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Nowadays, due to economic crisis, the number of "abandoned", empty or dilapidated listed or historic buildings of Greek cities and settlements is constantly increasing. In order to protect and enhance the Greek tangible cultural heritage, it is necessary to promote actions that give motives to owners or users of historic buildings to preserve them, by providing tools and financial support in the particularly increased costs of restoration and consolidation works of their necessary continuous maintenance. The program “Preserve” introduced by the Hellenic Ministry of Environment and Energy, and more specifically the General Secretariat of Spatial Planning & Urban Environment, relates to interventions in designated as listed or monuments or buildings within historic sites and traditional settlements and historic buildings. The interventions will include facade cleaning (with gentle water jet to remove air pollutants or anti-graffiti painting for protection against vandalism), works in order to preserve the shell of the buildings so as to avoid it’s partial or total collapse, restoration of facades and restoration of the interior of the buildings. Along with the activation of the Digital Land Bank, the Building Rights Transfer, the Single Digital Map, and the Digital Building Identity etc., it will offer the owners of the listed buildings a holistic solution for the protection and enhancement of the tangible cultural heritage of Greece.

This archive contains reports on workshops organised by the Soil Health & Soil Heritage Project. It mirrors content linked from the ipaast-czo project website. This project aimed to build links between groups exploring how soils in farmed landscapes are qualified, studied, modelled, and valued from different perspectives: agricultural, environmental, and archaeological. It focused on data created through remote and near-surface sensing technologies to provide an impetus for cross-disciplinary conversations, because these data have the potential to serve as a shared resource for research and management. The project aimed to identify shared research and management priorities related to soil health and soil heritage in agricultural landscapes, to evaluate the capability of commercial and experimental sensors to provide data to address these shared priorities, and to identify barriers to the creation of interoperable remote and near-surface sensing data resources on soils and their role in agricultural systems. The project was led by a group of researchers at the University of Glasgow, working on initiatives including agri-environment sensing projects in CENSIS, the Global Soil Heath network, and the ipaast-czo project on archaeological remote and near-surface sensing. In 2022, the project reviewed instruments to assess their suitability for cross-domain data collection and ran two workshops, in Dalswinton and Glasgow, to build a research and practice network focused on sensing methods for soils.

Indian subcontinent is blessed with varied cultural heritage and dimensions. From the brocades of Banaras to the ikat of Andhra Pradesh, each complex technique narrates history, tradition, culture, history, and legacy preserved in the hands of the master craftsmen. However, we are going through paramount historical change dominated by digitization and technology. It is an inevitable mega-trend that has touched upon every aspect of social life building a different concept and model of social interaction. Likewise, an increasing consensus indicates the need to reconfigure traditional social and cultural structures. In the light of the information and communication technology (ICT), our tangible and intangible material culture entails digital acquisition, storage, preservation, and reinterpretation to acclimatize with the contemporary times. One such technique that requires substantial consideration for conservation is rafugari - a fine invisible darning technique used to repair and restore damage on age-old Pashmina/Kani shawls of Kashmir. Passed down from generation to generation, the dexterity of the artisan remains varied with very few masters of the trade. It is noteworthy that extremely skilled rafu work is extremely difficult to detect. Due to the availability of limited resources, it is important to document the secrets of the trade to preserve the technique for the next generation. My paper examines the role of ICT and intangible heritage culture to preserve the technique and establish its relevance in modern times as a sustainable practice.

International audience; The global livestock system puts increasing pressures on ecosystems. Studies analyzing the ecological impacts of livestock supply chains often explain this pressure by the increasing demand for animal products. Food regime theory proposes a more nuanced perspective: it explains livestock-related pressures on ecosystems by systemic changes along the supply chains of feed and animal products, notably the liberalization of agricultural trade. This study proposes a framework supporting empirical analyses of such claims by differentiating several steps of livestock supply chains. We reconstructed “trilateral” livestock supply chains linking feed production, livestock farming, and final consumption, based on the global flows of 161 feed and 13 animal products between 222 countries from 1986 to 2013. We used the embodied Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production (eHANPP) indicator to quantify pressures on ecosystems linked to these trilateral livestock supply chains. We find that livestock induced 65 % of agriculture's pressure on ecosystems, mostly through cattle grazing. Between 1986 and 2013, the fraction of livestock-related eHANPP that was traded internationally doubled from 7.1 % to 15.6 %. eHANPP related to the trade of feed was mostly linked to soybean imported for pig meat production, whereas eHANPP associated to traded animal products was mostly linked to cattle meat. eHANPP of traded animal products was lower but increased faster than eHANPP of feed trade. eHANPP was highest at the feed production level in South and North America, and at the consumption level in Eastern Asia. In Northern Asia and Eastern Europe, eHANPP was lowest at the animal products production level. In Western Europe, he eHANPP was equal at the animal products production and consumption levels. Our findings suggest that options to reduce livestock's pressures on ecosystems exist at all levels of the supply chain, especially by reducing the production and consumption in high-consuming countries and regulating international supply chains

This article investigates the modern history of genealogy through the lens of keyword indexes – an essential resource for access to genealogical information. Empirically, the article studies the role of indexes in Euro-American genealogy from the nineteenth century to today. Particular attention is paid to the 1960s–2010s, when genealogy changed through growing popular engagement, new technologies, rising and falling academic interest, and increased commercialisation. Focusing on a set of grassroots cases from Sweden that have been crucial to the subfield of Swedish-American genealogy, the article explores the work of local Swedish heritage societies and the dream of empirical ‘totality’; the cooperation between heritage societies and academic historians; the impact of microfilm and digital technologies in creating a sense of information overload; the economy of unpaid volunteer and state-subsidised labour; and how paper-based indexes, created largely through grassroots initiatives, have been transformed into digital commodities on an international genealogical market. While this is an important enquiry for understanding the history of genealogy – one of the most widespread popular pursuits in modern history – it also addresses the intricate relations between grassroots initiatives, academic research, and capitalism in modern archive history.

The documentation and protection of archaeological and cultural heritage (ACH) using remote sensing, a non-destructive tool, is increasingly popular for experts around the world, as it allows rapid searching and mapping at multiple scales, rapid analysis of multi-source data sets, and dynamic monitoring of ACH sites and their environments. The exploitation of remote sensing data and their products have seen an increased use in recent years in the fields of archaeological science and cultural heritage. Different spatial and spectral analysis datasets have been applied to distinguish archaeological remains and detect changes in the landscape over time, and, in the last decade, archaeologists have adopted more thoroughly automated object detection approaches for potential sites. These approaches included, among others, object detection methods, such as those of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms, as well as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and deep learning (DL) models using aerial and satellite images, airborne and spaceborne remote sensing (ASRS), multispectral, hyperspectral images, and active methods (synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and light detection and ranging radar (LiDAR)). Researchers also refer to the potential for archaeologists to explore such artificial intelligence (AI) approaches in various ways, such as identifying archaeological features and classifying them. Here, we present a review study related to the contributions of remote sensing (RS) and artificial intelligence in archaeology. However, a main question remains open in the field of research: the rate of positive contribution of remote sensing and artificial intelligence techniques in archaeological research. The scope of this study is to summarize the state of the art related to AI and RS for archaeological research and provide some further insights into the existing literature.

Impacts of drought events on terrestrial ecosystems have been studied extensively in the last decades in light of the long-term human-induced global warming trend and the recent occurrence of severe heat waves and droughts across the globe. The 2003 European summer heat wave sparked high attention towards such events in Switzerland, where ecosystems were largely affected again by summer dry periods in 2015 and 2018. With a newly applied processing scheme of calculating fluxes of net ecosystem exchange of CO2, latent and sensible heat from eddy-covariance measurements, the impact of droughts on GPP and exchange of energy between land and atmosphere are investigated at a managed grassland site in Switzerland. The rate of primary production is considerably reduced under the influence of dry conditions. This effect is further intensified by grassland management. Evapotranspiration, on the other hand, seems to be unaffected by the lack of precipitation at the site. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 326 ISSN:1873-2240 ISSN:0168-1923

Most European hunter-gatherers slowly assimilated into farming communities during the Neolithic period. In the north these groups persisted far longer. In this paper, we present evidence from what may be one of the most recent non-agricultural sites in the region, where a marine hunter-gatherer lifestyle may have continued until as late as the 15th–16th centuries AD. The isotope composition of incremental dental analysis suggests a significant, long-term dependence on seals. This indicates that vestiges of this means of subsistence might have been present in Europe for much longer than previously thought.

Ship-based lidar systems are a cost-efficient alternative for retrieving highly-reliable offshore wind data. However, the non-stationary nature of ship-mounted lidars hinders the comparison against reference datasets and, therefore, a straightforward characterization of the uncertainty levels associated with these sorts of measurements. For this reason, in this paper we have set up and report an analytical model for estimating the uncertainties of ship-based lidar measurements. The model follows the standard uncertainty propagation method considering the relevant parameters for assessing the wind speed from pulsed Doppler-lidar observations, such as the half cone opening angle, the radial velocity estimation, or the lidar beams' orientations. Additionally, the derivation of the presented uncertainty model contemplates the technology-specific variables and considerations like the ship linear velocity or tilting, as well as the implementation of a motion correction algorithm.

Depopulation has become a significant issue for local culture and built heritage conservation of many European rural areas. In San Giovanni Lipioni, a province of Chieti (Italy), this phenomenon has increased to the point that, nowadays, there are only 150 inhabitants and no significant economic activities. In this regard, the present paper aims to describe the crucial role of nature-oriented tourism in an economic, social, and revitalization strategy; how digital tools can be used to map and create a territorial trail system between municipalities; and, finally, outline the operations necessary for reactivation. The proposed methodology consists of a first digital survey phase using GPS receivers and outdoor navigation apps. The second phase would create a web platform with a system of virtual itineraries between villages, named “The Golden Leaves Paths”. After that, the last phase concerns the creation of analysis factsheets to guide the maintenance of paths and the design of iconic signage with artistic illustrations based on the oak leaves leitmotif to be installed along the paths. A local social promotion association will employ the outcomes, technical drawings, and strategies to reactivate paths as an attractive element for nature-oriented tourism and create a digital platform to foster the village’s territorial and cultural heritage.