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International audience; In this paper, we study the effect of smartphone camera exposure on the performance of optical camera communications (OCC) link. The exposure parameters of image sensor sensitivity (ISO), aperture and shutter speed are included. A static OCC link with a 8 × 8 red, green and blue (RGB) LED array employed as the transmitter and a smartphone camera as the receiver is demonstrated to verify the study. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis at different ISO values, the effect of aperture and shutter speed on communication link quality is performed. While SNRs of 20.6 dB and 16.9 dB are measured at 1 m and 2 m transmission distance, respectively for a ISO value of 100, they are decreased to 17.4 dB and 13.32 dB for a ISO of 800. The bit error rate (BER) of a 1 m long OCC link with a camera's shutter speed of 1/6000 s is 1.3 × 10 −3 (i.e., below the forward error correction BER limit of 3.8 × 10 −3) and is dropped to 0.0125 at a shutter speed of 1/20 s. This study provides insight of the basic smartphone settings and the exposure adjustment for further complex OCC links.

International audience; This study presents an algebraic method to detect, count, and identify concomitant motions of parallel robots at the velocity level. The pose and orientation of moving platform of parallel manipulators (PMs) with f-DOF could be commonly described by f possible motion variables on the instantaneous motion space (IMS) and (6 − f) restriction motion variables on the instantaneous restriction space (IRS). However, in some situations, PMs moving platform may accompanied by a concomitant (parasitic) motions along the direction of restriction space. Therefore, the commonly understood one-to-one correspondence between joint space and task space mobility of non-redundant PMs would be compromised. This phenomenon occurred due to the fact that the alignment of screws can change the reciprocal screws while the given screw systems are still maintained. To demonstrate the proposed method, an amplitude-based concomitant motion comparison is performed on two widely utilized lower-mobility parallel mechanisms, 3RPS and 3PRS. The result has shown that for the selected mechanisms, concomitant motion is identical regardless of their difference in joint arrangements in each limbs.

International audience; This chapter introduces several state of the art techniques that could help to make deep underwater archaeological photogrammetric surveys easier, faster, more accurate, and to provide more visually appealing representations in 2D and 3D for both experts and public. We detail how the 3D captured data is analysed and then represented using ontologies, and how this facilitates interdisciplinary interpretation and cooperation. Towards more automation, we present a new method that adopts a deep learning approach for the detection and the recognition of objects of interest, amphorae for example. In order to provide more readable, direct and clearer illustrations, we describe several techniques that generate different styles of sketches out of orthophotos developed using neural networks. In the same direction, we present the Non-Photorealistic Rendering (NPR) technique, which converts a 3D model into a more readable 2D representation that is more useful to communicate and simplifies the identification of objects of interest. Regarding public dissemination, we demonstrate how recent advances in virtual reality to provide an accurate, high resolution, amusing and appropriate visualization tool that offers the public the possibility to ‘visit’ an unreachable archaeological site. Finally, we conclude by introducing the plenoptic approach, a new promising technology that can change the future of the photogrammetry by making it easier and less time consuming and that allows a user to create a 3D model using only one camera shot. Here, we introduce the concepts, the developing process, and some results, which we obtained with underwater imaging.

Abstract The frontal lobe plays a crucial role in human motor behavior. It is one of the last areas of the brain to mature, especially the prefrontal regions. After a brief historical perspective on the perceived dichotomy between the view of the brain as a static organ and that of a plastic, constantly changing structure, we discuss the stability/plasticity dilemma including examples of documented cortical reorganization taking place at multiple spatial and temporal scales. We pose that while plasticity is needed for motor learning, stability of the system is necessary for storage and maintenance of memorized skills. We discuss how this plasticity/stability dilemma is resolved along the life span and after a brain injury. We then examine the main challenges that clinicians have to overcome to promote recovery of function in patients with brain lesions, including attempts to use neurostimulation techniques as adjuvant to training-based customary neurorehabilitation.

The introduction of novel approaches that cause a paradigm shift on a technological level can become the driver of innovative business models that benefit from capabilities that may have emerged. Such is the case for 5G which offers an entirely new way of delivering services that affects consumers and even more fundamentally the providers. The introduction of network slicing and the ability to provide individually configurable parts of the network to providers offer unique opportunities and solutions particularly when it comes to solving the known issue of overlapping infrastructure investments from various stakeholders. In this paper, the scenario of a single wholesale 5G network provider – the Neutral Host – operating in the City of Lucca is examined. Some remarks about the impact of the NH model on Barcelona superblock urbanistic model are also provided.

We present the API for MUSICNTWRK, a python library for pitch class set and rhythmic sequences classification and manipulation, the generation of networks in generalized music and sound spaces, deep learning algorithms for timbre recognition, and the sonification of arbitrary data. The software is freely available under GPL 3.0 and can be downloaded at www.musicntwrk.com or installed as a PyPi project (pip install musicntwrk).

This study is aimed at understanding the implementation of Information Communication Technology (ICT) tool to electoral process and its challenges in Nigeria using actor-network theory (ANT) as a lens. Moment of translation of ANT was applied to gain an insight of the phenomenon. Empirical data was used for the analysis in the context of social behavior between human and non-human actors following inductive research approach. Case study methodology was carried out at Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). The methods of data collection were through interview, participant observation and reviewing organizational documents. Challenges of the Smart Card Reader (SCR) in Nigeria’s electoral process are highlighted. Results of the study indicated that the challenges in implementation of the SCR emanated from the heterogeneous actors “human and non-human”, which lack synchrony during the process. Apart from the success of the card reader during accreditation, there was inadequate manpower training by INEC body and insufficient ICT infrastructure that weakened the ANT process.

The APMS conference and IFIP WG 5.7 community can proudly look back at a rich history of research and practical impact in the field of production and production management. However, in the light of the recent disruptions of the field, often summarized under the terms Industry 4.0 or Smart Manufacturing, it is critical to assess recent research trends and changing key topics within the community to enable informed decisions about the future directions of the conference. This paper takes a critical look at 1,428 published papers from the APMS proceedings that are available on Scopus and derives key insights through a bibliometric study. A special focus is put on the last five years to reflect the recent effects of digital transformation on the driving topics of the conference. The results show the emergence and dominance of Industry 4.0 among the recent topics, but also provides evidence of established topics, such as sustainability, remaining relevant. Overall, the study provides a wealth of information that provides the foundation for forward looking discussion among the community members.

Part 2: Infrastructure Protection; International audience; State estimation is vital to the stability of control systems, especially in power systems, which rely heavily on measurement devices installed throughout wide-area power networks. Several researchers have analyzed the problems arising from bad data injection and topology errors, and have proposed protection and mitigation schemes. This chapter employs hierarchical state estimation based on the common weighted-least-squares formulation to study the propagation of faults in intermediate and top-level state estimates as a result of measurement reordering attacks on a single region in the bottom level. Although power grids are equipped with modern defense mechanisms such as those recommended by the ISO/IEC 62351 standard, reordering attacks are still possible. This chapter concentrates on how an inexpensive data swapping attack in one region in the lower level can influence the accuracy of other regions in the same level and upper levels, and force the system towards undesirable states. The results are validated using the IEEE 118-bus test case.

International audience; The use of land cover mappings built using remotely sensed imagery data has become increasingly popular in recent years. However, these mappings are ultimately only models. Consequently, it is vital for one to be able to assess and verify the quality of a mapping and quantify uncertainty for any estimates that are derived from them in a reliable manner.For this, the use of validation sets and error matrices is a long standard practice in land cover mapping applications. In this paper, we review current state of the art methods for quantifying uncertainty for estimates obtained from error matrices in a land cover mapping context. Specifically, we review methods based on their transparency, generalisability, suitability when stratified sampling and suitability in low count situations. This is done with the use of a third-party case study to act as a motivating and demonstrative example throughout the paper.The main finding of this paper is there is a major issue of transparency for methods that quantify uncertainty in terms of confidence intervals (frequentist methods). This is primarily because of the difficulty of analysing nominal coverages in common situations. Effectively, this leaves one without the necessary tools to know when a frequentist method is reliable in all but a few niche situations. The paper then discusses how a Bayesian approach may be better suited as a default method for uncertainty quantification when judged by our criteria.