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Repositories used to be fairly monolithic systems, with a single object store, a tailored content model, and a dedicated application on top. The federation protocol OAI-PMH for content aggregation is an exception to this. However, we are still far away from an open repository environment, in which repositories interact on all levels with other agents (e.g. other repositories, added-value services, registries). This paper creates a more fine-grained view on repository federation and analyses existing approaches with regard to four interoperability attributes: syntax, structure, semantics, and patterns. Among these attributes, the most evident gap pertains to interaction patterns between agents. Besides the prevalent client-pull and harvesting patterns, notification offers a more immediate and directed mechanism, enabling new federation scenarios and laying the grounds for open repository environments. Prototypes of the concepts presented here are being implemented in the scope of the project DARIAH, which establishes an e-Infrastructure for the humanities.

This report outlines the main activities and findings of OPERAS-P Task 6.3, which aimed at providing the knowledge base and the view of the community in finding the most suitable way to make the FAIRification of SSH data possible, with a threefold approach: "Speak the same language," "Work with the community," and "Showing the road ahead."

The authors also acknowledge the support and collaboration of many other colleagues in their respective institutes, research communities and IT Infrastructures, together with the funding received by these from many different sources. These include but are not limited to the following: (i) The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) project is a global collaboration of more than 170 computing centres in 43 countries, linking up national and international grid infrastructures. Funding is acknowledged from many national funding bodies and we acknowledge the support of several operational infrastructures including EGI, OSG and NDGF/NeIC. (ii) EGI acknowledges the funding and support received from the European Commission and the many National Grid Initiatives and other members. EOSC-hub receives funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 777536. (iii) The work leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 730941 (AARC2). (iv) Work on the development of ESGF's identity management system has been supported by The UK Natural Environment Research Council and funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration through projects IS-ENES (grant agreement no 228203) and IS-ENES2 (grant agreement no 312979). (v) Ludek Matyska and Michal Prochazka acknowledge funding from the RI ELIXIR CZ project funded by MEYS Czech Republic No. LM2015047. (vi) Scott Koranda acknowledges support provided by the United States National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1700765. (vii) GÉANT Association on behalf of the GN4 Phase 2 project (GN4-2).The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 731122(GN4-2). (viii) ELIXIR acknowledges support from Research Infrastructure programme of Horizon 2020 grant No 676559 EXCELERATE. (ix) CORBEL life science cluster acknowledges support from Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 654248. (x) Mirjam van Daalen acknowledges that the research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. (xi) EISCAT is an international association supported by research organisations in China (CRIRP), Finland (SA), Japan (NIPR), Norway (NFR), Sweden (VR), and the United Kingdom (NERC). This white-paper expresses common requirements of Research Communities seeking to leverage Identity Federation for Authentication and Authorisation. Recommendations are made to Stakeholders to guide the future evolution of Federated Identity Management in a direction that better satisfies research use cases. The authors represent research communities, Research Services, Infrastructures, Identity Federations and Interfederations, with a joint motivation to ease collaboration for distributed researchers. The content has been edited collaboratively by the Federated Identity Management for Research (FIM4R) Community, with input sought at conferences and meetings in Europe, Asia and North America.

This interview has been performed by Elisa Nury for the WP 6.5 of the H2020 project OPERAS-P, at DH+, SIB, DARIAH partner. Two female interviewees, age 40-49 and 30-39, Germany, publishers.