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In the year 2016, the Indian government introduced a new Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code that would not only strengthen the creditor rights but also expedite the process in under 330 days. The new law is expected to increase the confidence of the investors. This study is important because it addresses the literature gap on how strengthening creditor rights impact the investor in the stock market. Previously many laws were passed like RDDBFSI & SARFAESI act but they failed to make an impact due to frail bureaucratic and judicial procedures, and these laws were not exactly favoring the creditors. So, with IBC it is a paradigm shift from debtor supporting laws to creditor supporting laws. In this study, we have addressed the gap in the literature by doing an event study on tan the first-ever event of Bankruptcy under the new law, i.e., Essar Steel to study the impact of strengthening creditors' rights has on the Stock market of the country.

The article discusses the challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in obtaining finance, which is a critical issue for their growth and profitability. It highlights that SMEs often lack collateral and financial history which makes it difficult for them to obtain loans from traditional financial institutions. The article then explores two approaches to entrepreneurship, Effectuation and Bricolage, which focus on internal resourcefulness and making the most of what is available, regardless of long-term returns. The paper lists ten strategies that entrepreneurs can adopt including embracing affordability logic, engaging in networking and collaboration among others. By implementing these strategies, SMEs can overcome funding challenges and achieve sustainable growth.

Clarivate Analytics, a leading provider of scientific and scholarly research solutions, recently announced the delisting 82 journals from its Web of Science core collection. This decision has far-reaching consequences for publishers, authors, and the broader academic community, as these delisted journals will lose their reputations, impact factors, and recognition, even though many have been publishing for over a decade. In this research article, we argue that Clarivate's decision is arbitrary and unfair. It undermines the efforts of reputable publishers who have worked hard to establish their journals as credible academic research sources. We propose that publishers and university journals consider creating their indexing services based on the CiteScore formula, which measures the number of citations of papers in a journal relative to the total number of published papers. This would provide an alternative solution to the problem of arbitrary delisting and empower publishers to take control of academic publishing.

This paper evaluates the ability of various indicators related to macroeconomic fundamentals, credit conditions, and housing supply to predict house price growth in the United States during the post-financial crisis period. We find that the inclusion of different measures of housing supply indicators significantly improves the forecasting performance for the period of 2010-2022. Specifically, incorporating the monthly supply of new homes into a VAR model with house price growth reduces the RMSE by over 30 percent compared to a univariate benchmark. Moreover, forecasting accuracy improves further at a longer forecast horizon (greater than three months) when the mortgage rate spread is also used as a predictor. Further improvements are made if "Direct" forecasts are used instead of iterative forecasts. The shrinkage method like LASSO shows that the monthly supply of new homes is an important predictor at all forecasting horizons, while the mortgage spread is most relevant for longer forecast horizons.

We estimate the value of Voice and Accountability-VA in the context of the Environmental, Social and Governance-ESG data of the World Bank using data from 193 countries in the period 2011-2021. We use Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects and Pooled Ordinary Least Squares-OLS. We found that the level of VA is positively associated, among others, to “Maximum 5-Day Rainfall”, and “Mortality Rate Under 5” and negatively associated, among others, to “Adjusted Savings: Natural Resources Depletion”, and “Annualized Average Growth Rate in Per Capita Real Survey Mean Consumption or Income”. Furthermore, we apply the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Elbow Method. We found the k-Means useless due to the low variance of the variable among countries with the result of a hyper-concentration of elements in a unique cluster. Finally, we confront eight machine-learning algorithms for the prediction of VA. Polynomial Regression is the best predictive algorithm according to R-Squared, MAE, MSE and RMSE. The level of VA is expected to growth on average of 2.92% for the treated countries.

We study the impact of California’s emission trading scheme on carbon emissions and economic outcomes. We use panel data for all US states and apply the synthetic control method to construct an optimal counterfactual for CO2 emissions, GDP, employment, and industry turnover as outcome variables. We find evidence for a modest decline in emissions and a net positive aggregate economic effect. While we estimate overall emissions to fall relative to the counterfactual by 0.9% annually and by 6.3% in total between 2013 and 2019, the effect is most evident in the electricity and buildings sector, accounting for an annual abatement of 6.2% and 1.4%, respectively. Our estimates suggest that California’s carbon trading scheme has so far not caused large reductions in overall CO2 emissions and has positively affected macroeconomic outcomes in the short run.

Does the deepening of bilateral trade between Cameroon and Nigeria strengthen the links between their economic cycles in such a way as to eventually lead to a synchronous evolution? This is the question we attempt to answer here. To do this, two approaches are highlighted: the cycle approach on the one hand. The other is the concordance index of Harding and Pagan (2006), on the other hand. The results obtained show that there is a strong synchronization between the economic cycles of the two countries. The deepening of economic integration between Cameroon and Nigeria constitutes a vector of cyclical transmission and therefore increases the probability of transmission of crises and financial tensions.

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are a new form of digital asset used for fundraising purposes, similar to equity crowdfunding, but within an unregulated environment. The NFT market has been described as an unregulated and prone to misconduct, but there is a lack of detailed analysis on such behaviors. This paper examines the use of manipulative trading, specifically unrevealed insider trading and wash trading, within the NFT market using publicly available transaction data on the Ethereum blockchain. The results show that insiders buying behavior strongly predicts higher future price returns. Even if the circulated USD amount in wash trades is more than 422 million, wash trades fails to impact meaningful market outcomes. I find that some investors engage in wash trading to earn rewards from NFT marketplaces or promote emerging marketplaces in competition with the dominant platform.

This study examines whether the market can recognize the financial materiality of socially impactful corporate disclosures. Using data to demonstrate reactions on social networking sites (SNS) to ESG news in the United States from 2010, our findings reveal a positive correlation between unconditional excess stock returns and the polarity of the financially material ESG events. On the contrary, we observe that stock returns exhibit a short-term reaction rather than a long-term impact towards ESG events that are socially salient but less value-relevant. These tendencies seem more evident in corporations with limited information disclosure with investors concerning ESG. Moreover, conditional on the social impact of the event and the level of transparency in the company's ESG information, our findings suggest that the association between materiality and stock returns is not particularly substantial.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of formalization on access to credit by taking the example of Togolese (small and medium) enterprises. To achieve this objective, we test the hypothesis that the formalization of firms has a significant effect on access to credit. To do so, a Probit regression and the special regressor method were used on data from 65,725 firms extracted from the 2019 General Census of Enterprises database piloted by the Institut Nationale de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques et Démographiques (INSEED). The results show that the variable "Formalization of enterprises (small and medium)" has a significant influence at the 1% level on the probability of access to credit. In addition, the control variables such as guarantees, cost of credit, access to the public market, gender and level of education also explain access to credit at the 1%, 1%, 5% and 10% thresholds respectively. Our results show the importance of training and capacity building for informal enterprises to formalize. Also, they will allow regulatory bodies to develop policies that can reframe the informal sector in order to contribute to the GDP and absorb more young people seeking employment.