• 2020-2024close
• Research data close
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• Digital Humanities and Cultural Her... close
• Neuroinformatics close

Abstract The chess game comprises different domains of cognitive function, demands great concentration and attention and is present in many cultures as an instrument of literacy, learning and entertainment. Over the years, many effects of the game on the brain have been studied. Seen that, we reviewed the current literature to analyze the influence of chess on cognitive performance, decision-making process, linking to historical neurological and psychiatric disorders as we describe different diseases related to renowned chess players throughout history, discussing the influences of chess on the brain and behavior.

Appendices

We used eye-tracking to evaluate multiple facial context processing and event-related potential (ERP) to evaluate multiple facial recognition in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. In total, 173 subjects (83 CHRs and 90 healthy controls [HCs]) were included and their emotion perception performances were accessed. A total of 40 CHRs and 40 well-matched HCs completed an eye-tracking task where they viewed pictures depicting a person in the foreground, presented as context-free, context-compatible, and context-incompatible. During the two-year follow-up, 26 CHRs developed psychosis, including 17 individuals who developed first-episode schizophrenia (FES). Eighteen well-matched HCs were made to complete the face number detection ERP task with image stimuli of one, two, or three faces. Compared to the HC group, the CHR group showed reduced visual attention to contextual processing when viewing multiple faces. With the increasing complexity of contextual faces, the differences in eye-tracking characteristics also increased. In the ERP task, the N170 amplitude decreased with a higher face number in FES patients, while it increased with a higher face number in HCs. Individuals in the very early phase of psychosis showed facial processing deficits with supporting evidence of different scan paths during context processing and disruption of N170 during multiple facial recognition.

Tools and services evaluation speadsheet

Our dataset is focused on automatic voice recognition for the purpose of diagnosing language disorders; hence, our dataset consists of written documents. As a whole, our study dataset comprises of inquiries, assertive speech, and responses to all three. Young children are being asked these questions and taught these stories. Our focus is on children aged 0 to 6 years. We have polled numerous children within this age range with the permission of their families, including infants from our own family, extended family, neighbors, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh who work with children, hospitals, and many more. The surveys focused mostly on eliciting responses from the children, whether via direct questioning or age-appropriate aggressive language. Any action or expression of approval in response to the question or statement counts as an answer. Children of varying ages reach several stages in their development of language. A baby who is 7-12 months old may utilize babbling consonant-vowel combinations and consonant sounds; a baby who is 12-20 months old may use gestures, identify their own name, etc. Prior to the experiment, we required to do an analysis of the dataset. Age, Speech in Bangla, Speech Translated in English, Response in Bangla, Response Translated in English, and label are the 6 columns that make up our dataset. We gathered information from kids as young as one month old and as old as sixty (60) months old. In addition, we can see that the number of normal samples is about twice as large as the number of impaired samples (out of 252 total samples.

This collection contains raw data in MEG-BIDS format. The purpose is to allow re-use of the data in different projects. Original publication abstract: The possibility to combine smaller units of meaning (e.g., words) to create new and more complex meanings (e.g., phrases and sentences) is a fundamental feature of human language. In the present project, we investigated how the brain supports the semantic and syntactic composition of two-word adjective-noun phrases in Dutch, using magnetoencephalography (MEG). The present investigation followed up on previous studies reporting a composition effect in the left anterior temporal lobe (LATL) when comparing neural activity at nouns combined with adjectives, as opposed to nouns in a non-compositional context. The first aim of the present study was to investigate whether this effect, as well as its modulation by noun specificity and adjective class, can also be observed in Dutch. A second aim was to investigate to what extent these effects may be driven by syntactic composition rather than primarily by semantic composition as was previously proposed. To this end, a novel condition was administered in which participants saw nouns combined with pseudowords lacking meaning but agreeing with the nouns in terms of grammatical gender, as real adjectives would. We failed to observe a composition effect or its modulation in both a confirmatory analysis (focused on the cortical region and time-window where it has previously been reported) and in exploratory analyses (where we tested multiple regions and an extended potential time-window of the effect). A syntactically driven composition effect was also not observed in our data. We do, however, successfully observe an independent, previously reported effect on single word processing in our data, confirming that our MEG data processing pipeline does meaningfully capture language processing activity by the brain. The failure to observe the composition effect in LATL is surprising given that it has been previously reported in multiple studies. Reviewing all previous studies investigating this effect, we propose that materials and a task involving imagery might be necessary for this effect to be observed. In addition, we identified substantial variability in the regions of interest analysed in previous studies, which warrants additional checks of robustness of the effect. Further research should identify limits and conditions under which this effect can be observed. [..]