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This compilation contains data reported in the manuscript Cardenas, Lamb, Jobe, Mohrig, and Swartz, Morphodynamic preservation of fluvial channel belts. As of Nov 2022, this manuscript is submitted to SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) journal The Sedimentary Record. Compilation contains: (1) Table showing the edge coordinates of each channel belt in the associated manuscript. (2) Table showing centerline point coordinates. (3) Table showing all width measurements for each channel belt. (4) A compilation table showing representative geometric measurements for each belt. (5) A python script to generate paleoflow directions from centerline coordinates. (6) A script to generate various geometric measurements from belt edge coordinates. (7) A script to plot histograms of geometric measurements.

Data supplement 2 for article: Jackisch, R., Heincke, B. H., Zimmermann, R., Sørensen, E. V., Pirttijärvi, M., Kirsch, M., Salmirinne, H., Lode, S., Kuronen, U., and Gloaguen, R.: Drone-based magnetic and multispectral surveys to develop a 3D model for mineral exploration at Qullissat, Disko Island, Greenland, Solid Earth, 13, 793–825, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-793-2022, 2022. https://se.copernicus.org/articles/13/793/2022/se-13-793-2022.html UAV-based orthomosaic in DN (raw) values (091112_Qullissat_eBee_MSI_orthomosaic_DN_20cm.tif) UAV-based digital elevation model (091112_Qullissat_eBee_DEM__36cm.tif) Qullissat study area, Disko Island, Greenland; center Point: 70.05521N, 53.01338W Reference: WGS84 UTM 22N, EPSG 32622 Sensor: Parrot Sequoia multispectral camera UAV: Sensefly eBee plus This research has been supported by the project MULSEDRO, funded by EITRawMaterials (project ID 16193) and the European Union organization EIT, the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf with the Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology and the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland. Reflectance products RAW images can be made available upon reasonable request.

Attributing the start of peat growth to an absolute timescale requires dating the bottom of peat deposits overlying mineral sediment, often called the basal peat. Peat initiation is reflected in the stratigraphy as a gradual transition from mineral sediment to increasingly organic material, up to where it is called peat. So far, varying criteria have been used to define basal peat, resulting in divergent approaches to date peat initiation. The lack of a universally applicable and quantitative definition, combined with multiple concerns that have been raised previously regarding the radiocarbon dating of peat, may result in apparent ages that are either too old or too young for the timing of peat initiation. Here, we aim to formulate updated recommendations for dating peat initiation. We provide a conceptual framework that supports the use of the organic matter (OM) gradient for a quantitative and reproducible definition of the mineral-to-peat transition (i.e., the stratigraphical range reflecting the timespan of the peat initiation process) and the layer defined as basal peat (i.e., the stratigraphical layer that is defined as the bottom of a peat deposit). Selection of dating samples is often challenging due to poor preservation of plant macrofossils in basal peat, and the representativity of humic and humin dates for the age of basal peat is uncertain. We therefore analyse the mineral-to-peat transition based on three highly detailed sequences of radiocarbon dates, including dates of plant macrofossils and the humic and humin fractions obtained from bulk samples. Our case study peatland in the Netherlands currently harbours a bog vegetation, but biostratigraphical analyses show that during peat initiation the vegetation was mesotrophic. Results show that plant macrofossils provide the most accurate age in the mineral-to-peat transition and are therefore recommendable to use for 14C dating basal peat. If these are unattainable, the humic fraction provides the best alternative and is interpreted as a terminus-ante-quem for peat initiation. The potential large age difference between dates of plant macrofossils and humic or humin dates (up to ~1700 years between macrofossil and humic ages, and with even larger differences for humins) suggests that studies reusing existing bulk dates of basal peat should take great care in data interpretation. The potentially long timespan of the peat initiation process (with medians of ~1000, ~1300 and ~1500 years within our case study peatland) demonstrates that choices regarding sampling size and resolution need to be well substantiated. We summarise our findings as a set of recommendations for dating basal peats, and advocate the widespread use of OM determination to obtain a low-cost, quantitative and reproducible definition of basal peat that eases intercomparison of studies.

Model description: Digital outcrop model of the northern slopes of Esperantodalen, showing the Kapp Starostin sections. These sections are discussed in detail by Ehrenberg et al. (2002) and Larssen, Senger and Grundvåg (2020).Data availability:All uploaded archives are to be extracted to the same directory for a functional working environment, i.e., at the very least consisting of a project folder with the data and metashape subdirectories. The included processing report specifies the processing parameters that were used as input for the processing software (Agisoft Metashape, v1.7.2.12040).Exported model data use CRS epsg:32633.Show and visualise on Svalbox.no:Through Svalbox we aim to take geoscientific research and education to the next level – with the simple motto of placing all key information and data sets in their correct spatial position. We bring modern technology, in particular cost-effective digital outcrops, to complement more than 200 years of geoscientific research on Svalbard. Finally, Svalbox provides a sustainable platform for sharing results, workflows and teaching material with the wider geoscientific community.For more information, contact the Svalbox team at svalbox[at]gmail.com.

Here we present calcareus nannofossil and colour datasets from the hemipelagic lower Ypresian Arnakatxa section (Basque-Cantabrian basin, western Pyrenees). The Arnakatxa coastal cliffs, which constitute the present study area, are located approximately 15 km northwest of Bilbao (43°23'34.4N, 2°59'24.2W, altitude 0 m). The expanded hemiplegic succession offered a potentially valuable orbitally paced geological record. Sampling was carried out in 2015. For the study of calcareous nannofossils 65 hand samples were collected (average spacing of about 50 cm). For colour analysis, 635 rock-powder samples were collected (average resolution of ~5 cm) using a standard cordless drill with an 8 mm bit. Slides for nannofloral analysis were prepared according to Flores and Sierro (1997), avoiding any mechanical or physical disturbance of the samples that could modify the original fossil assemblages. A Zeiss Axioplan2 petrographic microscope at 1250× magnification was used to analyze the samples. Quantitative analysis was performed by counting at least 300 specimens per sample. Additionally, three random traverses (~9 mm2) were analyzed on each slide in order to detect rare but biostratigraphically significant species. The rock powder samples were stored in transparent antiglare prismatic plastic vials (3 ml) and scanned at high-resolution (600 dpi) using a desktop office scanner in a dark room. The average colour value of a homogeneous rectangular area covering 10-20% of the scanned image of each vial was measured using ImageJ software version 1.50i. Average colour value represents to the mean pixel RGB value of the selected area, which is equivalent to the brightness value. In order to perform a cyclostratigraphic analysis, the colour data series was linearly interpolated and the LOESS regression trend subtracted. The Astrochron code commands used to perform that spectral analysis are herein available.

Chemical characterization was conducted by means of wavelength Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) analysis. The concentrations were quantified using an AxiosmAX-Advanced PANalytical spectrometer with a Rh excitation source calibrated by a suite of 56 international Geological Standards. Interferences were considered and the correction of matrix effects was done using PANanalytical Pro-Trace software for trace elements. The determined elements were: Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, P2O5, K2O, CaO, TiO2, V, Cr, MnO, Fe2O3 (as total Fe), Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Ba, Ce, W, Pb and Th. Minor and major elements are expressed as concentrations of oxides in percentage by mass (wt %). Trace elements are conveyed as concentrations of elements in μg g-1. Samples are prepared according to a procedure explained in Madrid i Fernández, Marisol, and Alejandro G. Sinner. "Analysing technical choices: improving the archaeological classification of Late Republican Black Gloss pottery in north-eastern Hispania consumption centres." Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 11, no. 7 (2019): 3155-3186. This dataset includes the chemical data obtained by wavelength Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) analysis on sugar pots retrieved in Sicily from 11th-16th cent. AD contexts. These data were collected as part of the project “SPotEU: Sugar Pot manufacture in Western Europe in the medieval and post-medieval period (11th -16th centuries AD)”, funded under the Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions (grant agreement: 797242). The dataset also includes a file with a description of the charactersitics of each sample

Data used in the manuscript. THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOVE

Sample preparation methodology: manual pressing of some of the received powder materials, by means of a glass plate to get a flat surface, in cylindrical standard sample holders of 16 or 27 millimeters of diameter and 2.5 millimeters of height. Instrument and experimental conditions: PANalytical X’Pert PRO MPD powder diffractometer in Bragg-Brentano θ/θ geometry of 240 millimeters of radius. Ni filtered Cu Kα radiation: λ = 1.5418 Å. Work power: 45 kV – 40 mA. Divergence slit of 0.5º. Mask defining a length of the beam over the sample in the axial direction of 12 millimeters. Incident and diffracted beam 0.04 radians Soller slits. Sample spinning at 2 revolutions per second PIXcel detector. Active length = 3.347 º. θ/2θ scan from 5 to 80 º2θ with step size of 0.026 º and measuring time of 100 seconds per step. This dataset includes the mineralogical data obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses on sugar pots retrieved in Sicily from 11th-16th cent. AD contexts. These data were collected as part of the project “SPotEU: Sugar Pot manufacture in Western Europe in the medieval and post-medieval period (11th -16th centuries AD)”, funded under the Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions (grant agreement: 797242). The dataset also includes a file with a description of each sample.