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Erratum After publication of this article [1] we noticed that the centromere of Chromosome 3 was missing from Fig. 4a, and that the Fig. 4e y-axis should read ‘CG meth. Div. W-Acc.’. The y-axis of the barplot in Fig. 5a should read ‘Number of cytosines’. The corrected Figs. 4 and 5 are shown below.

Cervical dystonia (CD) is the most frequent form of focal dystonia. Symptoms often result in pain and functional disability. Local injections of botulinum neurotoxin are currently the treatment of choice for CD. Although this treatment has proven effective and is widely applied worldwide, many issues still remain open in the clinical practice. We performed a systematic review of the literature on botulinum toxin treatment for CD based on a question-oriented approach, with the aim to provide practical recommendations for the treating clinicians. Key questions from the clinical practice were explored. Results suggest that while the beneficial effect of botulinum toxin treatment on different aspects of CD is well established, robust evidence is still missing concerning some practical aspects, such as dose equivalence between different formulations, optimal treatment intervals, treatment approaches, and the use of supportive techniques including electromyography or ultrasounds. Established strategies to prevent or manage common side effects (including excessive muscle weakness, pain at injection site, dysphagia) and potential contraindications to this treatment (pregnancy and lactation, use of anticoagulants, neurological comorbidities) should also be further explored.

Vrouwen zijn nog steeds ondervertegenwoordigd in academische topposities. Een van de mogelijke verklaringen hiervoor is het toegenomen belang van het binnenhalen van onderzoeksfinanciering. Vrouwen scoren hierop vaak slechter dan mannen. Psychologisch onderzoekers dr. Romy van der Lee en prof. dr. Naomi Ellemers onderzochten of dit verschil ook bij NWO bestaat, en waar het mee te maken heeft. Uit een wetenschappelijke analyse van drie Veni-rondes blijkt dat vrouwelijke aanvragers door beoordelaars lager geprioriteerd worden.

People with complex information needs are for example Humanities researchers, who need advanced search engines to investigate their research questions. Much can be gained by combining research datasets, reusing tools and serendipitously discovering new insights for further research. Humanities researchers have different (large-scale) research datasets and tools, which are described differently with metadata. We present a highly interactive advanced search engine for Humanities researchers that semantically converges differently structured metadata records from different collections and institutions. It has features that support serendipitous and focused search in context based on the structure of the metadata used. This single system serves Humanities researchers by allowing them to search interactively across yet unexplored (research) data, discover patterns, locate relevant data for new insights, and find existing tools that could provide novel use cases.

In our laboratory we work on the quantification of heavy metal pollution in fluvial sediments of which sedimentological description, facial assignment, post-depositional stability and dating are incomplete or missing. Without such fundamental knowledge the only robust information is apparently the absolute concentration of heavy metals. Due to local geochemical differences and heavy metal sorting by fluvial transport and pedogenesis, the actual level of anthropogenic contamination is usually considered inconclusive when the enrichment factor EF

With over 220 million Muslims, Indonesia has the largest community of Muslims in the world. Nevertheless, Indonesian Muslims do not play a role in global Muslim thought and action that is commensurate with their numbers. Indonesian Muslims have been eager to learn from Arab as well as Indian, Turkish and Persian thinkers, but do not seem to think they may have something valuable to offer in return. In Indonesian bookshops one finds the translated works of classical and modern Arabic authors, as well as studies of and by major Indian, Pakistani, Iranian and Turkish authors. But Malaysia is the only other country where one can find works by Indonesian Muslim authors, and there are virtually no serious studies of Indonesian Islam by scholars of other Muslim nations. The Arab world has shown a remarkable lack of interest in Asia in general, let alone in the social and cultural forms of Islam in Southeast Asia. Though more outward looking, other Muslim regions of Asia have not taken a serious interest in their Southeast Asian co-religionists either.

Supervisory control of discrete-event systems with a global safety specification and with only local supervisors is a diffcult problem. For global specifications the equivalent conditions for local control synthesis to equal global control synthesis may not be met. This paper formulates and solves a control synthesis problem for a generator with a global specifcation and with a combination of a coordinator and local controllers. Conditional controllability is proven to be an equivalent condition for the existence of such a coordinated controller. A procedure to compute the least restrictive solution is also provided in this paper and conditions are stated under which the result of our procedure coincides with the supremal controllable sublanguage.