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Laser-plasma technology has the potential to provide compact sources of bright femtosecond X-ray, which may soon serve as an alternative to their conventional counterparts. Proof-of- principle experiments have impressively demonstrated the sources’ prospects, yet the po...

This thesis deals with the study of granular media composed of soft particles. It relies on the one hand on the method of Digital Image Correlation(DIC) and on the other hand, on simulations coupling the Finite Element Method and the Contact Dynamics method, taking into...

L'IRM cardiovasculaire, malgré son émergence récente, occupe une place de plus en plus importante en routine clinique. Elle se distingue des autres modalités d'imagerie par son innocuité, son excellente résolution spatiale, son bon contraste et par sa capacité d'imager ...

Membres du Jury: P.Labastie (LCAR Toulouse, France) :président B.Huber (Ciril,Caen,France) :rapporteur F.Martin (UAM, Madrid, Espagne) :Rapporteur M.Farizon (IPNL, Lyon, France) S.Martin (LASIM, Lyon, France) P.Moretto-Capelle (LCAR, Toulouse) :Dir. de thèse; A quantita...

The Spectral Clustering consists in creating, from the spectral elements of a Gaussian affinity matrix, a low-dimension space in which data are grouped into clusters. This unsupervised method is mainly based on Gaussian affinity measure, its parameter and its spectral e...

Obtenue avec la mention très honorable avec les félicitations du jury à l'unanimité; Based on a 4-year ethnography conducted in a GEM ("groupe d'entraide mutuelle", i.e. mutual help group) located in a major French city, this investigation focuses on the institutional a...

Many heat integration methods were developed to achieve high-energy efficiency in industry. Most of them are dedicated to continuous processes. However, statistics show that 50 % of processes are variable or batch. Hence: how to energetically integrate variable or batch...

This thesis is devoted to the Fokker-Planck équation partial_t f =∆f + div(E f).It is divided into two parts. The rst part deals with the linear problem. In this part we consider a vector E(x) depending only on x. It is composed of chapters 3, 4 and 5. In chapter 3 we p...

In this manuscript, we present a shape optimization method based on CAD parameters such as lengths, angles, etc. We rely on gradient-based optimization techniques. The sensitivity of the objective function, with respect to the mesh nodes position, is provided by an adjo...

Despite their remarkable success, the first widely spread versions of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard, IEEE 802. 11 a/b/g, featured low spectral efficiencies that are becoming insufficient t...