Since its first observation, a decade ago, high harmonic generation (HHG) in crystals has proved to be an efficient, controllable and compact source of coherent XUV radiation. In this thesis, we investigate HHG in 2D materials, particularly graphene, and in different se...

This doctoral thesis, funded within the framework of a European Marie-Curie H2020 SUPUVIR project, focuses on the design and fabrication of new photonic crystal fibers from infrared soft glasses making it possible to produce a wide emission spectrum in the mid-infrared ...

Dictionaries could be considered as the most comprehensive reservoir of human knowledge, which carry not only the lexical description of words in one or more languages, but also the common awareness of a certain communityabout every known piece of knowledge in a time fr...

Although multimode non-linear propagation has been studied in multimode optical fibres since the 1970s, recent developments in materials and manufacturing techniques have greatly renewed interest in this area. In this thesis, we report the experimental study of nonlinea...

Spontaneous Raman scattering is a physical process that provides a unique knowledge of materialsat the molecular level. Its high chemical specificity with no labels motivates its use in manydifferent fields, ranging from biomedical research to industrial quality control...

Comparative ecology, through large-scale screening of plant morpho-physiological traits, has brought evidence that plant diversity is constrained. Several co-variations between functional traits appear to be pervasive across species and ecosystems. This has been interpr...

Despite the astonishing diversity of plants, animals and macroscopic fungi, most eukaryotic diversity is actually microbial. The eukaryotic tree comprises several large monophyletic supergroups. One of these groups is the Opisthokonta, which encompasses two branches, Ho...

The primate visual system strongly relies on the small differences between the two retinal projections to perceive depth. However, it is not fully understood how those binocular disparities are computed and integrated by the nervous system. On the one hand, single-unit ...

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is the only non-invasive and in-vivo imaging modality able to provide human brain structural connectivity information. This is done via an estimation of the fiber orientation distribution (FOD) of white matter and dMRI tractog...

One emerging technique for a continuous geophysical monitoring of geological structures such as EGS is the correlation of ambient seismic noise. Such methods make it possible to monitor minute changes by studying the evolution of the late part of seismic recordings by "...