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The focus of this project is the five-towered Church of Our Lady in Kalundborg, Denmark, which was built somewhere within the time span of 1170-1225 by members of one of the country’s ruling elite groupings, the so called ‘Hvide family’. It is asked how the construction and design of this unique church can be explained in relation to the elite’s political culture of that era, and in relation to the crusading ideology that appears to have affected the aspirations of elite communities all over Western Europe during the High Middle Ages. The church is seen as a part in a whole, made up of the elite’s political culture and crusading ideology. As such the church is a source of knowledge about the two latter. Conversely, this whole also serves as a source of information about the church, as it provides a context of interpretation. These layers of part and context are connected using the tools of interpretation provided by the theoretical fields, spatial turn and symbolische Kommunikation. These are believed to be useful approaches in the interpretation of the highly ritualistic and symbolic nature of society at that time. By putting the church and its appearance in its political context, as well as the context of its physical surroundings, it is found that the functionality and symbolism of the church seem to be intertwined in reproducing the idea of a God given basis for the power of the local ruler. Furthermore, at this time the bay at the foot of Kalundborg served as the point of departure for the battle fleet. Adding to this the vivid symbolism of the church and the fact the highly ranking members of the ‘Hvide’-grouping in question, seem to have strived to establish themselves as Christians warriors, it is found to be relevant interpreting the church’s construction and design in the context of elite crusading aspirations.

Two of the ten priorities chosen by the 2014 European Commission were called “Energy Union and Climate” and “EU as a Global Actor”. While the Commission refers to these issues separately, this project aims to show the interlinkages between the two, arguing that the proposed Energy Union has a significant impact on the EU’s capabilities to emerge as a Global Actor. Three predominant readings (Great Power Europe, Civilian Power Europe and Normative Power Europe) on the EU’s Global Actorness are contrasted with the proposal and recent events on the EU energy security field.

En analyse af dokumentaren Mordet på Jannick med fokus på genrer og virkemidler.

I dette projekt undersøges engelsktalende danskeres sprogattituder angående forskellige former for engelsk. Undersøgelsen udspringer af en fælles interesse for sprogattituder, samt ideen om at nye sprogattituder er ved at forme sig i kraft af stigende globalisering, nationalismens genkomst, samt et vedvarende og tiltagende engelsk sprogbrug i Danmark. Problemformulering lyder således: Hvilke fremkomne attituder i forhold til forskellige former for engelsk findes der i Danmark, og hvad siger disse om stereotyper angående overlegenhed, attraktion og dynamik i engelsk kommunikation? Ud over en række underspørgsmål, arbejdes der yderligere med hypotesen om at den tiltagende nationalisme (ind- så vel som udenlands) muligvis har medvirket til at gøre den danske variant af engelsk mere accepteret, eller måske endda foretrukket. Teoriafsnittet indeholder teoretisk begrebsafklaring, samt gennemgange af teoretiske emner som Standardisering i Sprog, Attituder i forhold til Sprogvariation, baseret på udvalgte værker af forskere som Jennifer Jenkins og Peter Garrett, blandt andre. Metodisk valgtes en kvantitativ tilgang. Dette i form af en spørgeskemaundersøgelse med spørgsmål baseret på skalaer der skulle belyse de spurgtes holdninger i forhold til parametrene overlegenhed, attraktion og dynamik. Ud over at fastslå data som alder, køn og så videre, drejer spørgsmålene sig om i hvilken grad de forskellige varianter af engelsk egner sig som togannoncører. Disse valgte varianter var tre indfødte: Received Pronunciation, General American og skotsk engelsk, samt tre ikke-indfødte varianter: tanzanisk engelsk, indisk engelsk og dansk engelsk. Spørgeskemaet blev udleveret via sociale medier, samt gennem personlige kontakter blandt stab på enkelte gymnasier. Dette gav et samlet antal på 54 svarsæt, hvoraf to tredjedele var 15-20 år gamle, og den sidste tredjedel over 40. Resultaterne af analysen af de adspurgtes svar viste en positive rangering af dansk engelsk. Blandt den ældre gruppe var RP den fortrukne variant, mens DE fik en anden plads på alle spørgsmål. Modsat var den yngre gruppe mere begejstret for GA end RP, hvor DE ligeledes lå umiddelbart efter favoritten. Tanzanisk og indisk engelsk var ikke agtet særligt højt. Disse resultater ledte til en diskussion om sprogattituder og sprogbrug i Danmark, samt stereotype anskuelser af bestemte varianter af engelsk. Den overordnede konklusion lyder på at specifikke stereotyper var at spore i svarene, især i forhold til indisk og skotsk engelsk, samt RP. Både GA og RP var vurderet langt mere positivt end tanzanisk og indisk engelsk (og skotsk, på de fleste spørgsmål). I lyset af at dansk engelsk var den højest vurderet generelt, kan det formodes at denne variant er ved at blive mere accepteret i Danmark. This project investigates language attitudes toward varieties of native and non-native English among Danes in Denmark. The investigation derives from a common interest in language attitudes, but also from the fact that increasing globalisation, the (re)emergence of nationalism, and a continuing and increasing use of English in Denmark, may have led to new language attitudes being formed. The leading question has been, “What are the emerging attitudes towards native and nonnative varieties of English in Denmark and what do they reveal about stereotypes pertaining to superiority, attractiveness and dynamism for communication in English?”. In addition to a number of research questions, a hypothesis has been put forward that given the increased interest in national identity (in Denmark, but also abroad), the Danish variety of English may have become more respected, or has even earned prestige. The theory section contains descriptions of terminology and an outline of theories such as Standardisation in Language and Attitudes Towards Language Variation, based on selected works by Jennifer Jenkins and Peter Garrett, among others. Methodologically, we chose a quantitative approach. More specifically, a survey with questions based on the semantic differential scales of superiority, attractiveness and dynamism. The selected varieties were three native Englishes: Received Pronunciation, General American and Scottish English, and three non-native varieties: Tanzanian English, Indian English and Danish English. The survey was distributed via social media, as well as through personal contacts at Danish high schools. This gave us a final count of 54 respondents; two thirds were young people between ages 15 and 20, and one third were above forty years of age. The results of the analyses pointed to a positive rating of Danish English. Among the older group, RP was the favoured native variety, while DE was rated in second place on all questions. In the younger group, however, GA was the favoured native variety, while only DE rated higher. The non-native varieties of Tanzanian and Indian English were both rated rather poorly. These results lead to a discussion of the changing landscape of English language use and attitude in Denmark, as well as stereotypes pertaining to the selected varieties of English. The overall conclusion of the project, was that certain stereotypes were prevalent, especially in regard to Indian and Scottish English, as well as RP. The native varieties of GA and RP were rated far above Tanzanian and Indian English (as well as Scottish English on most scales). Considering Danish English was rated overall most favourably, it stands to reason this variety is seeing a rise in acceptance in Denmark.

Today there are almost no limits that humans can’t achieve via technology; and in this context, the scenario and the possibility of designing the perfect man is getting more and more realistic. Some people think that the research in embryo technologies and prenatal diagnosis will become more unethical in the future. Fearing we will no longer only solely use the technologies for the treatment of serious diseases, but also to change normal properties thus designing the ‘perfect man’. Our opinion is that there is not enough information on the development of the technology and which possibilities it gives us. In this project we have devised a campaign, which have the purpose to inform woman in the age range of 20-40. The purpose of the campaign is not only to inform, we also hope to begin an ethical debate amongst our target audience. We will get inspiration from another already existent campaign, to draw parallels between our campaigns and make some experience towards our own. Through this we will design a creative campaign containing: a webpage, a debate board game, a personal e-mail and stickers. These campaign strategies contain our purpose of the campaign, which is to inform the target audience and to make them consider: if man shall become the masters of evolution. We will therefore provide our campaign message, which is that technology genetic engineering is evolving in a direction, that we believe people should consider.

Monocultures of marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis suecica are often used as fodder for copepods, which are then fed to fish in recirculating aquatic systems. It has been shown that by feeding copepods on a mixed algal diet growth is often greater than when each of the species of the diet is fed individually. In our study the effects of different light intensities (10-200 μmol photons m-2 s-1) on growth performance and FA profile (with emphasis on polyunsaturated FAs) of the mixed culture of I. galbana and T. suecica, grown in batch cultures under laboratory conditions were compared with those in monoculture conditions. The maximum specific growth rates reached for I. galbana, T. suecica and mixed culture were 0,576 day-1 (80 μmol photons m-2 s-1), 1.008 (60/100 μmol photons m-2 s-1) and 0,216 day-1 (5 different light irradiances), respectively. The increase in growth rate of T. suecica along the increasing irradiances was more significant than that of I. galbana and the mixed culture which had the lowest growth rate of all three. Growth became light saturated at 60 μmol photons m-2 s-1 for I. galbana and T. suecica, whereas growth rate of mixed culture was almost stable after 20 μmol photons m-2 s-1. T. suecica grew more efficiently and seemed to suppress the natural growth of I. galbana in the mixed experiment with increasing light irradiance. T. suecica can be therefore considered as the dominant species. FA productivity was lowest in I. galbana at all light intensities. T. suecica yielded the highest FA productivity among the three cultures at 10, 20, 80 and 100 μmol photons m-2 s-1 and mixed culture at all other light irradiances. The greater docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was found in I. galbana, whereas T. suecica contained greater concentrations of αLinolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The content of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) essential to copepods were increasing with increasing light intensity for I. galbana and T. suecica (P-value<0,05). In the mixed culture DHA was abundant at low light intensities, whereas greater concentrations of ALA, LA and EPA were achieved above 60 μmol photons m-2 s-1 and simultaneously DHA was reduced to insignificant amounts. All in all, our conclusion is that it is better to grow monocultures of I. galbana and T. suecica at their most optimal growth conditions separately and use a mix of both as ideal feed for copepods instead of growing them in a mixed culture.