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Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Activitats; Contenció; Mesures de seguretat Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Actividades; Contención; Medidas de seguridad Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; Activities; Containment; Security measures Cartell adreçat a la ciutadania informant de les mesures de protecció destinades a la contenció de la COVID-19 que seran d'aplicació a partir del 8 de març a Catalunya. Cartel dirigido a la ciudadanía informando de las medidas de protección destinadas a la contención de la Covid-19 que serán de aplicación a partir del 8 de marzo en Catalunya. Poster addressed to the public informing of the protection measures intended for the containment of the COVID-19 that will be applicable from March 8 in Catalonia.

Altres ajuts: ZZ and NW acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum and the technical support provided by Barcelona Supercom- puting Center (FI-2020-1-0014). We acknowledge PRACE for awarding us access to MareNostrum 4 at Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Spain (OptoSpin project id. 2020225411) Proximity effects between layered materials trigger a plethora of novel and exotic quantum transport phenomena. Besides, the capability to modulate the nature and strength of proximity effects by changing crystalline and interfacial symmetries offers a vast playground to optimize physical properties of relevance for innovative applications. In this work, we use large-scale first principles calculations to demonstrate that strain and twist-angle strongly vary the spin-orbit coupling in graphene/transition metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers. Such a change results in a modulation of the spin relaxation times by up to two orders of magnitude. Additionally, the relative strengths of valley-Zeeman and Rashba spin-orbit coupling can be tailored upon twisting, which can turn the system into an ideal Dirac-Rashba regime or generate transitions between topological states of matter. These results shed new light on the debated variability of spin-orbit coupling and clarify how lattice deformations can be used as a knob to control spin transport. Our outcomes also suggest complex spin transport in polycrystalline materials, due to the random variation of grain orientation, which could reflect in large spatial fluctuations of spin-orbit coupling fields

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) defines forced migration or forced displacement as migratory movement induced by several factors such as force, compulsion, or coercion. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reports that the number of displaced individuals almost doubled over the last decade, with around 40% of these individuals being compelled to cross borders. 1 These refugees or asylum seekers settle primarily in neighbouring countries, which are usually developing countries with limited resources and often precarious political situations. This report aims to better understand cross-border displacement by analysing the time sequence from events potentially inducing displacement to migration into the neighbouring country. This time sequence is of particular interest to many stakeholders, as better knowledge of the timing can help decision makers anticipate and plan possible actions to support host countries. For instance, it can help the planning of humanitarian corridors and resettlement pledges, as well as the support to international organisations providing shelter and assistance in refugees camps. Furthermore, timing on initial cross-border displacement can also inform about possible developments of mixed-migration along the migratory routes to Europe.

Els danys causats pels incendis forestals han sorgit com una gran amenaça a tot el món. Una explicació adequada de la interacció entre el foc i l'atmosfera al voltant del foc pot ser clau perquè els bombers i els cossos de protecció civil puguin prendre decisions durant el transcurs de l'esdeveniment. En aquest sentit, WRF-SFIRE és un simulador d'incendis forestals que combina el model meteorològic WRF-ARW i el model de propagació d'incendis SFIRE que resol l'equació de Rothermel a través del mètode del conjunt de nivell. Aquest model soluciona la interacció entre l'atmosfera i el foc a través de la dinàmica de fluids computacional (CFD). No obstant això, té algunes limitacions que permeten l'objectiu d'aquesta investigació. El sistema acoblat abans esmentat necessita ser executat prou ràpid com per assegurar execucions en temps real. Una anàlisi profunda del paral·lelisme programat en ell és una qüestió important per obtenir resultats operacionals. La millor manera d'executar ràpidament WRF-SFIRE és utilitzant un paral·lelisme de memòria distribuïda amb MPI, però té algunes limitacions causa de la grandària de les parts del domini. Un altre element important de WRF-SFIRE, que permet evolucionar l'incendi i el manté actualitzat, és el mètode del conjunt de nivell. El mètode del conjunt de nivell amb taxes de propagació fortes i heterogènies pateix d'inestabilitats, el que provoca incendis espuris. Això es resol complint la restricció de que la funció del conjunt de nivell en un punt no pugui disminuir per sota del valor mínim en els veïns. Finalment, es proposa un nou mètode per ajustar el temps d'arribada del foc a les dades perimetrals observades, que es pot utilitzar per generar un historial artificial de l'incendi, que pot utilitzar-se per spin up el model atmosfèric per tal de començar una simulació des d'un perímetre de foc observat. La idea principal és minimitzar una funció objectiu no lineal, que satisfà l'equació eikonal quan va a 0. Aquest nou mètode, a diferència de la posició o les correccions de temps additives, respecta la dependència de la velocitat de propagació en la topografia, canvis diürns en la humitat del combustible, vents, així com la heterogeneïtat espacial del combustible. Aquest mètode d'interpolació es pot usar per assimilar els perímetres de foc i les deteccions de foc satelitals al model acoblat de atmosfera-foc. Damages resulting from wildfires have arisen as a major threat worldwide. Properly accounting for the interaction between the fire and the atmosphere surrounding the hazard could aid fire fighters and civil protection staff in making more informed, better decisions during an ongoing event. In that sense, WRF-SFIRE is a wildfire simulator which couples the meteorological model WRF-ARW and the fire spread model SFIRE solving Rothermel's equation through the level set method. This model solves the complex interaction between the atmosphere and the fire through a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. However, it has some limitations which provide the motivation for this investigation. The aforementioned coupled system needs to run fast enough to assure real-time execution. A deep analysis of the parallelism programmed in WRF-SFIRE is an important matter to get operational results. The best way to run WRF-SFIRE fast is using a distributed memory parallelism with MPI, but it has some limitations because of the dimension of the division of the domain. Another important element of WRF-SFIRE, which evolves the fire being modeled and keeps it updated, is the level set method. The level set method with strong and heterogeneous rates of spread suffers from instabilities, resulting in spurious fires. This is solved by enforcing the constraint that the level set function at a point may not decrease below the minimum value at neighbors. Finally, a new method of fitting the fire arrival time to observed perimeter data is proposed. This new method can be used to generate an artificial fire history, which can be used to spin up the atmospheric model for the purpose of starting a simulation from the observed fire perimeter. The main idea is to minimize a non-linear objective function, which is zero when the fire arrival time satisfies the eikonal equation. This new method, unlike position or additive time corrections, respects the dependence of the fire rate of spread on topography, diurnal changes of fuel moisture, winds, as well as spatial fuel heterogeneity. This interpolation method could be used to assimilate fire perimeters and satellite fire detections into the coupled atmosphere-fire model.