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Ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) has been described in the medical literature as a cause of hip pain. IFI occurs due to an abnormal contact or reduced space between the lesser trochanter and the lateral border of the ischium and is an often unrecognised cause of pain and snapping in the hip. Association of multiple exostoses and a skeletal dysplasia characterised by an abnormal modelling of bone metaphysis and osseous deformities is highly characteristic of this disease. Consequently, multiple exostoses may narrow the ischiofemoral space and cause impingement and pain, even in the absence of malignant transformation. Surgical excision of exostosis of the lesser trochanter is a safe and effective method of treatment for patients with IFI. We present a case of left hip pain with incidental finding of hereditary multiple osteochondroma causing IFI and discuss the predisposing factors and review of literature.

There is a recent proliferation of clinical studies about the minimally invasive scarless thyroid surgery. The transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) carries a great potential for being scarless surgery via a short dissection flap. However, TOETVA has limitations in extracting larger thyroid tumours via the transoral vestibular incision and due to its potential damage to the branches of the mental nerve. The rapidly evolving surgical innovations have now introduced transoral and submental thyroidectomy (TOaST) approach that allows extraction of large thyroid tumours with less flap dissection and minimal postoperative pain. We present a 39-year-old man with a large multinodular goitre. The patient was euthyroid with moderate to severe compression symptoms of difficulty in breathing and swallowing. We performed a TOaST procedure using intraoperative neuromonitoring and indocyanin green fluorescence imaging with an uneventful recovery. This is a first case report from the middle east region that will pave the way to large clinical trials to determine the efficacy and safety of TOaST.

A 42-year-old diabetic man presented to the hospital with severe sepsis and multiorgan dysfunction. A probable respiratory source of sepsis was suspected because of suggestive clinical and radiological findings. He was critically ill and was therefore admitted to intensive care for further management including ventilatory support and renal replacement therapy. He was also found to have marked anaemia requiring multiple blood transfusions with clinical and laboratory evidence pointing towards severe haemolysis. Further workup for the aetiology of pneumonia established a diagnosis of Legionella by confirmatory tests namely legionella antigen in the urine and exponentially rising serum antibody titres. The cause for the severe haemolysis was found to be complement-mediated autoimmune haemolysis as determined by direct antiglobulin test positive for complement components C3 and negative for IgG. Such clinically significant autoimmune haemolysis as a presenting feature, rather than a late complication, has never before been reported in the literature.

Abstract Traditionally, equity mispricing has been documented as an important determinant of speed of adjustment to target leverage levels. More recently, the impact of Shari’ah compliance has been shown to significantly affect capital structure decisions. In this paper, we explore the effect of equity mispricing in Shari’ah compliant (vs. non-compliant) firms. We conduct our study on a comprehensive sample of Malaysian firms from year 1998–2016. We show that established findings in the dynamic trade-off theory do not hold for Shari’ah compliant firms. Shari’ah compliant firms increase their reliance on equity financing at greater levels than non-compliant firms when they are above target levels and equities are overpriced. In contrast, for Shari’ah compliant firms below target levels and where equity is under-priced, the rate of adjustment is slower than non-compliant firms. Our findings suggest that managers of Shari’ah compliant firms are inclined to time the equity market when above target levels to capture the impact of lower costs of equity during periods of over-valuation of equity. However, those managers tend to be reluctant to resort to debt financing when below target leverage even in the presence of equity under-pricing.

Medical education (ME) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has a relatively short history that begins with the inception of the UAE almost 50 years ago. The UAE has made great strides in widening access to ME through the rapid implementation of national agendas aimed at advancing healthcare and expanding higher education, in addition to the presence of a strong infrastructure for privatization and business development. While progress is being made at all levels of ME, complex challenges for both undergraduate and postgraduate ME remain. Going forward, issues of standardization, quality, sustainability of academic and healthcare workforces, and research must continue to be addressed.

With the rapid growth of social media platforms, users are sharing billions of multimedia posts containing audio, images, and text. Researchers have focused on building autonomous systems capable of processing such multimedia data to solve challenging multimodal tasks including cross-modal retrieval, matching, and verification. Existing works use separate networks to extract embeddings of each modality to bridge the gap between them. The modular structure of their branched networks is fundamental in creating numerous multimodal applications and has become a defacto standard to handle multiple modalities. In contrast, we propose a novel single-branch network capable of learning discriminative representation of unimodal as well as multimodal tasks without changing the network. An important feature of our single-branch network is that it can be trained either using single or multiple modalities without sacrificing performance. We evaluated our proposed single-branch network on the challenging multimodal problem (face-voice association) for cross-modal verification and matching tasks with various loss formulations. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed single-branch network over the existing methods in a wide range of experiments. Code: https://github.com/msaadsaeed/SBNet Comment: Accepted at ICASSP 2023

We investigate the firm level investment responses to narrative shocks to average personal and corporate tax rates using a universal micro dataset of publicly traded U.S firms for the post- 1962 period. By allowing for heterogeneous effects over the business cycle and accompanying monetary policy regime, as well as over firm-level characteristics, we show that : (i) corporate tax multipliers are negative overall, but this result is driven by smaller firms who face larger borrowing constraints, especially during high-unemployment periods or when the accompanying monetary policy is contractionary; (ii) while the magnitude and the significance of personal income tax multipliers are smaller on the aggregate, there is some evidence of positive personal tax multipliers in high-unemployment state by large (dividend-paying) firms, which is consistent with the recent literature.

We investigate the inflation driven by a nonlinear electromagnetic field based on an NLED lagrangian density ${\cal L}_{\text{nled}} = - {F} f \left( {F} \right)$, where $f \left( {F}\right)$ is a general function depending on ${F}$. We first formulate an $f$-NLED cosmological model with a more general function $f \left( {F}\right)$ and show that all NLED models can be expressed in this framework; then, we investigate in detail two interesting examples of the function $f \left( {F}\right)$. We present our phenomenological model based on a new Lagrangian for NLED. Solutions to the field equations with the physical properties of the cosmological parameters are obtained. We show that the early Universe had no Big-Bang singularity, which accelerated in the past. We also investigate the qualitative implications of NLED by studying the inflationary parameters, like the slow-roll parameters, spectral index $n_s$, and tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$, and compare our results with observational data. Detailed phase-space analysis of our NLED cosmological model is performed with and without matter source. As a first approach, we consider the motion of a particle of unit mass in an effective potential. Our systems correspond to fast-slow systems for physical values of the electromagnetic field and the energy densities at the end of inflation. We analyze a complementary system using Hubble-normalized variables to investigate the cosmological evolution before the matter-dominated Universe. Comment: 27 pages, 13 compound figures

Due to the rarity of anomalous events, video anomaly detection is typically approached as one-class classification (OCC) problem. Typically in OCC, an autoencoder (AE) is trained to reconstruct the normal only training data with the expectation that, in test time, it can poorly reconstruct the anomalous data. However, previous studies have shown that, even trained with only normal data, AEs can often reconstruct anomalous data as well, resulting in a decreased performance. To mitigate this problem, we propose to limit the anomaly reconstruction capability of AEs by incorporating pseudo anomalies during the training of an AE. Extensive experiments using five types of pseudo anomalies show the robustness of our training mechanism towards any kind of pseudo anomaly. Moreover, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed pseudo anomaly based training approach against several existing state-ofthe-art (SOTA) methods on three benchmark video anomaly datasets, outperforming all the other reconstruction-based approaches in two datasets and showing the second best performance in the other dataset.