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Ο μεσαιωνικός κόσμος, βυζαντινός, δυτικός και ανατολικός, συνιστά πρόσφορο πεδίο μελέτης. Κρίσεις πολιτικές, κοινωνικές, οικονομικές, θεσμών, διεθνών σχέσεων κ.ά. έπλητταν τις κοινωνίες της εποχής, άλλοτε μεμονωμένα και άλλοτε καθολικά. Η θεματική των διαλέξεων επιχειρεί να προβάλει ποικίλες περιπτώσεις και φαινόμενα, όπως επίσης αποσκοπεί να αναδείξει, μεταξύ άλλων, τους τρόπους με τους οποίους αντιμετωπίστηκαν τέτοιου είδους κρίσεις από διαφορετικούς μεσαιωνικούς πολιτισμούς.

An analysis of the place names of the coastal area of Crimea (Tauris) has been found in the description of Pallas (1795), along with the study of two or three historic «monuments» of the written and oral linguistic tradition of the Crimean Greeks, make it possible to establish a small vocabulary. This historic glossary provides several direct and indirect informations on the cultural heritage of the Greek speaking communities of Mariupol who live along with the Tatar-speaking Urums who have an ethnic Greek identity. An Urum-Ukrainian dictionary established by Alexander Garkavets has been appended herewith Le parler Grec (Rouméika) contemporain de la région de Mariupol (Azov, Ukraine) est la forme moderne de la langue parlée par les Hellénophones Roumeoi de la péninsule de Crimée. L’analyse des noms de lieu de la zone côtière de Crimée, que nous trouvons dans la description de Pallas (1795), complétée par l’étude de deux ou trois «monuments» de l’histoire linguistique de la tradition écrite et orale de la Crimée, permettent de dresser une liste d toponymes. Ce lexique historique contient de nombreuses indications, directes et indirectes, portant sur l’héritage culturel des Hellénophones de Mariupol ainsi que des Tatarophones Ouroum qui ont une identité ethnique hellénique. En Annexe on trouvera le dictionnaire Ouroum-Ukrainien etabli par Alexander Garkavets.

Preface: Stelios A. Papadimitriou 62 σ.

Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση των γλωσσικών χαρακτηριστικών στα κειμενικά είδη που εμφανίζονται στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια της Ιστορίας και της Βιολογίας του γυμνασίου, με βάση το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο και τη μεθοδολογία της Συστημικής Λειτουργικής Γλωσσολογίας (ΣΛΓ). Συγκεκριμένα, αναλύονται οι λεξικoγραμματικοί πόροι και τα σημασιολογικά χαρακτηριστικά σε είκοσι τέσσερα συνολικά κείμενα από τα σχολικά εγχειρίδια. Η έρευνα εστιάζει στις διαδικασίες και τους μετέχοντες (σύστημα μεταβιβαστικότητας), στη λεξική πυκνότητα, στην τροπικότητα, στη γραμματική μεταφορά (ιδίως στην ονοματοποίηση), στην χρονικότητα και την αιτιότητα και στις συνδετικές σχέσεις. Οι διαφοροποιήσεις του λόγου των ανθρωπιστικών και φυσικών επιστημών, η αφαίρεση και η τεχνικότητα, και τα σύνδρομα χαρακτηριστικών που χαρακτηρίζουν τα κειμενικά είδη, εξετάζονται σε συσχέτιση και με τα ευρήματα συναφών ερευνών που έχουν γίνει τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και διεθνώς (κυρίως στην Αυστραλία). Όπως προκύπτει από την ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων, τα χαρακτηριστικά αυξάνονται από τη μία τάξη στην άλλη και εντοπίζονται διαφορές στα δύο αντικείμενα. Η ανασυγκρότηση της γνώσης απαιτεί από τα παιδιά του γυμνασίου εξοικείωση με τις γραμματικές μορφές της γραπτής γλώσσας και του τρόπου που αναπτύσσονται στα κειμενικά είδη στα διάφορα μαθήματα. Επιπλέον, προτείνεται η συστηματικότερη ανάλυση και προσαρμογή των εργαλείων της ΣΛΓ στην ελληνική γλώσσα, δεδομένου ότι έχει εφαρμοστεί κατά κύριο λόγο στην αγγλική, και, τέλος, γίνονται κάποιες προεκτάσεις στην εκπαίδευση και τον γραμματισμό με γνώμονα μια ισονομιστική και χειραφετητική γνώση. The purpose of this study is to investigate the language of genres in History and Biology school textbooks in early secondary school (gymnasio), within the frame of systemic functional linguistics (SFL). More specifically, our aim is to analyze the lexicogrammar and semantics of twenty four texts from school textbooks. The study focuses on processes and participants (system of transitivity), lexical density, modality, grammatical metaphor (especially nominalization), temporality, causality and conjunctive relations. Differences in discourse of humanities and natural sciences, technicality and abstraction, and the co-occurrence (syndromes) of characteristics in different genres are considered in relation with the findings of relevant Greek and international researches. According to data analysis, there is an increasing tension from lower to higher grade and some differences between the two subject areas. The reconstruction of knowledge demands from early secondary pupils familiarization with grammatical forms of written language and with the way that they are deployed in school genres. Furthermore, it is suggested more specific analysis and adaptation of SFL tools in Greek language, given that they have implemented basically in English, and, finally, our remarks are extended to education and literacy under the rule of equal opportunities and emancipative knowledge.

Ioannis Kapodistrias (1776–1831) was the founder of the modern Greek state. He previously served as a brilliant foreign minister of Russia, and he was a progressive and effective leader of the new country during the four years he served it as its first Governor. Though he had to create a state from zero, he had the ambition and method to organize it according to the European standards. His assassination in Nafplion, outside a church, deprived the country from the chance to become a modern state from the outset. The following article draws material from the “Great Greek Biographical Dictionary” and highlights the significance of one of the most distinguished politicians and diplomats of Europe. He was the man who wrote the first chapter of modern Greek history.

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate whether acute kidney injury (AKI) was associated with 3-year mortality in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery.MethodsThe present study was a 3-year follow-up study of two randomized controlled trials. A total of 1,319 elderly patients who received non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia were screened. AKI was diagnosed by the elevation of serum creatinine within a 7-day postoperative period according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. A long-term telephonic follow-up was undertaken by investigators who were not involved in the previous two trials and had no access to the study group assignment. The date of death was taken from the official medical death certificate. The primary outcome was to investigate the association between AKI and postoperative 3-year mortality using the multivariable Cox regression risk model.ResultsOf the 1,297 elderly patients (mean age 71.8 ± 7.2 years old) who were included in the study, the incidence of AKI was 15.5% (201/1297). Of the patients with AKI, 85% (170/201) were at stage 1, 10% (20/201) at stage 2, and 5% (11/201) at stage 3. The 3-year all-cause mortality was 28.9% (58/201) in patients with AKI and 24.0% (263/1,096) in patients without AKI (hazard ratio 1.247, 95% confidence interval 0.939–1.657, P = 0.128). The multivariable Cox regression showed that AKI was not associated with 3-year mortality after adjustment of confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio 1.045, 95% confidence interval 0.780–1.401, P = 0.766).ConclusionsAKI was a common postoperative complication, but it was not associated with 3-year mortality in elderly patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery. The low incidence of severe AKI might underestimate its underlying association with long-term mortality.

In this work, samples of the white marbles enclosing the Tomb of Christ, as well as samples from the interior marble facades of the Holy Aedicule structure surrounding the Tomb of Christ in the Church of Resurrection in Jerusalem, are investigated using petrographic and isotopic analysis. The aim is to characterize the marble samples and investigate their provenance. The results demonstrate that all examined marble samples originate from Proconnesos (Marmara island), and can be attributed to the so-called Proconnesos-1 variety. Published maximum grain size (MGS) and isotopic (δ18O and δ13C) values of Proconessos quarries are compared with the respective values displayed by the marble samples of the Holy Aedicule, aiming to achieve—to a certain degree—intra-site discriminations. A number of ancient quarries are excluded through this double parameter criterion as sources for the examined Holy Aedicule marbles. The discussion of petrographic and isotopic results in relation to historical testimonies and previously published archaeometry results, regarding the mortars of the Holy Aedicule, reveal that Proconnesos marble was the material of choice used at different construction phases of the Holy Aedicule, from the time of Constantine the Great and throughout the centuries, both for the cladding of the Holy Tomb and the interior facings of the Tomb Chamber and the Chapel of the Angel.

Ο μεσαιωνικός κόσμος, βυζαντινός, δυτικός και ανατολικός, συνιστά πρόσφορο πεδίο μελέτης. Κρίσεις πολιτικές, κοινωνικές, οικονομικές, θεσμών, διεθνών σχέσεων κ.ά. έπλητταν τις κοινωνίες της εποχής, άλλοτε μεμονωμένα και άλλοτε καθολικά. Η θεματική των διαλέξεων επιχειρεί να προβάλει ποικίλες περιπτώσεις και φαινόμενα, όπως επίσης αποσκοπεί να αναδείξει, μεταξύ άλλων, τους τρόπους με τους οποίους αντιμετωπίστηκαν τέτοιου είδους κρίσεις από διαφορετικούς μεσαιωνικούς πολιτισμούς.

AbstractDiophantos in Arithmetica, without having defined previously any concept of “equality” or “equation,” employs a concept of the unknown number as a tool for solving problems and finds its value from an equality ad hoc created. In this paper we analyze Diophantos’s practices in the creation and simplification of such equalities, aiming to adduce more evidence on certain issues arising in recent historical research on the meaning of the “equation” in Diophantos’s work.

{"references": ["\u039b\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7, \u0395. (2010), \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 16\u03bf \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 18\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, Archive, 6, \u03c3\u03c3. 57-63 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4555227"]} During sixteenth till eighteenth century various dynasties imposed absolute monarchy on the great European states, making royal power stronger than ever. Of course, the concept of the state had not yet taken the form it has in modern times. States, these new political structures, often had no territorial continuity, as their borders were often changed and treated by their kings as family feuds. The Monarchical Regimes in Europe: from the 16th to the 18th century