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From an Ancient Egyptian plague to the Black Death and Spanish flu, epidemics have often spurred societal transformations. Understanding why can help us create a better world after covid-19

These memoirs span the first fifty years of the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC). They are the personal observations and remembrance of Prof. Henk Timmerman, who witnessed how the EFMC developed since its inception in December 1969, and are published at the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the EFMC. They include, with permission from the EFMC, material that was previously published in EFMC newsletters. These texts are for the first time united and completed, to tell the history of an organization that has accompanied and shaped the development of medicinal chemistry in Europe. They also highlight, through facts and anecdotes, the role of the men and women who are the scientific leaders and drivers of this extended scientific community.

This submission contains three tomographic datasets of a fragment of fabric woven in tapestry weave. The data is collected at three different zoom levels to achieve different reconstructed image resolution. The data is made available as part of [Bossema 2020].

If you take diversity of perspectives and traditions into account, writing the history of geography is less straightforward than it once seemed. Instead of writing a necessarily biased and partial history, this entry discusses the practice of writing histories of geography, taking as starting point that any history of geography is situated in space and time. We consider why situatedness matters and explore the consequences of foregrounding the geography of geography. Subsequently, we discuss the range of ways in which a history of geography can be written, from following the transmission of ideas through space-time to (nationally situated) canons and the wide variety of blends those approaches can generate. Lastly, we reconsider why histories of geographies are written and why they matter, not just as cautionary tales but as building blocks for a forward-looking engaged pluralist geographical praxis.

Verbal communication disorders are a hallmark of many neurological and psychiatric illnesses. Recent developments in computational analysis provide objective characterizations of these language abnormalities. We conducted a meta-analysis assessing semantic space models as a diagnostic or prognostic tool in psychiatric or neurological disorders. Diagnostic test accuracy analyses revealed reasonable sensitivity and specificity and high overall efficacy in differentiating between patients and controls (n=1680: Hedges' g=.73, p=.001). Analyses of full sentences (Hedges' g=.95 p

In this study we apply an evidence-based approach to model population-size fluctuations and their corresponding impact on land use during the Roman and early-medieval periods in the Rhine-Meuse delta in the present-day Netherlands. Past-population numbers are reconstructed based on Roman and early-medieval settlement patterns. Corresponding impacts of these demographic fluctuations on potential land use are calculated by integrating the newly developed demographic overviews with archaeological and geoscientific data using a new land-use model termed 'Past Land-Use Scanner' (PLUS). The primary aims are to reconstruct first-millennium palaeodemographics and to explore the potential of simulation modelling for testing the feasibility of archaeological hypotheses regarding past land use. Results show that in the study area the first millennium AD was characterised by two periods during which major population growth occurred: the middle-Roman period (AD 70-270) and early-medieval period C (AD 725-950). A major demographic decline of 78-85% occurred during the late-Roman period (AD 270-450), after which first-millennium population numbers never again reached middle-Roman period levels. The modelling outcomes demonstrate that the impact of population fluctuations (growth vs decline) on the limits of the natural landscape during the first millennium in general was low. During these thousand years, the natural landscape almost without exception (only scenario D deviates) provided sufficient options for arable farming, meadows and pastures and was not a limiting factor for population growth. These results underline the added value of simulation modelling for testing the feasibility of archaeological hypotheses and analysing human-landscape interactions in the past.