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  • Authors: Andrzej Pastwa;

    In the study the author undertakes an attempt to answer the following question: what is the place in the legal structure of marriage – and what is essential, in relation to bona matrimonii: bonum prolis, bonum fidei, bonum sacramenti – of the newly defined significant element: (ordinatio ad) bonum coniugum? The presented research results in the form of a juxtaposition of paradigmatic depictions of the element of spouses’ good: (I) depictions that constitute – it seems – a closed chapter in history (the good of spouses exclusively in the “non-autonomous” configurations), (II) depictions that bode well for the future (the good of spouses in “autonomous” configurations) – remain, since they ha-ve to, an open proposal.

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  • Authors: Matusiak, Patrycja;

    In Catoviciensi ecclesia Beatae Mariae Virgini dicata invenitur inscriptio Latina, qua eius primus parochus, Victor Schmidt (1841–1917) honoratur. Qui vir strenue fidem Catholicam in Superiori Silesia promovebat, sed eodem tempore repugnabat eis Polonis, qui nationem suam in libertatem vindicare conabantur. Inscriptio Latine composita ideo esse videtur, quia ea lingua et Polonis, et Germanis fidelibus idonea fuit.

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  • Authors: Sapota, Tomasz;

    "W ostatnich latach narasta w naszym kraju przekonanie o tym, że antyczna kultura nie może udzielić odpowiedzi na problemy trapiące współczesne Polki i Polaków. Opinia ta, która skutkuje usuwaniem lub ograniczaniem nauczania łaciny i wiedzy o starożytności w szkołach i na uniwersytetach, zdaje się być powszechna, warto zatem może zastanowić się nad tym, czy rzeczywiście teksty Greków i Rzymian mogą nas czegoś nauczyć [...]". Tekst wygłoszony na zakończenie XXIX Olimpiady Języka Łacińskiego w 2011 roku.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Milena Rusin; Janina Gospodarek; Aleksandra Nadgórska-Socha;

    The aim of the study was to determine the time-delayed (after three years from the moment of soil pollution) effect of petroleum-derived products (PDPs) (petrol, diesel fuel and used engine oil) on the interaction between selected host plant (broad bean) and a herbivorous insect closely related to it (Sitona spp.). We assessed the condition of the plant exposed to pollutants (i.e. its growth and chemical composition), then we evaluated the attractiveness of the plant for both larvae and adults of the insect. The evaluation covered also the effect of bioremediation by using ZB-01 biopreparation. The results showed that after 3 years from soil contamination, engine oil and diesel fuel limited the feeding of adult sitona weevils while petrol caused increase in the attractiveness of plants for these insects. The PDPs negatively affected the growth of plants. The changes in element content depended on the type of pollutant. The biopreparation ZB-01 eliminated or reduced the differences caused by the presence of PDPs in the soil regarding the chemical composition of the host plant, and limited feeding by both the larvae and adult individuals of sitona weevils. The negative relationships between the contents of both some macroelements (Mg, S) and heavy metals (Zn, Ni), and feeding of imago of Sitona were observed. The obtained results indicate that PDPs remain for a long time in the environment and adversely affect not only the organisms directly exposed to the pollution – plants growing on polluted soil but also further links of the trophic chain, i.e. herbivores.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archives of Environm...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archives of Environm...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: A. Pohl; Maciej Kostecki; I. Jureczko; Marianna Czaplicka; +1 Authors

    Zbadano zawartość wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (WWA) w wodzie i osadach dennych zbiornika Blachownia (południowa Polska). Określono przestrzenną zmienność stężeń WWA w profi lu podłużnym zbiornika. WWA w próbkach oznaczano metodą chromatografi i gazowej sprzężonej z detektorem mas (GC-MS QP-2010 Plus Shimadzu) z użyciem wzorca wewnętrznego. Stężenia wahały się od 0.103 μg/L do 2.667 μg/L (Σ16 WWA), w próbkach wody oraz od 2.329 mg/kg s.m. do 9.078 mg/kg s.m. (Σ16 WWA), w próbkach osadów dennych. Sporządzono bilans zanieczyszczeń i na tej podstawie oszacowano, że ładunek WWA wprowadzany do zbiornika w ciągu roku wynosi 17.70 kg WWA, a ładunek odpływający – 9.30 kg/rok WWA. Kumulacja około 50% rocznego ładunku WWA (8.90 kg) stanowi zagrożenie dla stanu ekologicznego tego ekosystemu. Obliczono, że ładunek WWA w osadzie dennym badanego zbiornika wynosi około 80 kg, co ogranicza jego gospodarcze wykorzystanie. Poprawę stanu ekologicznego tego rodzaju zbiornika można osiągnąć poprzez usunięcie osadów. Analiza uzyskanych wartości wskaźników diagnostycznych dla określonych WWA wykazała, że potencjalnymi źródłami emisji WWA w niewielkich zlewniach o charakterze rolniczo-leśnym mogą być procesy związane ze spalaniem węgla, drewna, materiału roślinnego (niska emisja, pożary lasów, palenie trawy itp.). Znaczący wpływ wywiera również komunikacja.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archives of Environm...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Korzec, Mateusz; Kotowicz, Sonia; Pająk, Agnieszka Katarzyna; Schab-Balcerzak, Ewa;

    In perovskite solar cells, series of symmetrical and asymmetrical imino-naphthalimides were tested as hole-transporting materials. The compounds exhibited high thermal stability at the temperature of the beginning of thermal decomposition above 300 °C. Obtained imino-naphthalimides were electrochemically active and their adequate energy levels confirm the application possibility in the perovskite solar cells. Imino-naphthalimides were absorbed with the maximum wavelength in the range from 331 nm to 411 nm and emitted light from the blue spectral region in a chloroform solution. The presented materials were tested in the perovskite solar cells devices with a construction of FTO/b-TiO2/m-TiO2/perovskite/ HTM/Au. For comparison, the reference perovskite cells were also performed (without hole-transporting materials layer). Of all the proposed materials tested as hole-transporting materials, the bis-(imino-naphthalimide) containing in core the triphenylamine structure showed a power conversion efficiency at 1.10% with a short-circuit current at 1.86 mA and an open-circuit voltage at 581 mV.

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  • Authors: Anna Czarnowus;

    Artykuł proponuje odczytanie powieści The Wake Philipa Kingsnortha w świetle XVIII-wiecznej tradycji pastoralnej. Medievalistyczny w swej naturze prymitywizm jest tu użyty do opisania kultury i języka Anglo-Sasów. Inną cechą mediewalizmu tej powieści jest prezentyzm. Buccmaster jest w niej zarówno „dzikim człowiekiem”, jak i „szlachetnym dzikusem”. Kingsnorth na sposób pastoralny pisze w duchu antropocentyzmu i skupia się na podziałach klasowych we wczesnośredniowiecznym świecie, który przedstawia na sposób „zielony”, ekologiczny.

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  • Authors: Iwona Dronia;

    Attitudes, or a person’s internal/mental beliefs about a specific situation, object or concept can greatly influence behaviors. This truth also applies to linguistic choices made by second language students. Their low level of knowledge of cross-cultural differences as well as pragmatic competence intertwined with inner norms and attitude towards politeness can result in producing the discourse which could not be considered appropriate. The fact of using and learning a second language (being bilingual or multilingual) may influence the level of politeness. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the differences existing in the scope of politeness revealed in the written, contrastive (Polish-English) discourse. The corpus under investigation encompasses seventy six emails written in the two languages by English philology students of teachers faculty. The analysis focuses on the level of politeness as exhibited through various forms of hedges and mitigations used both in the Polish and English language.

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  • Authors: Katarzyna Kwapisz-Osadnik;

    In search of the invariant semantics of the preposition “da”: a cognitive analysis of the predicative context – The purpose of this article is to verify whether the semantic invariant of the preposition da [starting point allowing physical or mental movement] in the nominal context remains valid in the context of the verb. The analysis of the content of predicates that link to the preposition da will help to answer the question of the extent to which the choice of a preposition is determined by the knowledge of the experienced activities and/or the predicate itself (its selective features) or if it is the result of convention.

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  • Authors: Katarzyna Gadomska;

    Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie fantastyki J.-P. Bours’a, jednego z najmniej znanych reprezentantów belgijskiej szkoły niezwykłości. Dzieło pisarza wyróżnia się niezwykłym bogactwem: Bours praktykuje wszystkie podgatunki fantastyki pozostając prawdziwym mistrzem krótkiej formy. W moim artykule, analizuję charakterystyczną cechę jego fantastyki: niejednoznaczność. Aby osiągnąć ten efekt, pisarz posługuje się całą gamą technik (m.in. niedopowiedzeniem, elipsą) co ukazuję w La Mort du juste.

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  • Authors: Andrzej Pastwa;

    In the study the author undertakes an attempt to answer the following question: what is the place in the legal structure of marriage – and what is essential, in relation to bona matrimonii: bonum prolis, bonum fidei, bonum sacramenti – of the newly defined significant element: (ordinatio ad) bonum coniugum? The presented research results in the form of a juxtaposition of paradigmatic depictions of the element of spouses’ good: (I) depictions that constitute – it seems – a closed chapter in history (the good of spouses exclusively in the “non-autonomous” configurations), (II) depictions that bode well for the future (the good of spouses in “autonomous” configurations) – remain, since they ha-ve to, an open proposal.

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  • Authors: Matusiak, Patrycja;

    In Catoviciensi ecclesia Beatae Mariae Virgini dicata invenitur inscriptio Latina, qua eius primus parochus, Victor Schmidt (1841–1917) honoratur. Qui vir strenue fidem Catholicam in Superiori Silesia promovebat, sed eodem tempore repugnabat eis Polonis, qui nationem suam in libertatem vindicare conabantur. Inscriptio Latine composita ideo esse videtur, quia ea lingua et Polonis, et Germanis fidelibus idonea fuit.

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  • Authors: Sapota, Tomasz;

    "W ostatnich latach narasta w naszym kraju przekonanie o tym, że antyczna kultura nie może udzielić odpowiedzi na problemy trapiące współczesne Polki i Polaków. Opinia ta, która skutkuje usuwaniem lub ograniczaniem nauczania łaciny i wiedzy o starożytności w szkołach i na uniwersytetach, zdaje się być powszechna, warto zatem może zastanowić się nad tym, czy rzeczywiście teksty Greków i Rzymian mogą nas czegoś nauczyć [...]". Tekst wygłoszony na zakończenie XXIX Olimpiady Języka Łacińskiego w 2011 roku.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Milena Rusin; Janina Gospodarek; Aleksandra Nadgórska-Socha;

    The aim of the study was to determine the time-delayed (after three years from the moment of soil pollution) effect of petroleum-derived products (PDPs) (petrol, diesel fuel and used engine oil) on the interaction between selected host plant (broad bean) and a herbivorous insect closely related to it (Sitona spp.). We assessed the condition of the plant exposed to pollutants (i.e. its growth and chemical composition), then we evaluated the attractiveness of the plant for both larvae and adults of the insect. The evaluation covered also the effect of bioremediation by using ZB-01 biopreparation. The results showed that after 3 years from soil contamination, engine oil and diesel fuel limited the feeding of adult sitona weevils while petrol caused increase in the attractiveness of plants for these insects. The PDPs negatively affected the growth of plants. The changes in element content depended on the type of pollutant. The biopreparation ZB-01 eliminated or reduced the differences caused by the presence of PDPs in the soil regarding the chemical composition of the host plant, and limited feeding by both the larvae and adult individuals of sitona weevils. The negative relationships between the contents of both some macroelements (Mg, S) and heavy metals (Zn, Ni), and feeding of imago of Sitona were observed. The obtained results indicate that PDPs remain for a long time in the environment and adversely affect not only the organisms directly exposed to the pollution – plants growing on polluted soil but also further links of the trophic chain, i.e. herbivores.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archives of Environm...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: A. Pohl; Maciej Kostecki; I. Jureczko; Marianna Czaplicka; +1 Authors

    Zbadano zawartość wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych (WWA) w wodzie i osadach dennych zbiornika Blachownia (południowa Polska). Określono przestrzenną zmienność stężeń WWA w profi lu podłużnym zbiornika. WWA w próbkach oznaczano metodą chromatografi i gazowej sprzężonej z detektorem mas (GC-MS QP-2010 Plus Shimadzu) z użyciem wzorca wewnętrznego. Stężenia wahały się od 0.103 μg/L do 2.667 μg/L (Σ16 WWA), w próbkach wody oraz od 2.329 mg/kg s.m. do 9.078 mg/kg s.m. (Σ16 WWA), w próbkach osadów dennych. Sporządzono bilans zanieczyszczeń i na tej podstawie oszacowano, że ładunek WWA wprowadzany do zbiornika w ciągu roku wynosi 17.70 kg WWA, a ładunek odpływający – 9.30 kg/rok WWA. Kumulacja około 50% rocznego ładunku WWA (8.90 kg) stanowi zagrożenie dla stanu ekologicznego tego ekosystemu. Obliczono, że ładunek WWA w osadzie dennym badanego zbiornika wynosi około 80 kg, co ogranicza jego gospodarcze wykorzystanie. Poprawę stanu ekologicznego tego rodzaju zbiornika można osiągnąć poprzez usunięcie osadów. Analiza uzyskanych wartości wskaźników diagnostycznych dla określonych WWA wykazała, że potencjalnymi źródłami emisji WWA w niewielkich zlewniach o charakterze rolniczo-leśnym mogą być procesy związane ze spalaniem węgla, drewna, materiału roślinnego (niska emisja, pożary lasów, palenie trawy itp.). Znaczący wpływ wywiera również komunikacja.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Archives of Environm...arrow_drop_down
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  • Authors: Korzec, Mateusz; Kotowicz, Sonia; Pająk, Agnieszka Katarzyna; Schab-Balcerzak, Ewa;

    In perovskite solar cells, series of symmetrical and asymmetrical imino-naphthalimides were tested as hole-transporting materials. The compounds exhibited high thermal stability at the temperature of the beginning of thermal decomposition above 300 °C. Obtained imino-naphthalimides were electrochemically active and their adequate energy levels confirm the application possibility in the perovskite solar cells. Imino-naphthalimides were absorbed with the maximum wavelength in the range from 331 nm to 411 nm and emitted light from the blue spectral region in a chloroform solution. The presented materials were tested in the perovskite solar cells devices with a construction of FTO/b-TiO2/m-TiO2/perovskite/ HTM/Au. For comparison, the reference perovskite cells were also performed (without hole-transporting materials layer). Of all the proposed materials tested as hole-transporting materials, the bis-(imino-naphthalimide) containing in core the triphenylamine structure showed a power conversion efficiency at 1.10% with a short-circuit current at 1.86 mA and an open-circuit voltage at 581 mV.

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