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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Cüneyt Özek; Özgür Erdem; Ufuk Bilkay; Serhat Totan; +4 Authors

    The radiovolar area of the forearm constitutes a versatile source of composite tissues for free flap reconstruction for many areas of the body. The skin is thin and relatively hairless, and the vascular pedicle is long and large caliber. The principal disadvantage, that this is a conspicuous donor site, has not been a source of concern for our patients. Between 1993-1999, 10 patients underwent soft tissue reconstruction of the different anatomic regions of the body using the microvascular radial forearm free flap. All free flaps survived completely. Ön kolun radyovolar bölgesi, vücudun birçok bölgesinde serbest flep ile rekontrüksiyon için ideal bir donör sahadır. Bu bölgedeki deri ince ve kılsız olup, flebin pedikülü uzun ve geniş çaplıdır.Bu flebin en önemli dezavantajı oldukça belirgin donör saha skarı olmakla beraber, hiçbir hastamızda bu yönde bir şikayet olmamıştır. Kliniğimizde 1993-1999 tarihleri arasında toplam 10 hastaya, değişik anatomik bölgelerde radyal ön kol serbest flebi ile yumuşak doku rekonstrüksiyonu yapılmıştır. Yapılan bütün flepler tam olarak yaşamıştır.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Bulut, Hakan; Önçağ, Mehmet Gökhan; Işıksal, Erdal;

    Aim: the purpose of this study was to test in vitro two types of golden brackets (Forever Cold 24K and Forever Cold) and one conventional stainless steel bracket (Mini Master) as control for sliding resistance in combination with nickel-titanium (NiTi) and stainless steel (SS) arch wires in four second-order angulations with respect to factional force values. Materials and Methods: Since there are many factors affecting friction, all tests were performed in a dry environment without ligaturing using an electronic angulations unit and a universal test device. Arch wires were pulled through the slots with a crosshead speed of 7 mm/minute. Results: Statistical analyses showed that the primary effects of all three factors that is namely bracket, wire material and angle were found significant in P<0.05 level. Under existing conditions the NiTi wires produced lower friction than those of SS in alt three bracket types. Forever Gold brackets (.zirconia plated) showed remarkable higher frictional values with NiTi and SS arch wires than the other two bracket types in all four tested angulations (P<0,05): When the four second-order angles was kept constant, although Cold Forever 24K brackets demonstrated lower values with NiTi wires compared with stainless steel brackets there was no statistical significant difference for these two bracket types in terms of their overall frictional resistance (P>Q.05). Conclusion: It should be considered that 24 carat fine gold plated slots in metal brackets or golden slot inseits in esthetic brackets could be effective in reducing frictional forces particularly during leveling stages. (Turkish J Orthod 2010;23:136-150) Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı tipteki altın braketini (Forever Gold 24l0.05). Sonuç: Metal braket slotlarının 24 avar altrn ile kaplanması veya estetik braketlerde altından hazırlanan slot-insertlerin kullanılması sürtünmeyi, özellikle seviyeleme aşamalarında, etkili bir şekilde azaltabilir. (Türk Ortodonti Dergisi 2010;23:136-150)

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Hüseyin Günerhan; Koray Ülgen; Arif Hepbaşlı;

    Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs), also known as geothermal heat pumps (GHPs), offer an attractive option for both conventional heating and cooling systems because of their higher energy efficiency. GSHPs have been used for about three years in our country. In this regard, these systems have been applied to many residential and a few commercial buildings for heating/cooling purposes. However, in our country, GSHPs have not been manufactured yet and the GSHPs imported from abroad have been used. The energy performance of a GSHP system can be influenced by three primary factors: (i) the heatpump machine (HPM), (ii) the circulating pump (CP) or well pump, and (iii) the ground-coupling (GC) or groundwater well. By taking into account that HPMs have been imported from abroad, the optimal design of CP and GC is very essential. Among the GSHP installations, the cost of the GC accounts for 25-30% of the total cost. The proper design of this GC is needed not only for the efficient operation of the system, but also for its efficiency. In this context, the proper selection of the backfill material placed in the borehole results in decreased bore-length requirements, and reduces the installation costs of GSHPs. In the present study, the important design criteria for the GC heat exchanger, which is the heart of the GCHPs, will be given. The theoretical results will be compared to the experimental results obtained from a vertical GSHP system, which was designed and installed to heat/cool a classroom of the Solar Energy Institute Building of Ege University and has been operated since its installation, representing the first application with a vertical type installation at the university level. Jeotermal ısı pompalan (JIP) olarak da bilinen toprak kaynaklı ısı pompaları (TKIP). daha yüksek enerji kullanım verimleri nedeniyle, geleneksel ısıtma ve soğutma sistemlerine karşı cazip bir seçenek oluşturmaktadır. TKIP'ler, ülkemizde yaklaşık üç yıldır gündemdedir. Bu sistemler; birçok konutta ve birkaç ticari yapıda ısıtma/soğutma amaçlı olarak uygulamaya sokulmuştur. Ancak, ülkemizde, TKIP 'ler henüz imalat aşamasına gelmemiştir ve yurt dışından ithal edilen TKIP'ler kullanılmaktadır. Bir TKJP sisteminin enerji performansına, (a) ısı pompası cihazı (IPC), (b) dolaşım (sirkülasyon) pompası (SP) veya kuyu pompası ve (c) toprak ısı değiştiricisi (TID) veya yeraltı suyu kuyusu olmak üzere üç ana sistem etki eder. IPC'lerin yurt dışından ithal edildiği göz önüne alınırsa, SP'nin ve TID'nin en uygun tasarımı büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ülkemizde kurulan TKIP sistemleri içinde, TID'nin maliyeti, toplam maliyetin %25-30'u kadar olmaktadır. Bu TIP'nin uygun tasarımı; sadece sistemin verimli çalışması için değil, aynı zamanda da verimliliği bakımından gereklidir. Bu çerçevede, TID'lerin etrafına konulan dolgu malzemesinin doğru seçimi; sondaj çukuru derinliğinin azalmasına neden olur ve TKIP'lerin yatırım maliyetini düşürür. Bu çalışmada, TKIP sisteminin "kalbi" olan TID ile ilgili önemli tasarım kriterleri verilecektir. Teorik sonuçlar, Ege Üniversitesi Güneş Enerjisi Enstitüsü binasının bir dersliğinin ısıtılması/soğutulması için tasarlanıp kurulan ve kurulduğundan beri başarıyla çalışan (bu tipte üniversite bazında ilk uygulama), düşey ısı değiştiricili bir TKIP sistemden elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılacaktır.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Zafer Bahar Türkyılmaz; Aydın Güney;

    In this research, "natural site" concept as one of the nature conservation instruments in Türkiye, has been examined in Foça coastal town and its environs. "Assessment form of natural areas" was then being prepared for classifying natural areas in order of their importance of conservation. Each land unit with its degree of conservation has been compared to the natural site pursuits in Foça, through which some evaluations could be put forward. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde bir doğa koruma enstrümanı olan "doğal sit" uygulaması Foça örneğinde ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda araştırmada doğal alanların koruma önceliklerine göre sınıflandırılması "doğa koruma alanı değerlendirme formu" aracılığıyla yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle Foça'daki doğal sit uygulamaları karşılaştırılarak değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Sinan Kara; Tulgar Toros; Gülçin Başdemir; Akın Kapubağlı;

    The free, non-vascularized iliac crest apophyseal graft has been transplanted onto the acetabulum in two different ways. In the first group, which consists of 15 rabbits, the graft has been inserted in the osteotomy line of the innominate bone. In the second group, which also consists of 15 rabbits it has been inserted in a groove expanding to the cancellous bone, which has been prepared on the acetabulum. The progression of the implantation has been evaluated radiologically in the 6th and 10th weeks and histologically at the end of the 10th week. As a conclusion, it has been stated that in the second group, the graft can form a roof with its own growth potential. Also, in the second group, it has been diagnosed that the over-proliferated apophyseal cartilage carries osteochondromatous charac-teristics. Krista iliakaclan alınan serbest, non-vaskülarize apofiz grefti asetabulumun üzerine iki değişik şekilde transplante edilmiştir. Onbeş tavşanı içeren birinci grupta greft innominat kemik osteotomisinin arasına konulmuş, gene 15 tavşanı içeren ikinci grupta greft atesabulum üzerinde hazırlanan ve spongiöz kemiğe kadar uzanan bir oluğun üzerine yerleştirilmiştir. Greftin gelişimi 6 ve 10. haftalarda radyografi k ve 10. hafta sonunda histolojik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ikinci grupta kıkırdak greftin radyografik ve histolojik olarak asetabulum üzerinde büyüme yeteneğine sahip bir çatı oluşturabileceği belirlen-miştir. Gene ikinci grupta iki kalçada aşırı prolifere olan apofiz kıkırdağının osteokondromatöz özellik taşıdığı görülmüştür.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
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    N. Emel Lüleci; Fethi Doğan;

    The aim of this study is to establish the knowledge about diarrhea and hygiene and the behavior and actions of mothers who live in border regions of the city, which continiously receive immigranants from provinces and have a lower social, economic and cultural level. 220 (90,5%) of 243 mothers who are registered in the clinics of Yeşilçam village in Bornova, have been visited in their houses by a public surway and have responded to a questionnary. 13,6% of mothers could not describe "diarrhea" and the descriptions of 11,8 % were wrong. 74,5% of the mothers had correct answers and 13,8% had not any informations about the nourishment of a child who suffers from diarrhea. Bu çalışma, sürekli göç alan, düşük sosyoekonomik ve kültürel düzeye sahip bir yerleşim yerinde annelerin ishal ve sanitasyon konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Bornova, Yeşilçam Köyü Sağlık Ocağı'na kayıtlı 0-4 yaş çocuğu olan 243 anneden 220'sine (%90,5) ev ziyaretleri ile ulaşıldı ve amaca uygun anket, yüzyüze görüşme tekniği ile uygulandı. Annelerin, %13,6 sı ishali tanımlayamadığı, %11,8'i de yanlış tanımladığı, ishalli çocuğun nasıl besleneceğini % 74,57 doğru, %11,8'i yanlış bildiği, %13,6'sının bilmediği saptandı.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Çağ Çal; Derya Keskin; Mustafa Delibaş; Refik Killi; +2 Authors

    En sık görülen erişkin primer böbrek tümörü olan renal adenokarsinomun klinik olarak doğru evrelendirilebilmesi, uygulanacak cerrahi tedavinin şeklinin ve sınırlarının belirlenmesi için önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, böbrek tümörlerinde bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ile yapılan klinik evrelemenin histopatolojik evre ile uyumunu belirlemektir. Renal kitle tanısıyla opere edilen 44 olgu retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Klinik ve patolojik evreler karşılaştırıldı. 44 olgudan klinik olarak 34 olguda evre I, 5 olguda evre II ve 5 olguda evre III tümör belirlendi. BT ile evre I hastalık olarak değerlendirilen 4 olgudan, üçünde patolojik olarak evre II ve birinde evre III tümör saptandı. Klinik olarak evre II tümörlü bir olguda ise evre III tümör görüldü. BT ile yapılan klinik evrelemenin evre I, evre II ve evre III tümörlerde histopatolojik evreyle uyumu sırasıyla %88.2, %80 ve %100 olarak belirlendi. Fakat evre II ve evre III tümörlü olgu sayısı bu evrelerdeki oranların güvenilirliği için yeterli değildir. Tüm evrelerde BT evrelemesinin doğruluğu %88.6 olarak bulundu. BT renal hücreli karsinomun evrelemesinde akılcı bir seçenektir ve klinik ve patolojik evreler arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamaktadır. Renal adenocarcinoma is the most common primary kidney tumor in adults. Clinically accurate staging of the tumor is important because the type of surgical approach is related with the extension of the tumor. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy of clinical staging in kidney tumors with computerized tomography (CT). 44 patients operated renal mass in our clinic, were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical and pathological stages were compared. Clinically, 34 of 44 patients were stage I, 5 patients were stage II and 5 patients were stage III. 3 out of 4 patients who were classified as stage I with CT were staged as stage II and the remaining one was stage III pathologically. One of the 5 patients who were clinically stage II was staged as III pathologically. Staging accuracy of CT in stage I, stage II and stage III patients is 88.2%, 80% and 100% respectively. However the number of patients with stage II and stage III is not enough for reliable evaluation. Overall staging accuracy with CT is found to be 88.6%. In conclusion, CT is a reliable method in staging of renal cell carcinoma and the difference between clinical and pathological stages is not significant.

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    Dumanoğlu, Zeynep; Geren, Hakan;

    To evaluate the influence of different N and P levels on the productivity of amaranth, a pot experiment under outdoor condition was conducted on a amaranth genotype (cv. Don Juan) with five nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg·ha-1) and three phosphor levels (0, 50, 100 kg·ha-1). Some traits tested in the experiment were plant height, harvest index and grain yield, crude protein content and weight of thousand grain. Results indicated that increasing N and P levels positively affected above mentioned traits compared to the control, and the highest grain yield for amaranth obtained from 100 kg P and 150 kg N application per hectare. Farklı azot ve fosfor seviyelerinin horozibiği verimliliği üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için “Don Juan” isimli horozibiği genotipinde, beş azot (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 kg/da) ve üç fosfor (0, 5, 10 kg/da) seviyesinin araştırıldığı bir saksı denemesi dış ortamda yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bitki boyu, hasat indeksi, tane verimi, tane ham protein oranı ve 1000 tane ağırlığı gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, kontrol uygulamasına göre artan N ve P seviyelerinin verim ve verim unsurlarını olumlu yönde etkilediğini ve en yüksek tane veriminin dekara 10 kg P ve 15 kg Nuygulamasından alındığını göstermiştir.

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    Kaan Kavaklı; Nazan Çetingül; Mehmet Kantar; Yeşim Aydınok; +3 Authors

    İmmun trombositopenik purpura (İTP), çocuklardaki trombositopeninin ve buna bağlı kanama komplikasyonlarının sık rastlanan bir nedenidir. İTP, genellikle akut ve %80 oranında birkaç haftada spontan ve tam bir iyileşme gösterirken olguların yaklaşık %10'u kronikleşme eğilimindedir. Yüksek doz steroid ve intravenöz immun globulin uygulamasına refrakter olan akut İTP olgularının tedavisi günlük pratikte önemli bir sorun oluştururken böyle olguların tedavisine ilişkin eldeki veriler son derece azdır. Bu yazıda, akut dönemdeki rutin tedavi yaklaşımlarına refrakter olan İTP'Iİ bir sütçocuğunda uyguladığımız siklosporin A tedavisine aldığımız olumlu yanıt sunulmaktadır. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (İTP), is a common cause of thrombocytopenia and related bleeding complications in childhood. Complete and spontaneous recovery is observed within in several weeks in %80 of the ITP cases, however approximately %10 of the cases tend to become chronic. The treatment of acute ITP cases which are refractory to high dose steroids and intravenous immunglobuline is an important problem. Data available concerning the treatment of such cases are very few. In this article, the result of cyclosporin-A treatment in an infant with ITP which is refractory to the acute therapy protocols is reported.

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    Zafer Tosunoglu; Adnan Tokaç; Altan Lök; Cengiz Metin;

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Cüneyt Özek; Özgür Erdem; Ufuk Bilkay; Serhat Totan; +4 Authors

    The radiovolar area of the forearm constitutes a versatile source of composite tissues for free flap reconstruction for many areas of the body. The skin is thin and relatively hairless, and the vascular pedicle is long and large caliber. The principal disadvantage, that this is a conspicuous donor site, has not been a source of concern for our patients. Between 1993-1999, 10 patients underwent soft tissue reconstruction of the different anatomic regions of the body using the microvascular radial forearm free flap. All free flaps survived completely. Ön kolun radyovolar bölgesi, vücudun birçok bölgesinde serbest flep ile rekontrüksiyon için ideal bir donör sahadır. Bu bölgedeki deri ince ve kılsız olup, flebin pedikülü uzun ve geniş çaplıdır.Bu flebin en önemli dezavantajı oldukça belirgin donör saha skarı olmakla beraber, hiçbir hastamızda bu yönde bir şikayet olmamıştır. Kliniğimizde 1993-1999 tarihleri arasında toplam 10 hastaya, değişik anatomik bölgelerde radyal ön kol serbest flebi ile yumuşak doku rekonstrüksiyonu yapılmıştır. Yapılan bütün flepler tam olarak yaşamıştır.

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    Bulut, Hakan; Önçağ, Mehmet Gökhan; Işıksal, Erdal;

    Aim: the purpose of this study was to test in vitro two types of golden brackets (Forever Cold 24K and Forever Cold) and one conventional stainless steel bracket (Mini Master) as control for sliding resistance in combination with nickel-titanium (NiTi) and stainless steel (SS) arch wires in four second-order angulations with respect to factional force values. Materials and Methods: Since there are many factors affecting friction, all tests were performed in a dry environment without ligaturing using an electronic angulations unit and a universal test device. Arch wires were pulled through the slots with a crosshead speed of 7 mm/minute. Results: Statistical analyses showed that the primary effects of all three factors that is namely bracket, wire material and angle were found significant in P<0.05 level. Under existing conditions the NiTi wires produced lower friction than those of SS in alt three bracket types. Forever Gold brackets (.zirconia plated) showed remarkable higher frictional values with NiTi and SS arch wires than the other two bracket types in all four tested angulations (P<0,05): When the four second-order angles was kept constant, although Cold Forever 24K brackets demonstrated lower values with NiTi wires compared with stainless steel brackets there was no statistical significant difference for these two bracket types in terms of their overall frictional resistance (P>Q.05). Conclusion: It should be considered that 24 carat fine gold plated slots in metal brackets or golden slot inseits in esthetic brackets could be effective in reducing frictional forces particularly during leveling stages. (Turkish J Orthod 2010;23:136-150) Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı tipteki altın braketini (Forever Gold 24l0.05). Sonuç: Metal braket slotlarının 24 avar altrn ile kaplanması veya estetik braketlerde altından hazırlanan slot-insertlerin kullanılması sürtünmeyi, özellikle seviyeleme aşamalarında, etkili bir şekilde azaltabilir. (Türk Ortodonti Dergisi 2010;23:136-150)

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    Hüseyin Günerhan; Koray Ülgen; Arif Hepbaşlı;

    Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs), also known as geothermal heat pumps (GHPs), offer an attractive option for both conventional heating and cooling systems because of their higher energy efficiency. GSHPs have been used for about three years in our country. In this regard, these systems have been applied to many residential and a few commercial buildings for heating/cooling purposes. However, in our country, GSHPs have not been manufactured yet and the GSHPs imported from abroad have been used. The energy performance of a GSHP system can be influenced by three primary factors: (i) the heatpump machine (HPM), (ii) the circulating pump (CP) or well pump, and (iii) the ground-coupling (GC) or groundwater well. By taking into account that HPMs have been imported from abroad, the optimal design of CP and GC is very essential. Among the GSHP installations, the cost of the GC accounts for 25-30% of the total cost. The proper design of this GC is needed not only for the efficient operation of the system, but also for its efficiency. In this context, the proper selection of the backfill material placed in the borehole results in decreased bore-length requirements, and reduces the installation costs of GSHPs. In the present study, the important design criteria for the GC heat exchanger, which is the heart of the GCHPs, will be given. The theoretical results will be compared to the experimental results obtained from a vertical GSHP system, which was designed and installed to heat/cool a classroom of the Solar Energy Institute Building of Ege University and has been operated since its installation, representing the first application with a vertical type installation at the university level. Jeotermal ısı pompalan (JIP) olarak da bilinen toprak kaynaklı ısı pompaları (TKIP). daha yüksek enerji kullanım verimleri nedeniyle, geleneksel ısıtma ve soğutma sistemlerine karşı cazip bir seçenek oluşturmaktadır. TKIP'ler, ülkemizde yaklaşık üç yıldır gündemdedir. Bu sistemler; birçok konutta ve birkaç ticari yapıda ısıtma/soğutma amaçlı olarak uygulamaya sokulmuştur. Ancak, ülkemizde, TKIP 'ler henüz imalat aşamasına gelmemiştir ve yurt dışından ithal edilen TKIP'ler kullanılmaktadır. Bir TKJP sisteminin enerji performansına, (a) ısı pompası cihazı (IPC), (b) dolaşım (sirkülasyon) pompası (SP) veya kuyu pompası ve (c) toprak ısı değiştiricisi (TID) veya yeraltı suyu kuyusu olmak üzere üç ana sistem etki eder. IPC'lerin yurt dışından ithal edildiği göz önüne alınırsa, SP'nin ve TID'nin en uygun tasarımı büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ülkemizde kurulan TKIP sistemleri içinde, TID'nin maliyeti, toplam maliyetin %25-30'u kadar olmaktadır. Bu TIP'nin uygun tasarımı; sadece sistemin verimli çalışması için değil, aynı zamanda da verimliliği bakımından gereklidir. Bu çerçevede, TID'lerin etrafına konulan dolgu malzemesinin doğru seçimi; sondaj çukuru derinliğinin azalmasına neden olur ve TKIP'lerin yatırım maliyetini düşürür. Bu çalışmada, TKIP sisteminin "kalbi" olan TID ile ilgili önemli tasarım kriterleri verilecektir. Teorik sonuçlar, Ege Üniversitesi Güneş Enerjisi Enstitüsü binasının bir dersliğinin ısıtılması/soğutulması için tasarlanıp kurulan ve kurulduğundan beri başarıyla çalışan (bu tipte üniversite bazında ilk uygulama), düşey ısı değiştiricili bir TKIP sistemden elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılacaktır.

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    Zafer Bahar Türkyılmaz; Aydın Güney;

    In this research, "natural site" concept as one of the nature conservation instruments in Türkiye, has been examined in Foça coastal town and its environs. "Assessment form of natural areas" was then being prepared for classifying natural areas in order of their importance of conservation. Each land unit with its degree of conservation has been compared to the natural site pursuits in Foça, through which some evaluations could be put forward. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde bir doğa koruma enstrümanı olan "doğal sit" uygulaması Foça örneğinde ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda araştırmada doğal alanların koruma önceliklerine göre sınıflandırılması "doğa koruma alanı değerlendirme formu" aracılığıyla yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle Foça'daki doğal sit uygulamaları karşılaştırılarak değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.

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    Sinan Kara; Tulgar Toros; Gülçin Başdemir; Akın Kapubağlı;

    The free, non-vascularized iliac crest apophyseal graft has been transplanted onto the acetabulum in two different ways. In the first group, which consists of 15 rabbits, the graft has been inserted in the osteotomy line of the innominate bone. In the second group, which also consists of 15 rabbits it has been inserted in a groove expanding to the cancellous bone, which has been prepared on the acetabulum. The progression of the implantation has been evaluated radiologically in the 6th and 10th weeks and histologically at the end of the 10th week. As a conclusion, it has been stated that in the second group, the graft can form a roof with its own growth potential. Also, in the second group, it has been diagnosed that the over-proliferated apophyseal cartilage carries osteochondromatous charac-teristics. Krista iliakaclan alınan serbest, non-vaskülarize apofiz grefti asetabulumun üzerine iki değişik şekilde transplante edilmiştir. Onbeş tavşanı içeren birinci grupta greft innominat kemik osteotomisinin arasına konulmuş, gene 15 tavşanı içeren ikinci grupta greft atesabulum üzerinde hazırlanan ve spongiöz kemiğe kadar uzanan bir oluğun üzerine yerleştirilmiştir. Greftin gelişimi 6 ve 10. haftalarda radyografi k ve 10. hafta sonunda histolojik olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ikinci grupta kıkırdak greftin radyografik ve histolojik olarak asetabulum üzerinde büyüme yeteneğine sahip bir çatı oluşturabileceği belirlen-miştir. Gene ikinci grupta iki kalçada aşırı prolifere olan apofiz kıkırdağının osteokondromatöz özellik taşıdığı görülmüştür.

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    N. Emel Lüleci; Fethi Doğan;

    The aim of this study is to establish the knowledge about diarrhea and hygiene and the behavior and actions of mothers who live in border regions of the city, which continiously receive immigranants from provinces and have a lower social, economic and cultural level. 220 (90,5%) of 243 mothers who are registered in the clinics of Yeşilçam village in Bornova, have been visited in their houses by a public surway and have responded to a questionnary. 13,6% of mothers could not describe "diarrhea" and the descriptions of 11,8 % were wrong. 74,5% of the mothers had correct answers and 13,8% had not any informations about the nourishment of a child who suffers from diarrhea. Bu çalışma, sürekli göç alan, düşük sosyoekonomik ve kültürel düzeye sahip bir yerleşim yerinde annelerin ishal ve sanitasyon konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Bornova, Yeşilçam Köyü Sağlık Ocağı'na kayıtlı 0-4 yaş çocuğu olan 243 anneden 220'sine (%90,5) ev ziyaretleri ile ulaşıldı ve amaca uygun anket, yüzyüze görüşme tekniği ile uygulandı. Annelerin, %13,6 sı ishali tanımlayamadığı, %11,8'i de yanlış tanımladığı, ishalli çocuğun nasıl besleneceğini % 74,57 doğru, %11,8'i yanlış bildiği, %13,6'sının bilmediği saptandı.

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    Çağ Çal; Derya Keskin; Mustafa Delibaş; Refik Killi; +2 Authors

    En sık görülen erişkin primer böbrek tümörü olan renal adenokarsinomun klinik olarak doğru evrelendirilebilmesi, uygulanacak cerrahi tedavinin şeklinin ve sınırlarının belirlenmesi için önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, böbrek tümörlerinde bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) ile yapılan klinik evrelemenin histopatolojik evre ile uyumunu belirlemektir. Renal kitle tanısıyla opere edilen 44 olgu retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Klinik ve patolojik evreler karşılaştırıldı. 44 olgudan klinik olarak 34 olguda evre I, 5 olguda evre II ve 5 olguda evre III tümör belirlendi. BT ile evre I hastalık olarak değerlendirilen 4 olgudan, üçünde patolojik olarak evre II ve birinde evre III tümör saptandı. Klinik olarak evre II tümörlü bir olguda ise evre III tümör görüldü. BT ile yapılan klinik evrelemenin evre I, evre II ve evre III tümörlerde histopatolojik evreyle uyumu sırasıyla %88.2, %80 ve %100 olarak belirlendi. Fakat evre II ve evre III tümörlü olgu sayısı bu evrelerdeki oranların güvenilirliği için yeterli değildir. Tüm evrelerde BT evrelemesinin doğruluğu %88.6 olarak bulundu. BT renal hücreli karsinomun evrelemesinde akılcı bir seçenektir ve klinik ve patolojik evreler arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamaktadır. Renal adenocarcinoma is the most common primary kidney tumor in adults. Clinically accurate staging of the tumor is important because the type of surgical approach is related with the extension of the tumor. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy of clinical staging in kidney tumors with computerized tomography (CT). 44 patients operated renal mass in our clinic, were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical and pathological stages were compared. Clinically, 34 of 44 patients were stage I, 5 patients were stage II and 5 patients were stage III. 3 out of 4 patients who were classified as stage I with CT were staged as stage II and the remaining one was stage III pathologically. One of the 5 patients who were clinically stage II was staged as III pathologically. Staging accuracy of CT in stage I, stage II and stage III patients is 88.2%, 80% and 100% respectively. However the number of patients with stage II and stage III is not enough for reliable evaluation. Overall staging accuracy with CT is found to be 88.6%. In conclusion, CT is a reliable method in staging of renal cell carcinoma and the difference between clinical and pathological stages is not significant.

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    Dumanoğlu, Zeynep; Geren, Hakan;

    To evaluate the influence of different N and P levels on the productivity of amaranth, a pot experiment under outdoor condition was conducted on a amaranth genotype (cv. Don Juan) with five nitrogen (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg·ha-1) and three phosphor levels (0, 50, 100 kg·ha-1). Some traits tested in the experiment were plant height, harvest index and grain yield, crude protein content and weight of thousand grain. Results indicated that increasing N and P levels positively affected above mentioned traits compared to the control, and the highest grain yield for amaranth obtained from 100 kg P and 150 kg N application per hectare. Farklı azot ve fosfor seviyelerinin horozibiği verimliliği üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için “Don Juan” isimli horozibiği genotipinde, beş azot (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 kg/da) ve üç fosfor (0, 5, 10 kg/da) seviyesinin araştırıldığı bir saksı denemesi dış ortamda yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bitki boyu, hasat indeksi, tane verimi, tane ham protein oranı ve 1000 tane ağırlığı gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, kontrol uygulamasına göre artan N ve P seviyelerinin verim ve verim unsurlarını olumlu yönde etkilediğini ve en yüksek tane veriminin dekara 10 kg P ve 15 kg Nuygulamasından alındığını göstermiştir.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
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    Kaan Kavaklı; Nazan Çetingül; Mehmet Kantar; Yeşim Aydınok; +3 Authors

    İmmun trombositopenik purpura (İTP), çocuklardaki trombositopeninin ve buna bağlı kanama komplikasyonlarının sık rastlanan bir nedenidir. İTP, genellikle akut ve %80 oranında birkaç haftada spontan ve tam bir iyileşme gösterirken olguların yaklaşık %10'u kronikleşme eğilimindedir. Yüksek doz steroid ve intravenöz immun globulin uygulamasına refrakter olan akut İTP olgularının tedavisi günlük pratikte önemli bir sorun oluştururken böyle olguların tedavisine ilişkin eldeki veriler son derece azdır. Bu yazıda, akut dönemdeki rutin tedavi yaklaşımlarına refrakter olan İTP'Iİ bir sütçocuğunda uyguladığımız siklosporin A tedavisine aldığımız olumlu yanıt sunulmaktadır. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (İTP), is a common cause of thrombocytopenia and related bleeding complications in childhood. Complete and spontaneous recovery is observed within in several weeks in %80 of the ITP cases, however approximately %10 of the cases tend to become chronic. The treatment of acute ITP cases which are refractory to high dose steroids and intravenous immunglobuline is an important problem. Data available concerning the treatment of such cases are very few. In this article, the result of cyclosporin-A treatment in an infant with ITP which is refractory to the acute therapy protocols is reported.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Zafer Tosunoglu; Adnan Tokaç; Altan Lök; Cengiz Metin;

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Ege University Insti...arrow_drop_down
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