires a large amount of computations, communications and memory. In this category, we can find the video treatment applications, like the MPEG4. To obtain good implementation results in term of performance, (1) a flexible MPEG4 encoder algorithm was developed, which can be easily adapted for different algorithm parameters, and different parallel/pipeline execution schemes. After this, (2) a flexible modeling was used, in order to represent different algorithm/architecture models containing 2 SMPs. Using these models, (3) a high-level algorithm/architecture exploration method was used, to find the optimal algorithm/architecture configurations required by different applications (i.e. mobile telecom). Using these parameters, (4) an automatic flow was used, to obtain final RTL architectures containing the MPEG4 encoder. Using all these aspects, the MPEG4 encoder was successfully implemented into multiple specific RTL architectures. Additionally, using the same approach, the MPEG4 encoder was implemented on an existing quadric-processors platform, for different video resolutions, frame rates, bitrates, etc.

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    Other literature type . 2006
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    Authors: Karbainov, Nikolay; Gloriozova, Ekaterina;

    Cet article est consacré à l’analyse du phénomène d’expropriation à Sotchi, ville hôte des Jeux Olympiques d’hiver 2014. En se basant sur la théorie du paradigme critique, il tente d’analyser la répartition des bénéfices et des coûts économiques et sociaux pour les habitants de Sotchi dont la propriété immobilière a été réquisitionnée au profit du projet olympique. Parmi eux, on peut identifier les « gagnants », qui ont reçu une compensation pour leur propriété réquisitionnée, et les « perdants », qui n’ont pas reçu de telle compensation. L’article tente de répondre à la question de recherche suivante : comment, dans un contexte de dirigisme étatique et d’absence de droits de propriété légaux, certains habitants de la baie d’Imérétie ont-ils pu faire légaliser leurs droits de propriété et recevoir une compensation financière ou en nature pour la réquisition de leur propriété immobilière ? En se basant sur les résultats d’études de terrain menées à Sotchi en 2010, 2011 et 2013, l’article permet de mettre en évidence cinq facteurs explicatifs : la visibilité internationale des JO ; la mobilisation et l’organisation d’un mouvement de protestation par les habitants de Sotchi ; un modèle de dirigisme étatique ultra-centralisé ; le flou juridique caractéristique des régimes transitoires de propriété dans les États post-soviétiques ; ainsi que la légitimité des droits de propriété informels pour la collectivité et les élites politiques locales. This article aims at analyzing the expropriation problem in Sochi, host city of the 2014 Winter Olympics. Based on the critical paradigm theory, it attempts to analyze the distribution of benefits, as well as the economic and social costs to the residents of Sochi, whose property was requisitioned in favor of the Olympic project. Among them, we can identify the “winners”, who received compensation for their requisitioned property, and the “losers” who did not receive any compensation. The article aims at answering the following research question : in a context of state control, and in the absence of legal property rights, how were certain residents of the Imeretinskaïa Bay able to legalize their property rights and receive financial compensation or compensation in kind for the requisition of their real estate property? Based on the results of field studies in Sochi in 2010, 2011 and 2013, the article exposes five sets of explanatory factors: the international visibility of the Olympics; the mobilization and organization of a protest by the inhabitants of Sochi ; a model of ultra-centralized state control ; legal uncertainties which are characteristic of the transient property regimes in post-Soviet states ; and the legitimacy of informal property rights to the community and local political elites.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Andéol, Guillaume; Guillaume, Anne; Pellieux, Lionel; Savel, Sophie; +1 Authors

    National audience; La capacité à localiser une source sonore dans l'espace varie grandement d'un auditeur à l'autre. Plusieurs auteurs ont proposé que cette variabilité pourrait être liée à des différences individuelles dans le traitement perceptif des indices acoustiques de localisation, et plus particulièrement dans le traitement des indices dits « spectraux » , impliqués dans la perception de l'élévation d'une source sonore. Ces indices spectraux proviennent de l'effet de diffraction produit par le relief anatomique de l'auditeur sur l'onde sonore incidente. Ils concernent essentiellement la partie haute fréquence du spectre audible (>3-4 kHz). Or, la variabilité inter-individuelle de la capacités d'analyse spectrale dans cette région fréquentielle est élevée. Nous proposons de tester l'hypothèse selon laquelle les différences individuelles en analyse spectrale pourraient partiellement expliquer celles observées en localisation sonore. Nous avons mesuré la capacité d'analyse spectrale de 18 participants via 2 tests couramment employés dans la littérature: le « ripple reversal » et le « spectral modulation detection ». Ensuite, ces participants ont réalisé des séances de détection et des séances de localisation de stimulus sonores dans le silence et dans le bruit. Les données ainsi recueillies montrent une corrélation significative entre capacité d'analyse spectrale et capacité de localisation sonore.

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  • Authors: Borie, Amélie M.; Muscatelli, Françoise; Desarménien, Michel G; Jeanneteau, Freddy;

    International audience; Les troubles du spectre de l’autisme sont caractérisés par des défauts de communication et d’interaction sociale associés à des intérêts restreints et stéréotypés. Ces troubles apparaissent tôt au cours du développement, et conduisent à une dégradation de la qualité de vie. Alors qu’au moins 670 000 personnes en sont atteintes en France, leur substrat neurobiologique reste mal compris. Les traitements disponibles sont limités et présentent des effets indésirables. La vasopressine, un neuropeptide produit par le cerveau, a récemment été mise en avant comme un possible traitement contre les troubles du comportement social, et l’utilisation d’un modèle préclinique a permis d’élucider des mécanismes d’action [1].

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    Other literature type . Article . 2021
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    Authors: Bel, Bernard; Bel, Andréine;

    Une théorie de l'oeuvre selon les philosophes cachemiriens, et les techniques d'improvisation et de composition dans la musique classique savante du nord de l'Inde, présentent sous un jour différent le rôle de la mémoire et des processus cognitifs dans la création artistique, incitant à relativiser certaines positions vis à vis de la théorie de la composition. Cette étude se situe au niveau du débat cherchant à différencier "créativité" et "innovation". A theory of artistic creation by Kashmiri philosophers, and improvisatory composition techniques in North Indian classical (art) music shed light from a different angle on the role of memory and cognitive processes in artistic creation, thereby calling for a relativization of some statements regarding composition theory. This study addresses the debate about a discrepancy between "creativity" and "innovation".

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    Other literature type . 1990
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    Authors: Koenig, Gérard;

    Après avoir présenté la définition à partir de laquelle peut être appréciée la contribution de FCS au management stratégique, cet article se structure autour de deux préoccupations qui ont trait à la dynamique de production des connaissances dans le champ. La première s'inscrit dans le plan défini par les dimensions empi-rique et analytique. Elle concerne le risque que l'obsession de la nouveau-té théorique fait courir au processus de connaissance. La seconde préoccupation touche au contenu thématique de la recherche en management stratégique. Constitué de couples, comme celui que forment organisation et stratégie, cet axe thématique, que l'on peut concevoir comme orthogonal aux dimensions empirique et analytique est le lieu où s'invente le management stratégique, où des oppositions se nouent et où se pose la question de leur éventuel dépasse-ment. Mots clés : management stratégique – revues scientifiques – politiques éditoriales – développement de la con-naissance – obsession pour la théorie. After having presented the definition of strategic management from which the contribution of FCS can be recognized, the article moves on to examine two issues closely related to the dynamics of knowledge production in this domain. The first issue is found within the space defined by the empirical and analytical dimensions and concerns the risks for the knowledge process brought about by an obsession with theoretical novelty. The second issue concerns the thematic content of strategic management research. This content can be viewed as structured along various dimensions, each of them being composed of a thematic couple, such as the one that associates organization and strategy. This thematic space, which can be thought of as orthogonal to the space defined by empirical and analytical dimensions, is where strategic management is invented, where oppositions emerge, and where the question of their synthesis can be raised.

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    Other literature type . 2008
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    Authors: Guéritaud, François;

    Nous étudions certaines décompositions de M en polyèdres idéaux, où M est une variété hyperbolique à pointe(s), de dimension 3. Par un théorème d'Epstein et Penner, il existe une telle décomposition, dite ``de Delaunay'', canonique en un sens géométrique. Au chapitre 1 nous trouvons la décomposition de Delaunay quand M fibre sur le cercle avec pour fibre un tore percé. La méthode consiste à ``deviner'' la combinatoire de la décomposition, puis à trouver des angles dièdres positifs pour ses polyèdres combinatoires : un théorème de Rivin dit que tout point critique de la fonctionelle volume dans l'espace de déformation des angles dièdres fournit la métrique hyperbolique. Les inégalités établies pour montrer l'existence d'un tel point critique permettent alors de vérifier que la décomposition est bien de Delaunay. Au chapitre 2 nous étendons la méthode à certains complémentaires d'entrelacs (entrelacs à 2 ponts notamment). Au chapitre 3 nous l'étendons aux coeurs convexes de groupes quasi-fuchsiens du tore percé (la décomposition est alors infinie, et certaines pièces ne sont pas des polyèdres). Nous obtenons ainsi une nouvelle preuve du théorème des laminations de plissage pour le tore percé. Au chapitre 4, nous étendons partiellement la méthode aux complémentaires d'entrelacs arborescents : sans trouver de point critique, nous caractérisons les entrelacs arborescents hyperboliques. Au chapitre 5, qui éclaire un passage du chapitre 3, nous montrons que certains polynômes de Laurent, qui généralisent les nombres de Markoff, n'ont que des coefficients positifs. We study certain decompositions of M into ideal polyhedra, where M is a cusped hyperbolic 3-manifold. A result of Epstein and Penner states that such a decomposition exists: in particular, the so-called Delaunay decomposition, which is canonical in a geometric sense. In Chapter 1, we find the Delaunay decomposition for M a punctured-torus bundle over the circle. The method is to ``guess'' the combinatorics of the decomposition, then find positive dihedral angles for its combinatorial polyhedra: by a theorem of Rivin, any critical point of the volume functional in the deformation space of dihedral angles gives the hyperbolic metric. The inequalities involved in showing that such a critical point exists also imply that the decomposition is indeed Delaunay. In Chapter 2, we extend the method to certain link complements (notably, 2-bridge links). In Chapter 3 we extend it to convex cores of quasifuchsian punctured-torus groups (here the decomposition is infinite, and has some non-polyhedral pieces). As a corollary, we reprove the Pleating Lamination Theorem for punctured-torus groups. In Chapter 4, we partially extend the method to arborescent link complements: without finding critical points, we characterize hyperbolic arborescent links. In Chapter 5, extending a proposition of Chapter 3, we show that certain Laurent polynomials, which generalize the Markoff numbers, have only positive coefficients.

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    Authors: Dumont, Gérard-François; Chalard, Laurent;

    Au moins depuis l'intrusion de l'armée soviétique en 1979, l'histoire géopolitique de l'Afghanistan est particulièrement singulière, puisque ce pays s'est trouvé au cœur de la confrontation Est-Ouest, puis de la " guerre contre le terrorisme ". Il serait donc loisible de penser que l'Afghanistan présente une exception aux lois de la géopolitique des populations. Or, il n'en est rien. Pour l'attester, nous allons introduire deux notions, la géopolitique des populations " séculière " et celle " régulière ". [At least since the intrusion of the Soviet army in 1979, the geopolitical history of Afghanistan is particularly remarkable, since this country has been at the heart of the East-West confrontation and the "war against terrorism ". It is therefore permissible to think that Afghanistan is an exception to the laws of geopolitics populations. However, it is not. To attest, we introduce two concepts, the geopolitics of people "secular" and the "regular"]

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    La sociologie de Norbert Elias et « l’effondrement de la civilisation » en Allemagne / Sabrina Paillé ; Le colonialisme juridique et les Autochtones du subarctique québécois / Émile Duchesne ; Nourriture et identité québécoise dans le discours journalistique sur la poutine / Ricardo Cariès ; Réflexions autour de la moralisation du capitalisme / Louis Rivet-Préfontaine.

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    Authors: Gras, Roger;
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    Other literature type . 1981
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      Other literature type . 1981
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    Authors: Bonaciu, M.;

    Ces dernières années, la complexité des puces a augmenté exponentiellement. La possibilité d'intégrer plusieurs processeurs sur la même puce représente un gain important, et amène au concept du système multiprocesseur hétérogène sur puce (MP-SoC). Cet aspect a permis d'amplifier de manière significative la puissance de calcule fourni par ce type de puce. Il est même devenu possible d'intégrer des applications complexes sur une seule puce, applications qui nécessitent beaucoup de calculs, de communications et de mémoires. Dans cette catégorie, on peut trouver les applications de traitement vidéo MPEG4. Pour obtenir de bonnes implémentations en termes de performances, (1) un algorithme de l'encodeur MPEG4 flexible a été réalisé, pouvant être facilement adapté pour différents types de paramètres d'algorithme, mais également différents niveaux de parallélisme/pipeline. Puis, (2) une modélisation flexible a été utilisée, pour représenter différents models d'algorithme et d'architecture contenant 2 SMP. Utilisant ces models, (3) une exploration d'algorithme et d'architecture à un haut niveau d'abstraction a été proposé, en vue de trouver les configurations correctes d'algorithme et d'architectures, nécessaires pour différents applications. A partir de ces configurations, (4) un flot automatique d'implémentation d'architectures RTL a été utilisé. En utilisant ces aspects, l'encodeur MPEG4 a été implémenté avec succès dans plusieurs architectures spécifiques MP-SoC au niveau RTL. La même approche a été utilisée pour l'implémentation de l'encodeur MPEG4 sur une architecture quadri-processeurs existante, pour différentes résolutions, frame-rate, bitrates, etc. During the last years, the chip's complexity increased exponentially. The possibility to integrate multiple processors into the same chip represents an important gain, at it leads to the concept of Multi-Processors Systems on Chip (MP-SoC). This aspect allowed boosting the computational power offered by the chips. Thus, it became possible to integrate complex applications into a chip, applications that requires a large amount of computations, communications and memory. In this category, we can find the video treatment applications, like the MPEG4. To obtain good implementation results in term of performance, (1) a flexible MPEG4 encoder algorithm was developed, which can be easily adapted for different algorithm parameters, and different parallel/pipeline execution schemes. After this, (2) a flexible modeling was used, in order to represent different algorithm/architecture models containing 2 SMPs. Using these models, (3) a high-level algorithm/architecture exploration method was used, to find the optimal algorithm/architecture configurations required by different applications (i.e. mobile telecom). Using these parameters, (4) an automatic flow was used, to obtain final RTL architectures containing the MPEG4 encoder. Using all these aspects, the MPEG4 encoder was successfully implemented into multiple specific RTL architectures. Additionally, using the same approach, the MPEG4 encoder was implemented on an existing quadric-processors platform, for different video resolutions, frame rates, bitrates, etc.

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