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EVs count and characterization by NTA and Flow cytometry. Variables are expressed as minimum, first quartile, median, third quartile, maximum. (PDF 343Â kb)

Transcriptional expression of DUX4 target genes and the PCDHγ cluster in SMCHD1 KD 4qB cell lines. RNA expression analysis of (A) the DUX4 target genes ZSCAN4 and LEUTX in primary myotubes and the PCDHγ cluster isoform members in primary (B) myoblast and (C) myotube cells after SMCHD1 shRNA KD or control shRNA KD targeting luciferase and GFP. Results represent qRT-PCR analysis of the indicated gene after normalization to the internal control gene GUS1. For each gene, the value of expression in control shRNA samples was then arbitrarily set to 1. *Bonferroni adjusted P 

WWWforEurope Working Paper No. 11, 35 Pages High inter-country variability characterises the responsiveness of both output to (exogenous) shocks and employment to output contractions. We argue that intercountry differences in firm-size distributions contribute to explaining this variability. Within an open economy model, we show that competitive selection processes are an important channel through which a shock affects aggregate employment. Intra-industry selection is then shown to influence the effectiveness of active labour market policies in countering the employment and welfare effects of a negative shock. We estimate a measure of the shape parameter of firm size distribution and study its effect on the employment-output relationship for a number of OECD countries. Our results confirm the key predictions of the theory.

Primer sequences for qPCR. Primers were custom designed and validated by PrimerDesign Ltd. (Southampton, UK). Figure S1. The effect of a low dose of LPS on locomotor activity at 24 and 48 h post-challenge in naïve mice. Naïve animals were subjected to a single dose of LPS (0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg) or vehicle injection and were tested at 24 or 48 h post-injection. (A) Neither the resting time was unaltered by the treatment in the TruScan open field nor (B) rearing in the novel cage test for the total number of rear. (C–E) Aggressive behaviour was also unaltered. Data are mean ± SEM, two-way ANOVA throughout. Figure S2. (A, B) Body weight in the chronic stress experiment. Experimental groups were balanced upon baseline mean values of body weight measured 7 days prior the start of the chronic stress experiment and LPS challenge. Mice exposed to chronic stress had a significant reduction in body weight as compared with baseline measurements (*p 0.05, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test; see the text). (F) Naïve and stressed animals (10 days) were challenged with a single dose of LPS (0.1 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline) and tested 24 h thereafter in a novel cage test for total number of rears (see the text). Data are mean ± SEM. No differences between the groups were observed. Figure S3. (A–C) Baseline behaviour in a resident-intruder test. Experimental groups were balanced upon baseline mean scores of behaviours in a resident-intruder test that were studied 7 days prior the experimental chronic stress procedure and LPS challenge. Mice had similar mean measures of (A) latency to attack, (B) number of attack and (C )duration of crawl over behaviour. (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test; see the text). (D) The latency to attack after the chronic stress was not significantly altered.

We study the type-I seesaw model with three right-handed neutrinos and Majorana masses below the pion mass. In this mass range, the model parameter space is not only strongly constrained by the requirement to explain the light neutrino masses, but also by experimental searches and cosmological considerations. In the existing literature, three disjoint regions of potentially viable parameter space have been identified. In one of them, all heavy neutrinos decay shortly before big bang nucleosynthesis. In the other two regions, one of the heavy neutrinos either decays between BBN and the CMB decoupling or is quasi-stable. We show that previously unaccounted constraints from photodisintegration of nuclei practically rule out all relevant decays that happen between BBN and the CMB decoupling. Quite remarkably, if all heavy neutrinos decay before BBN, the baryon asymmetry of the universe can be quite generically explained by low-scale leptogenesis, i.e. without further tuning in addition to what is needed to avoid experimental and cosmological constraints. This motivates searches for heavy neutrinos in pion decay experiments. Journal of high energy physics 01(1), 200 (2021). doi:10.1007/JHEP01(2021)200 Published by SISSA, [Trieste]

IN03185 Tammannǟgala Moonstone Inscription - Transcript and Translation Source: Paranavitana, S. (1934–41). ‘No. 17. Seven Sinhalese Inscriptions of the Seventh and Eighth Centuries,’ Epigraphia Zeylanica 4, pp. 148–149, no. 17, VI.

Differential methylation with respect to age and time of cancer diagnosis. [A] Time to diagnosis compared to age at blood sample collection, the line represent the least squares regression fit. [B] Unadjusted DNA methylation values at cg02444695 (near SASH1) in affected individuals (red) and healthy co-twins (blue), shown with respect to age at blood sample collection (years) with smooth (LOESS) lines fitted for both groups. [Câ F] Unadjusted DNA methylation values in affected individuals (red) and healthy co-twins (blue), shown with respect to time of diagnosis (years) with smooth (LOESS) lines fitted for both groups with blood samples collected 5 to 11Â years before cancer diagnosis. The orange and black vertical lines represent the time of diagnosis and time window of the main study respectively. At [C] cg0244695 near SASH1, [D] cg26079695 in COL11A2, [E] cg27094856 in AXL, and [F] cg21046959 in LINC00340. (PDF 185Â kb)

We consider the problem of computing optimal linear control policies for linear systems in finite-horizon. The states and the inputs are required to remain inside pre-specified safety sets at all times despite unknown disturbances. In this technical note, we focus on the requirement that the control policy is distributed, in the sense that it can only be based on partial information about the history of the outputs. It is well-known that when a condition denoted as Quadratic Invariance (QI) holds, the optimal distributed control policy can be computed in a tractable way. Our goal is to unify and generalize the class of information structures over which quadratic invariance is equivalent to a test over finitely many binary matrices. The test we propose certifies convexity of the output-feedback distributed control problem in finite-horizon given any arbitrarily defined information structure, including the cases of time varying communication networks and forgetting mechanisms. Furthermore, the framework we consider allows for including polytopic constraints on the states and the inputs in a natural way, without affecting convexity. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 64 (12) ISSN:1558-2523 ISSN:0018-9286

Measurements of the second Fourier harmonic coefficient (v2) of the azimuthal distributions of prompt and nonprompt D0 mesons produced in pp and pPb collisions are presented. Nonprompt D0 mesons come from beauty hadron decays. The data samples are collected by the CMS experiment at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 13 and 8.16 TeV, respectively. In high multiplicity pp collisions, v2 signals for prompt charm hadrons are reported for the first time, and are found to be comparable to those for light-flavor hadron species over a transverse momentum (pT) range of 2–6 GeV. Compared at similar event multiplicities, the prompt D0 meson v2 values in pp and pPb collisions are similar in magnitude. The v2 values for open beauty hadrons are extracted for the first time via nonprompt D0 mesons in pPb collisions. For pT in the range of 2–5 GeV, the results suggest that v2 for nonprompt D0 mesons is smaller than that for prompt D0 mesons. These new measurements indicate a positive charm hadron v2 in pp collisions and suggest a mass dependence in v2 between charm and beauty hadrons in the pPb system. These results provide insights into the origin of heavy-flavor quark collectivity in small systems. Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 752730, and 765710 (European Union); CERN; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias. CMS Collaboration: et al. Funded by SCOAP3. Peer reviewed