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Dendrochronological research project

Dendrochronological research project

Dendrochronological research project

Dendrochronological research project

Dendrochronological research project

Dendrochronological research project

Dendrochronological research project

Pride is seen as both a self-conscious emotion as well as a social emotion. These categories are not mutually exclusive, but have brought forth different ideas about pride as either revolving around the self or as revolving around one’s relationship with others. Current measures of pride do not include intrapersonal elements of pride experiences. Social comparisons, which often cause experiences of pride, contain three elements: the self, the relationship between the self and another person, and the other person. From the literature on pride, we distilled three related elements; perceptions and feelings of self-inflation, other-distancing, and other-devaluation. In four studies, we explored whether these elements were present in pride experiences. We did so at an implicit (Experiment 1; N = 218) and explicit level (Experiment 2; N = 125), in an academic setting with in vivo (Experiment 3; N = 203) and imagined pride experiences (Experiment 4; N = 126). The data consistently revealed that the experience of pride is characterized by selfinflation, not by other-distancing nor other-devaluation. DSA Proof. - Universe: The data was collected from first year Psychology students at Tilburg University.

Dendrochronological research project

Objective: To investigate the influence of patient characteristics on the course of spinal radiographic progression in a large prospective longitudinal cohort study of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients treated long-term with TNF-�� inhibitors. Methods: Consecutive patients from the Groningen Leeuwarden AS (GLAS) cohort starting TNF-�� inhibitors with spinal radiographs at least available at baseline and 6 years of follow-up were included. Radiographs were scored using mSASSS by two independent readers. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to explore the associations between baseline characteristics and spinal radiographic progression. The course of radiographic progression in patients with and without risk factors for poor radiographic outcome was investigated using different time models (linear and non-linear). Single linear imputation was used in case of missing radiographic data at the intermediate (2 or 4 years) follow-up visits. Results: 80 AS patients were included with mean baseline mSASSS 8.7��13.3. Baseline syndesmophytes, male gender, older age, longer symptom duration, smoking, and higher BMI were significantly associated with more radiographic damage over time. GEE analysis in patients with these risk factors revealed that radiographic progression followed a non-linear course with mean mSASSS progression rates reducing from max. 2.8 units over 0-2 years to min. 0.9 units over 4-6 years. The GEE model revealed a linear course with overall very low progression (���1 mSASSS units/2yrs) in patients without risk factors. Complete case analysis in 53 patients showed similar results. Conclusion: AS patients at risk of poor radiographic outcome showed the highest but diminishing spinal radiographic progression during long-term treatment with TNF-�� inhibitors.