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We investigate the ${\mathcal{R}}(D)$ and ${\mathcal{R}}(D^{\ast})$ anomalies in the context of the $B-L$ extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Inverse Seesaw. We demonstrate that the lepton penguin $W^{\pm}l \bar\nu_l $ ($l=e,\mu,\tau$) mediated by CP-even/odd right-handed sneutrinos, charginos and neutralinos can account for these anomalies simultaneously.

The evolution of smaller and more powerful GPUs over the last 2 decades has vastly increased the opportunity to apply robust deep learning-based machine vision approaches to real-time use cases in practical environments. One exciting application domain for such technologies is precision agriculture, where the ability to integrate on-board machine vision with data-driven actuation means that farmers can make decisions about crop care and harvesting at the level of the individual plant rather than the whole field. This makes sense both economically and environmentally. This paper assesses the feasibility of precision spraying weeds via a comprehensive evaluation of weed detection accuracy and speed using two separate datasets, two types of GPU, and several state-of-the-art object detection algorithms. A simplified model of precision spraying is used to determine whether the weed detection accuracy achieved could result in a sufficiently high weed hit rate combined with a significant reduction in herbicide usage. The paper introduces two metrics to capture these aspects of the real-world deployment of precision weeding and demonstrates their utility through experimental results.

Fuzzing is an automated testing technique that utilizes injection of random inputs in a target program to help uncover vulnerabilities. Performance fuzzing extends the classic fuzzing approach and generates inputs that trigger poor performance. During our evaluation of performance fuzzing tools, we have identified certain conventionally used assumptions that do not always hold true. Our research (re)evaluates PERFFUZZ [1] in order to identify the limitations of current techniques, and guide the direction of future work for improvements to performance fuzzing. Our experimental results highlight two specific limitations. Firstly, we identify the assumption that the length of execution paths correlate to program performance is not always the case, and thus cannot reflect the quality of test cases generated by performance fuzzing. Secondly, the default testing parameters by the fuzzing process (timeouts and size limits) overly confine the input search space. Based on these observations, we suggest further investigation on performance fuzzing guidance, as well as controlled fuzzing and testing parameters.

As the Diamond Light source moves towards upgrading to a 4th generation source, increasing x-ray powers and reduced focal sizes will require improved cryogenic cooling to ensure that the projected new levels of brilliance are achieved. This will create a greater demand for LN2, if current systems are maintained, laying a greater economic demand on the facility. As in most cases, new designs are tested using thermal-structural finite element simulation, neglecting the contribution of fluid flow. This leaves us without information about the effect of the fluid on the surface of the crystal, along with the efficiency of the flow itself. This results in under optimised cooling systems, leaving cooling capabilities of the system reduced, increasing the consumption of LN2. This paper presents a full fluid-structure-thermal model, showing the full effects of the flow of liquid nitrogen on the system. This paper will discuss this model in comparison to a conventional thermal-structure model.

Funding: The LUNGSCOT study is funded by the Chief Scientists Office of the Scottish Government, reference HIPS/19/52. BACKGROUND: Targeted lung cancer screening is effective in reducing mortality by upwards of twenty percent. However, screening is not universally available and uptake is variable and socially patterned. Understanding screening behaviour is integral to designing a service that serves its population and promotes equitable uptake. We sought to review the literature to identify barriers and facilitators to screening to inform the development of a pilot lung screening study in Scotland. METHODS: We used Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology and PRISMA-ScR framework to identify relevant literature to meet the study aims. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods primary studies published between January 2000 and May 2021 were identified and reviewed by two reviewers for inclusion, using a list of search terms developed by the study team and adapted for chosen databases. RESULTS: Twenty-one articles met the final inclusion criteria. Articles were published between 2003 and 2021 and came from high income countries. Following data extraction and synthesis, findings were organised into four categories: Awareness of lung screening, Enthusiasm for lung screening, Barriers to lung screening, and Facilitators or ways of promoting uptake of lung screening. Awareness of lung screening was low while enthusiasm was high. Barriers to screening included fear of a cancer diagnosis, low perceived risk of lung cancer as well as practical barriers of cost, travel and time off work. Being health conscious, provider endorsement and seeking reassurance were all identified as facilitators of screening participation. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding patient reported barriers and facilitators to lung screening can help inform the implementation of future lung screening pilots and national lung screening programmes. Publisher PDF Peer reviewed

We are now, more than ever, aware of the social challenges that face us globally, keeping healthy is at the top of the list. Increasingly in the last ten years, designers have turned their attention not just to designing to alleviate and prevent illness but designing specifically to increase individual and community wellness and health. Digital health design has been one of those dimensions adopted to address the challenge. In this opinion piece we posit that in the domain of digital health all design should be socially responsible in order for us to consider it good design. Drawing on the history of socially responsible design and the emergence of digital health applications we propose Ten Principles of Socially Responsible Digital Health Design.

NO ABSTRACT

The aim of this expedition was to recover and redeploy all moorings in the OSNAP array and to obtain a CTD section of hydrographic, nutrients, dissolved oxygen and dissolved organic carbon observations along the OSNAP section. The specific measurement objectives of the cruise were: 1. Recover and redeploy 4 existing mooring along the Ellett Array (EB1, WB1, WB2, RH ADCP) and 3 existing moorings in the Iceland Basin (IB5, IB4, IB3) 2. Deploy new drift-free pressure recorder (Sonardyne Fetch AZA) at EB1. 3. Conduct CTD stations and capture water samples for oxygen, total carbon, alkalinity and nutrients analysis. Data from the CTD stations was provided in near-real time (<12 hours) to the UK Met. Office to be assimilated into their short-range ocean forecast models: global 0.25 degree, North Atlantic 1/12th degree and AMM15 (European NW Shelf, ~ 1.5 km). 4. Recover and redeploy a sediment trap mooring on the Darwin Sea Mounds (DMLTM) as part of the UK Marine Protected Area habitat monitoring programme. 5. Deploy three BGC-Argo floats to maintain the UK contribution to the global ARGO network. 6. Using ship-based instrumentation to measure underway meteorology, sea-surface temperature and salinity, ocean currents from the surface to ~400m depth and waterdepth using a Kongsberg multibeam echo sounding system.