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The current cross-cultural study examined the construct of workaholism across European and Asian cultures during the pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 2,617 recipients, aged 18-80 years from three Asian countries (China, India, and Indonesia) with higher levels of collectivistic values, and three European countries (Bulgaria, Germany, and Hungary) supposing to have higher individualistic values. The participants completed the online version of the two-dimensional measure, dubbed the Dutch Workaholism Scale (DUWAS). The goal of the study was to demonstrate that during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is the cultural context that mediates and influences the way of change in workaholics' attitudes. The results led to the conclusion that the way in which the COVID-19 crisis affects workaholism and workaholics' behavior depends on cultural and sex differences, and stages of the human life cycle. The data analysis revealed that cultural differences and sex affect the configuration of workaholism (excessive/compulsive): in the Asian sample, unlike the European, there was a significant increase in the level of workaholism compulsive; European female participants reported higher levels of workaholism compulsive and workaholism excessive, but the sex difference was not found in Asian sample. Along with cultural context, and sex differences, age also influences the configuration of workaholism. In this case, the separate stages of the human life cycle contribute in different ways to changes in levels of workaholism excessive and workaholism compulsive.

The purpose of this research is to explain fuzzy logic, specifically Fuzzy Transportation Problem FTP which is considered more appropriate for planning and decision making in transportation, since the primary strength of a fuzzy approach is that it is applicable to human knowledge and the deductive process fuzzy is perfect method in engineering public transportation research. Humans can manage complicated tasks under significant ambiguousness, this ambiguous information is represented through human linguistic terms and is used for decision making concerning urban planning, mobility and passengers satisfaction. The study also refers to the methods under fuzzy technology with safety technique for fuzzy modelling mobility during COVID-19 pandemic and presents a description of the public transportation system as part of the literature review to detect and improve the performance of mobility. Results show how the applied fuzzy approach can work as a powerful tool for the appraisal of the transport service.

The COVID-19 pandemic set off unexpected and unprecedented changes in all sectors of the economy, including education. Digitalization and digitization have become the main driving force of the transformation in education practices. The COVID-19 pandemic ushered in a dramatic shift in the way education is delivered. The sudden move to online platforms brought concepts like digital-, online-, mixed-. hybrid-, blended education/learning to the forefront, while other concepts such as elearning, distance and mobile learning are still popular. This paper considers the usage, popularity and spread of these terms, and through backing them with ICT advancement, LMS and Moodle improvements and the time-space-group triangle of elearning, it depicts the viral nature of these narratives. The paper concludes that the use of the terms follows the nature of epidemics.

Covid-19 modified our daily life in each segment, in the field of education too. In the last decade MOOC courses became more and more favourite, due to their flexibility though the dropping rate was extremely high. In remote teaching we may face with similar problems: without personal connections between the participants some may lose the thread sooner. Our task is now to create a new form of teaching in which we can combine the flexibility and learning from anywhere with the personal contacts which is so important most of the students. Is it true that virtual classroom systems will solve the situation totally or we need some extra efforts? In our paper we show a possible solution.

The world dramatically changed after the sudden appearance of COVID-19. Classical university education must be transformed into virtual classrooms using digital applications and real-time IT communication tools within some days. Both professors and students were offset of their ordinary routine. We examined the extraordinary situation from the views of educators and students. In this paper we should like to give a suggestion to enhance the efficiency.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the measures of social distancing and national lockdown had a significant impact on everyday life. Individuals with BVI (blindness and visual impairment) are assumed to face increased barriers in numerous domains of their lives. This online survey research investigates, among Hungarian adults with BVI ( N = 132), the impact of the lockdown on their access to shopping, daily support needs, access to remote studies of higher education or work, and leisure habits. Respondents accounted for negative impacts of the lockdown on their participation and independence in all research topics. Issues of accessibility were common both concerning shopping for essential goods and access to remote study and work.

In this study, we review different approaches of resilience in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that face ever-growing challenges due to the risks arising from the interconnected and globalised environment in which they are embedded. The field of economic resilience is of great interest nowadays due to effects caused by the current Covid-19 pandemic. There are already several thorough concepts elaborated on estimating SME resilience, which have valuable ideas and different aspects incorporated relying on mainly questionnaire survey data. We will list up general features of SMEs that make them vulnerable and possible measures from literature that are highly recommended in order to reduce their exposure to negative consequences to unexpected situations.

The COVID-19 epidemic has led to school closures worldwide. In Hungary, on 11 March 2020, the Government ordered a ban on university attendance, while on 13 March it also decided to switch to digital distance education in public education. Our research revolves around the educational challenge that emerged from the epidemic from a student perspective. We examined the provision of digital tools required for online education. We collected feedback from students on the pros and cons of online education. Access to technology is not enough for digital education, the change of pedagogical approach is also needed. We collected examples and suggestions for creative digital teaching practices, also based on the students' experience.

2020 is the year of change and adaptability. The COVID19 pandemic immensely influences our everyday routines. Education is no exception as schools have to transform their classroom teaching to distance online tutoring. It is not easy on either side as educators and students encountered gaps in digital capabilities. Moreover they suddenly happen to be an online medium where different social behavior pattern immerged. We were very much interested how young adults endure and overcome this situation. In the present study the first result of our ongoing research that aimed to explore the digital competence and social presence among the students of the University of Pannonia are presented. The main objective was to see how students perceive their social situation online with their digital abilities, knowledge and level of competences. The results indicated that although on average perceived online social presence is not affected by individuals’ digital competences, significant relationships were found between some factors.

LB