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Peer reviewed

Review of: Arthur Mason (ed.), Arctic Abstractive Industry. Assembling the Valuable and Vulnerable North (Studies in the Circumpolar North 5), New York: Berghahn 2022, ISBN 9781800734685, xiv + 210 pp.

Background The digital transformation of healthcare enables new ways of working in cancer care directing attention on the digital skills of healthcare professionals. This systematic review aims to identify existing evidence about digital skills among health care professionals in cancer care to identify the needs for future education and research. Methods Database searches were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and ERIC to identify studies until March 2023. The inclusion criteria were digital skills of health care professionals in cancer care as described by themselves, other health care professionals, patients or significant others. The CASP tool was used for quality assessment of the studies. Data was analysed following inductive content analysis. Results The search produced 4563 records, of which 24 studies were included (12 qualitative, 10 quantitative, 1 mixed methods design and 1 strategy paper). Four main categories were identified describing HCPs’ required skills, existing skills and development areas of digital skills in cancer care: Skills for information technology, Skills for ethical practice, Skills for creating a human-oriented relationship and Skills for digital education and support. In development areas, one more main category, Skills for implementing digital health, was identified. Conclusion The digital skills of health care professionals in cancer care are multifaceted and fundamental for quality cancer care. The skills need to be assessed to provide education based on actual learning needs. The review findings can be used for education and research in this field.

Review of: Erica Moretti. The Best Weapon for Peace: Maria Montessori, Education,and Children’s Rights. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 2021, 296 pp.

Review of: Clas Tollin, Sveriges kartor och lantmätare 1628 till 1680. Från idé till tolvtusen kartor. (Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien. Handlingar. Antikvariska serien 58; Skrifter utgivna av Riksarkivet 43), Stockholm: Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien; Riksarkivet 2021, ISBN 9789188763242; ISSN 00836761; ISSN 14024705, 464 pp.

Atteindre les objectifs interdépendants de justice et de durabilité nécessite des changements transformateurs pour engager de manière significative des perspectives diverses. Par conséquent, les chercheurs et les décideurs politiques ont besoin de nouvelles façons de reconnaître et d'aborder les multiples valeurs de la nature à travers les cultures, les disciplines et les autres traditions de la connaissance. En examinant les publications universitaires, les documents politiques et les sources des communautés autochtones et locales, nous avons développé une typologie inclusive des valeurs de la nature pour clarifier les concepts de valeur et guider leur prise en compte dans les décisions. À travers des études de cas, nous illustrons comment naviguer dans les interactions « horizontales » et « verticales » au sein et à travers cette typologie peut aider à faire face aux défis à valeur plurielle, tels que l'amélioration de la participation inclusive à la recherche et à la pratique environnementales, et la gestion efficace des conflits socio-environnementaux. Nous concluons en explorant comment cette typologie de valeurs peut davantage tirer parti du changement transformateur dans d'autres contextes de prise de décision. Lograr los objetivos entrelazados de justicia y sostenibilidad requiere cambios transformadores para involucrar de manera significativa diversas perspectivas. Por lo tanto, los académicos y los responsables políticos necesitan nuevas formas de reconocer y abordar los múltiples valores de la naturaleza en todas las culturas, disciplinas y otras tradiciones de conocimiento. Al revisar las publicaciones académicas, los documentos de políticas y las fuentes de la comunidad indígena y local, desarrollamos una tipología inclusiva de los valores de la naturaleza para aclarar los conceptos de valor y guiar su consideración en las decisiones. A través de estudios de casos, ilustramos cómo navegar por las interacciones "horizontales" y "verticales" dentro y a través de esta tipología puede ayudar a enfrentar los desafíos de valor plural, como mejorar la participación inclusiva en la investigación y la práctica ambiental, y la gestión efectiva de los conflictos socioambientales. Concluimos explorando cómo esta tipología de valores puede aprovechar aún más el cambio transformador en otros contextos de toma de decisiones. Achieving the intertwined goals of justice and sustainability requires transformative changes to meaningfully engage diverse perspectives. Therefore, scholars and policymakers need new ways of recognising and addressing nature's multiple values across cultures, disciplines and other knowledge traditions. By reviewing academic publications, policy documents and Indigenous and local community sources, we developed an inclusive typology of nature's values to clarify value concepts and guide their consideration in decisions. Through case studies, we illustrate how navigating 'horizontal' and 'vertical' interactions within and across this typology can help confront plural-value challenges, such as enhancing inclusive participation in environmental research and practice, and effective management of socio-environmental conflicts. We conclude by exploring how this typology of values can further leverage transformative change in other decision-making contexts. يتطلب تحقيق الأهداف المتشابكة للعدالة والاستدامة تغييرات تحويلية لإشراك وجهات نظر متنوعة بشكل هادف. لذلك، يحتاج العلماء وصانعو السياسات إلى طرق جديدة للتعرف على القيم المتعددة للطبيعة ومعالجتها عبر الثقافات والتخصصات وتقاليد المعرفة الأخرى. من خلال مراجعة المنشورات الأكاديمية ووثائق السياسة ومصادر السكان الأصليين والمجتمع المحلي، طورنا تصنيفًا شاملاً لقيم الطبيعة لتوضيح مفاهيم القيمة وتوجيه مراعاتها في القرارات. من خلال دراسات الحالة، نوضح كيف يمكن أن يساعد التنقل بين التفاعلات "الأفقية" و "الرأسية" داخل هذا التصنيف وعبره في مواجهة تحديات القيمة المتعددة، مثل تعزيز المشاركة الشاملة في البحوث والممارسات البيئية، والإدارة الفعالة للصراعات الاجتماعية والبيئية. نختتم باستكشاف كيف يمكن لهذا التصنيف من القيم أن يعزز التغيير التحويلي في سياقات صنع القرار الأخرى.

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It is generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve in response to new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk of extinction. Although the importance of incorporating genetic diversity into the design of conservation measures is now well understood, less attention has been paid to the distinction between neutral (NGV) and adaptive (AGV) genetic variation. In this review, we first focus on the utility of NGV by examining the ways to quantify it, reviewing applications of NGV to infer ecological and evolutionary processes, and by exploring its utility in designing conservation measures for plant populations and species. Against this background, we then summarize the ways to identify and estimate AGV and discuss its potential use in plant conservation. After comparing NGV and AGV and considering their pros and cons in a conservation context, we conclude that there is an urgent need for a better understanding of AGV and its role in climate change adaptation. To date, however, there are only a few AGV studies on non-model plant species aimed at deciphering the genetic and genomic basis of complex trait variation. Therefore, conservation researchers and practitioners should keep utilizing NGV to develop relevant strategies for rare and endangered plant species until more estimates of AGV are available.

Review: Kirsi Ahonen. Sharing the Treasure of Knowledge Nineteenth-Century Nordic Adult Education Initiatives and Their Outcomes. Tampere University (PhD diss.), 2022, 386 pp.