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Climate change is likely to threaten the livelihood of millions of smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere. This paper investigates whether cooperatives could play a role in promoting climate adaptation among their members and, through spillover-effects on non-members in their villages, among their communities at large. For this purpose, we use panel data collected among smallholder farm households in Ethiopia. We find that (i) cooperative membership increases the number of adaptation practices adopted by farm households; (ii) this effect increases with the number of cooperatives of which farm households are members, and (iii) non-members in villages with cooperatives adopt more adaptation practices than farm households in villages without cooperatives, although results are statistically significant only for certain types of cooperatives. These results suggest that considering different levels at which climate change adaptation takes place should receive greater attention among researchers and policymakers. For example, enhancing the institutional capacity of and creating partnerships with cooperatives could facilitate the implementation of climate change adaptation policies and strategies, including at the farm level.

With reference to Vanclay (Scientometrics in press, 2012) the paper argues fora pragmatic approach to the Thomson-Reuter’s journal impact factor. The paper proposes and discusses to replace the current synchronous Thomson-Reuter journal impact factor by an up-to-date diachronic version (DJIF), consisting of a three-year citation window over a one year publication window. The DJIF online data collection and calculation is exemplified and compared to the present synchronous journal impact factor. The paper discusses briefly the dimensions of currency, robustness, understandability and comparability to other impact factors used in research evaluation.

Biosimilars are biologic medicines that are similar to currently available biologic therapies known as originators. These complex large molecule drugs are considered as the next wave in medicine, promising new treatments to help more patients with serious and complex diseases. Now that patents covering some of these medicines have expired or are approaching expiry, regulators across the world have created new incentives for biologic drug development and new procedures to allow for similar versions — biosimilars — of originator biologics to enter the market.While regulatory pathways for the market approval of these drugs have been available in both Europe and in the US for a couple of years, the nature of biosimilars creates many regulatory and definitional challenges and complexities. Moreover, there are an increasing number of new biologics and biosimilar applications on the horizon that give rise to additional questions.Many of the unsolved issues are comparable in Europe and the US, but they will often need to be addressed within different legal settings. The US Supreme Court, for example, recently decided on crucial questions concerning the so-called biosimilar "patent dance", and whether biosimilar companies have to notify reference product sponsors of the impending marketing of a new product. It can can be assumed that the forthcoming decision will have broad ramifications for all subsequent biosimilars approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). At this panel debate, European, US and South-American scientific and legal experts discuss the implications of these developments both from a regulatory and intellectual property law perspective.

Denne afhandling undersøger et begreb, der hidtil har været et ubeskrevet blad i en dansk forskningsmæssig sammenhæng, begrebet parallelsamfund. I den aktuelle danske politiske og offentlig diskurs tages ’parallelsamfund’ ofte for givet som en betegnelse for segregerede indvandrersamfund (fortrinsvis muslimske) med ’andre’ normer og værdier og uden kontakt til det omgivende majoritetssamfund. Parallelsamfundet italesættes derfor ofte som en hindring for integration og som en trussel mod sammenhængskraften. Denne måde at italesætte begrebet parallelsamfund på er dog relativ ny, og afhandlingen sandsynliggør, at parallelsamfundet først introduceredes i den danske offentlige debat i denne betydning i slutningen af 1990’erne, og at det derefter først for alvor vandt udbredelse i takt med00’ernes værdidiskurs.Med udgangspunkt ien teoretisk kombination af begrebshistorie og diskursanalyse stiller afhandlingen bl. a. følgende spørgsmål: På hvilken måde er begrebet parallelsamfund blevet konstrueret diskursivt i den danske politiske og offentlige debat i perioden 1968-2013, herunder,hvornår er begrebet opstået, hvorledes har det transformeret sig, og hvilken diskurs om parallelsamfund er dominerende i dag?Afhandlingen konkluderer, at begrebet parallelsamfund har indskrevet sig i (mindst) tre diskurser i den undersøgte periode, hvilke benævnes den utopiske diskurs(parallelsamfundet som en positiv betegnelse for et nyt og bedre samfund), den deskriptive diskurs(parallelsamfund som en, i teorien, værdifri beskrivelse af samfund, der ligger ved siden af hinanden), og den dystopiske diskurs(parallelsamfund som segregerede indvandrersamfund). Afhandlingen identificerer den dystopiske diskurs som den dominerende i dag, og analyserer denne diskurs på baggrund af tre aktuelle cases fra den danske politiske og offentlige (nyheds)scene.

The textbook provides material for communicative Hindi grammar lessons in a language classroom. The target group are learners without previous Hindi knowledge. Though it follows a structural progression, it consistently applies the communicative approach of language teaching. It thus aims at filling a gap in the field of Hindi teaching so far dominated by grammar-translation based teaching material.The scope of the book is to provide teaching activities for training learners to actively communicate in Hindi at the A1.1 proficiency level of the CEFR. This is the frist volume of a course that ultimately leads to the B1 level of the CEFR. Further volumes are in preparation.