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This paper focuses on the normative notion of ‘good death’, its practical relevance as a frame of reference for ‘death work’ procedures in institutional elder care in Switzerland and the ways in which it may be challenged within migrant ‘dying trajectories’. In contemporary palliative care, the concept of ‘good death’ focuses on the ideal of an autonomous dying person, cared for under a specialised biomedical authority. Transferred to the nursing home context, characterised by long-term basic care for the very old under conditions of scarce resources, the notion of ‘good death’ is broken down into ready-to-use, pragmatic elements of daily routines. At the same time, nursing homes are increasingly confronted with socially and culturally diversified populations. Based on ethnographic findings, we give insight into current practices of institutional ‘death work’ and tensions arising between contradicting notions of a ‘good death’, by referring to decision-making, life-prolonging measures, notions on food/feeding and the administration of sedative painkillers.

PREMIÈRE APPROCHE TERMINOLOGIQUE Dès le premier cours donné en 1861 par Gaston Paris, alors âge de vingt-deux ans, au quai Malaquais, la typologie de la littérature française du Moyen Âge qui sera celle du philologue pendant plus de quarante ans est fixée : Histoire de la littérature française du moyen âge1[è]re Leçon. — Préliminaires. — Origines, formation et phases successives de la langue.2e Leçon. — Anciennes traditions épiques.3e Leçon. — Les épopées Carlovingiennes. — La...

Astrophysics deals with important questions characterizing human nature. Most of our knowledge was obtained in the last century. The data resulting from these explorations, collected in space or on ground, are of great value, encoding our knowledge of the Universe, of our past and of our future. With the emergence of clouds and deep learning, high level interfaces to these data could evolve towards providing direct access to knowledge. The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs can play a role towards a consensus in establishing a code of conduct on data handling and promoting the data and knowledge on the Universe as an intangible world cultural heritage.

Almost entirely overlooked throughout the 20th century, neglected by contemporary medical manuals, the clitoris has gradually returned centre stage thanks to Western feminism.

This paper shows the preliminary results of an initial effort to analyse whether explanations associated with a semantic parser help users to generalise the system’s mechanisms regardless of their technical background. With the support of a user-centred experiment with 66 participants, we evaluated the user’s mental model by associating the linguistic features from a set of explanations to the system’s behaviour.

Automatic metrics for the evaluation of machine translation (MT) compute scores that characterize globally certain aspects of MT quality such as adequacy and fluency. This paper introduces a reference-based metric that is focused on a particular class of function words, namely discourse connectives, of particular importance for text structuring, and rather challenging for MT. To measure the accuracy of connective translation (ACT), the metric relies on automatic word-level alignment between a source sentence and respectively the reference and candidate translations, along with other heuristics for comparing translations of discourse connectives. Using a dictionary of equivalents, the translations are scored automatically, or, for better precision, semi-automatically. The precision of the ACT metric is assessed by human judges on sample data for English/French and English/Arabic translations: the ACT scores are on average within 2% of human scores. The ACT metric is then applied to several commercial and research MT systems, providing an assessment of their performance on discourse connectives.

France’s hesitant stance on EU enlargement towards the Balkans is illustrative of a broader ambivalence among both French elites and citizens towards the European project. Despite principled support for the Balkans’ EU membership, achieving this step is no strategic priority for France. The official approach emphasizes strict conditionality and a rigorous monitoring of reform progress in aspirant countries. A hostile public opinion and superficial media coverage further strengthen the country’s reluctance to admit new, possibly unprepared candidates into the Union. Analysing the historical evolution of the French position on EU enlargement as well as its current political, institutional and societal expressions, this article construes France’s disinvestment from the Balkans’ EU perspective as the result of failed expectations and a growing disillusionment with the EU’s international role and its political future more broadly. Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 17 (4)

Preliminary biostratigraphic and geochronological results obtained from a 44 m-long core drilled on the northern coast of Mayaguana Island (SE Bahamas) show that the topmost layers of the core date from the Burdigalian (Early Miocene), whereas the deepest units are of Chattian (Late Oligocene) or Aquitanian (Earliest Miocene) age. Accordingly, the platform aggraded 44 m of sediments in a 10 to 3 my time span, from the Chattian/Aquitanian to the Burdigalian, whereas previous surface investigations of the island showed that only 11 m of carbonates were accumulated in a 17 my-long period, between the Burdigalian and the Early Pleistocene. This new record shows that the accumulation rate of the Mayaguana Bank was much higher during the Late Paleogene/Early Miocene than during the time interval from the Middle Miocene to the Pleistocene. This decrease is likely due to vertical tectonic motions related to the late phases of the Cuban orogeny which reduced accommodation on the platform top. These results designate the Mayaguana Bank as an accurate gauge to record the elevation of sea-level highstands during the Neogene

V International Conference on Corpus Linguistics (CILC2013); International audience; The paper presents the early stage of the CRISTAL project, an original French project involving linguists, computer researchers and a firm specializing in multilingual text management. What is at stake from a linguistic point of view is a deeper analysis of the notion of Knowledge Rich Context proposed by Meyer (2001). Using comparable corpora, it analyzes how the notion of KRC can vary according to text genre and/or type of users.

The most salient geological features observed during a recent reconnaissance trip to Crooked Island, SE Bahamas, include: (1) altered bioclastic calcarenites of probable Early Pleistocene age; and (2) an elevated intertidal notch carved in last interglacial deposits, indicating that sea level peaked at a higher elevation than previously estimated during that time period. Four main lithostratigraphic units were identified on Crooked Island: (1) highly weathered bioclastic calcarenites that yielded unreliable alloisoleucine/isoleucine (A/I) ratios, and two valid 87Sr/86Sr ratios averaging 0.709147; (2) well-lithified bioclastic/peloidal eolianites, forming low sea cliffs, that gave one A/I ratio of 0.523; (3) a complex and extensive unit including scarce coral framestone, exposed up to +1.2 m above sea level, and oolitic-peloidal calcarenites deposited in subtidal, beach, and eolian environments that yielded A/I ratios averaging 0.411 (n=5); and (4) poorly lithified bioclastic beach ridges congruent with modern sea level. Moreover, a prominent ridge along the north coast of the island shows, at +11 m above sea level, an intertidal notch carved in Unit 3 eolianite and filled by Unit 3 beach facies. Units 4, 3 and 2 can be compared, respectively, to the Rice Bay (Holocene), the Grotto Beach (Late Pleistocene) and the Owl's Hole (Middle Pleistocene) formations, previously identified on many other Bahamian islands. Of probable Early Pleistocene age (between 0.6 and 1 Ma), Unit 1 could represent the lowermost part of the Owl's Hole Formation and the top of the underlying, mostly marine Misery Point Formation recently discovered on Mayaguana. The unequivocal occurrence of an intertidal notch carved in, and sealed by, last-interglacial deposits at +11 m shows that the peak elevation reached by sea level during that time interval was much higher than previously assessed. Finally, stratigraphic units decrease in age from N to S, suggesting that the island grew differently than other Bahamian islands or, alternatively, that the northern margin of the Crooked-Acklins bank collapsed in a recent past.