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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Čechurová, Monika; Preis, Jiří;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Novotná, Marie;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Navrátilová Jitka;

    Popularizační text poukazuje na obtíže, které musí zažívat děti v důsledku uvěznění rodičů. Popularizační text poukazuje na obtíže, které musí zažívat děti v důsledku uvěznění rodičů. The popularization text highlights the difficulties that children must experience as a result of their parents' imprisonment.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Univerzitní repozitá...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Toušek, Laco; Budilová, Lenka J.; Fatková, Gabriela; Hejnal, Ondřej; +3 Authors
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Navrátilová Jitka;

    Článek poukazuje na složitost situace dětí, u nichž je alespoň jeden z rodičů ve vězení. Tyto děti musí na straně jedné zvládat závažné důsledky, které na ně dopadají v souvislosti s uvězněním jejich rodičů a na straně druhé zakouší důsledky nezájmu o jejich osud ze strany odborné i laické veřejnosti. Článek poukazuje na složitost situace dětí, u nichž je alespoň jeden z rodičů ve vězení. Tyto děti musí na straně jedné zvládat závažné důsledky, které na ně dopadají v souvislosti s uvězněním jejich rodičů a na straně druhé zakouší důsledky nezájmu o jejich osud ze strany odborné i laické veřejnosti. The article highlights the complexity of the situation of children with at least one parent in prison. On the one hand, these children have to cope with the serious consequences of their parents' imprisonment and, on the other hand, they experience the consequences of the lack of interest in their fate on the part of the professional and lay public.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Univerzitní repozitá...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Cígler Hynek;

    Ve válečném roce 1940 publikovala Britská společnost pro pokrok ve vědě závěrečný report tzv. Fergusonovy komise (Ferguson et al., 1940). Ta zasedala již od roku 1932 a zabývala se otázkou, jestli je možné kvantifikovat senzorické počitky – tedy jinými slovy, zda je vůbec možné měření psychických jevů. Přestože se komise shodla jen v tom, že se v žádném z ohledů neshodne, její výsledky znamenaly zcela zásadní ránu pro měření v psychologii a tedy i pro psychologii jako empirickou vědu. Šlo nicméně o jeden z klíčových impulzů pro Stevensovu (1946) reprezentační teorii měření, která je dodnes základním pilířem klasické testové teorie a tedy i drtivé většiny „kvantifikací“ v psychologii a sociálních vědách. Přestože Fergusonova komise ovlivnila psychologii na desítky let, její zjištění byla postupně zametaná pod koberec, až se dostala prakticky na propadliště dějin mimo hlavní proud současné psychologie. Její závěry jsou však stále vysoce relevantní, na čemž nic nemění ani to, že jsme nad podstatou měření v běžné praxi přestali uvažovat. Kdo by se tím taky zalamoval, když stačí sečíst položky v dotazníku či testu a hned víme, jak si klient vede. Pokud však lze pro účely praktické diagnostiky celý problém do jisté míry ignorovat, jeho řešení je naprosto nezbytné pro zkoumání psychologických konstruktů a pro rozvoj psychologie jako vědní disciplíny. To, že skóry psychologických měřicích nástrojů mají číselnou povahu a že s nimi zacházíme jako s čísly, totiž pořád ještě neznamená, že ve skutečnosti jde o čísla. Respektive: naše skóry čísly jsou i nejsou zároveň podobně. Psychologové si proto musí klást ty správné otázky: existuje latentní proměnná, kterou měříme – a potřebujeme či chceme, aby existovala? Jaká je její povaha? K čemu nám měření slouží? Do jaké míry jsou naše výsledky čísly? Kde se ta čísla vzala? Ve svém příspěvku popíšu, proč jsou závěry Fergusonovy komise stále aktuální. Zdůvodním, proč si chceme výše položené otázky stále klást, a vysvětlím, proč odpovědi neexistují. Nakonec naznačím směr, kudy se psychologie může ubírat, aby tento paradox vyřešila. In the war year 1940, the British Society for the Advancement of Science published the final report of the so-called Ferguson committee (Ferguson et al., 1940). This had been meeting since 1932 and had been concerned with the question of whether it was possible to quantify sensory responses - in other words, whether it was possible to measure psychological phenomena at all. Although the committee agreed only that it was not in agreement on any of the issues, its results were a quite fundamental blow to measurement in psychology and thus to psychology as an empirical science. It was, however, one of the key impetuses for Stevens's (1946) representational theory of measurement, which is still a cornerstone of the Classical Test Theory and thus of the vast majority of "quantification" in psychology and the social sciences. Although the Ferguson committee influenced psychology for decades, its findings were gradually swept under the rug. Its findings are still highly relevant, however, and this is not changed by the fact that we have stopped thinking about the nature of measurement in everyday practice. Who would be stumped by it either, when all we have to do is add up the items in a questionnaire or test and we know immediately how the client is doing. However, if the whole problem can be ignored to some extent for the purposes of practical assessment, its solution is absolutely essential for the study of psychological constructs and for the development of psychology as a discipline. The fact that the scores of psychological measurement instruments are numerical in nature and that we treat them as numbers still does not mean that they are in fact numbers. Respectively: our scores are and are not numbers at the same time. Psychologists must therefore ask the right questions: is there a latent variable that we are measuring - and do we need or want it to exist? What is its nature? What purpose does measurement serve us? To what extent are our results numbers? Where did the numbers come from? In my talk, I will describe why the Ferguson Commission's conclusions are still relevant. I will justify why we still want to ask the aforesaid questions, and explain why there are no answers. Finally, I will suggest a direction that psychology can take to resolve this paradox.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Univerzitní repozitá...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Wančová, Nina;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ CU Research Publicat...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Novotná, Marie; Matušková, Alena; Rousová, Magdalena;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Vyčítalová, Anna;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Hejduková, Pavlína;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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17 Research products
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Čechurová, Monika; Preis, Jiří;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Novotná, Marie;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Navrátilová Jitka;

    Popularizační text poukazuje na obtíže, které musí zažívat děti v důsledku uvěznění rodičů. Popularizační text poukazuje na obtíže, které musí zažívat děti v důsledku uvěznění rodičů. The popularization text highlights the difficulties that children must experience as a result of their parents' imprisonment.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Univerzitní repozitá...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Toušek, Laco; Budilová, Lenka J.; Fatková, Gabriela; Hejnal, Ondřej; +3 Authors
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Digital Library Univ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Navrátilová Jitka;

    Článek poukazuje na složitost situace dětí, u nichž je alespoň jeden z rodičů ve vězení. Tyto děti musí na straně jedné zvládat závažné důsledky, které na ně dopadají v souvislosti s uvězněním jejich rodičů a na straně druhé zakouší důsledky nezájmu o jejich osud ze strany odborné i laické veřejnosti. Článek poukazuje na složitost situace dětí, u nichž je alespoň jeden z rodičů ve vězení. Tyto děti musí na straně jedné zvládat závažné důsledky, které na ně dopadají v souvislosti s uvězněním jejich rodičů a na straně druhé zakouší důsledky nezájmu o jejich osud ze strany odborné i laické veřejnosti. The article highlights the complexity of the situation of children with at least one parent in prison. On the one hand, these children have to cope with the serious consequences of their parents' imprisonment and, on the other hand, they experience the consequences of the lack of interest in their fate on the part of the professional and lay public.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Univerzitní repozitá...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Cígler Hynek;

    Ve válečném roce 1940 publikovala Britská společnost pro pokrok ve vědě závěrečný report tzv. Fergusonovy komise (Ferguson et al., 1940). Ta zasedala již od roku 1932 a zabývala se otázkou, jestli je možné kvantifikovat senzorické počitky – tedy jinými slovy, zda je vůbec možné měření psychických jevů. Přestože se komise shodla jen v tom, že se v žádném z ohledů neshodne, její výsledky znamenaly zcela zásadní ránu pro měření v psychologii a tedy i pro psychologii jako empirickou vědu. Šlo nicméně o jeden z klíčových impulzů pro Stevensovu (1946) reprezentační teorii měření, která je dodnes základním pilířem klasické testové teorie a tedy i drtivé většiny „kvantifikací“ v psychologii a sociálních vědách. Přestože Fergusonova komise ovlivnila psychologii na desítky let, její zjištění byla postupně zametaná pod koberec, až se dostala prakticky na propadliště dějin mimo hlavní proud současné psychologie. Její závěry jsou však stále vysoce relevantní, na čemž nic nemění ani to, že jsme nad podstatou měření v běžné praxi přestali uvažovat. Kdo by se tím taky zalamoval, když stačí sečíst položky v dotazníku či testu a hned víme, jak si klient vede. Pokud však lze pro účely praktické diagnostiky celý problém do jisté míry ignorovat, jeho řešení je naprosto nezbytné pro zkoumání psychologických konstruktů a pro rozvoj psychologie jako vědní disciplíny. To, že skóry psychologických měřicích nástrojů mají číselnou povahu a že s nimi zacházíme jako s čísly, totiž pořád ještě neznamená, že ve skutečnosti jde o čísla. Respektive: naše skóry čísly jsou i nejsou zároveň podobně. Psychologové si proto musí klást ty správné otázky: existuje latentní proměnná, kterou měříme – a potřebujeme či chceme, aby existovala? Jaká je její povaha? K čemu nám měření slouží? Do jaké míry jsou naše výsledky čísly? Kde se ta čísla vzala? Ve svém příspěvku popíšu, proč jsou závěry Fergusonovy komise stále aktuální. Zdůvodním, proč si chceme výše položené otázky stále klást, a vysvětlím, proč odpovědi neexistují. Nakonec naznačím směr, kudy se psychologie může ubírat, aby tento paradox vyřešila. In the war year 1940, the British Society for the Advancement of Science published the final report of the so-called Ferguson committee (Ferguson et al., 1940). This had been meeting since 1932 and had been concerned with the question of whether it was possible to quantify sensory responses - in other words, whether it was possible to measure psychological phenomena at all. Although the committee agreed only that it was not in agreement on any of the issues, its results were a quite fundamental blow to measurement in psychology and thus to psychology as an empirical science. It was, however, one of the key impetuses for Stevens's (1946) representational theory of measurement, which is still a cornerstone of the Classical Test Theory and thus of the vast majority of "quantification" in psychology and the social sciences. Although the Ferguson committee influenced psychology for decades, its findings were gradually swept under the rug. Its findings are still highly relevant, however, and this is not changed by the fact that we have stopped thinking about the nature of measurement in everyday practice. Who would be stumped by it either, when all we have to do is add up the items in a questionnaire or test and we know immediately how the client is doing. However, if the whole problem can be ignored to some extent for the purposes of practical assessment, its solution is absolutely essential for the study of psychological constructs and for the development of psychology as a discipline. The fact that the scores of psychological measurement instruments are numerical in nature and that we treat them as numbers still does not mean that they are in fact numbers. Respectively: our scores are and are not numbers at the same time. Psychologists must therefore ask the right questions: is there a latent variable that we are measuring - and do we need or want it to exist? What is its nature? What purpose does measurement serve us? To what extent are our results numbers? Where did the numbers come from? In my talk, I will describe why the Ferguson Commission's conclusions are still relevant. I will justify why we still want to ask the aforesaid questions, and explain why there are no answers. Finally, I will suggest a direction that psychology can take to resolve this paradox.

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    Wančová, Nina;
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    Novotná, Marie; Matušková, Alena; Rousová, Magdalena;
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    Vyčítalová, Anna;
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    Hejduková, Pavlína;
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