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International audience

International audience

International audience

International audience

International audience; The article is dedicated to aspects of a journalist’s work published between 1996–2014 inthe professional monthly magazine Press, aimed at people interested in media, advertisement andpublic relations. These statements help other media professionals become familiar with the workexperience of their colleagues, as well as help acquaint new entrants to the profession with the rules,difficulties and dilemmas associated with this work. The author classifies and defines three typesof published texts: those written in an instructional form, those which approach the conventionsof an informative article, and finally, copyright protected publications. An analysis of these textsleads to a conclusion that the primary aims of the publication have led its authors to focus attentionon perceptions and the practical dimensions of the knowledge being shared. They use detailed descriptions,and have gradually abandoned ready solutions, encouraging readers instead to considera range of possibilities; they also illustrate their suggestions with examples from personal experience.They do not fail to provide enlightening recollections of their own mistakes or detail the difficultbeginnings of their own careers. The role models presented demand from the reader an abilityto synthesize various elements. The original structure of the publication as well as its thoughtful andrecollection-driven approach to the subject helps to achieve this. An awareness of the technical natureof texts urges experienced journalists to explain in plain terms the ins and outs of the professionby presenting specific events, making comparisons, and offering brief advice or warnings. This alsorelates to the language of expression they use, which makes even the official and hackneyed style ofinstructional discourse easy to understand.

International audience

traduction en polonais d’Elzbieta Koziolkiewicztraduction du titre de l'ouvrage en français : Rencontre de la polonistique des Trois Pays — Chine, Corée, Japon; Colloque international, Université de Canton Chine; International audience; Europe meets Asia in Siberia through W ludzkiej i leśnej kniei by Ferdynand Ossendowski (1923)Ferdynand Ossendowski (1876 – 1945) traveled through Mongolia and Siberia . He was a Polish scientist, a geologist, who was doing some research with a Russsian team. His book, Man and Mystery in Asia, relates his scientific missions and his adventures between 1898 and 1905 in the Iénissei region, the Sakhaline Island, the Altaï Mountains, Mongolia and Sinkiang. The first part of this study deals with the representation of the Asian peoples in this text. The traveler meets Mongolians, Chinese, Corean and Japanese people. The diversity of the population (there were also Europeans : Russians, Cossacks, Poles,) is explained by the historical, political and economic situation of the region at the time. The analysis is not limited to portraits and descriptions. The aim is also to understand the interactions between these different populations. From a literary point of view, does the writer relate his own experience of otherness ? Or is it ethnocentrism that prevails ? In fact, his testimony is as close to an adventure story as to the narration of a scientific mission, a travel narrative or a report. The Far West - like atmosphere that reigns over the steppe and in town, in Vladivostok for example, reminds the readers of the North American adventure stories that were very popular between World War I and World War II in Poland as well as in western Europe. And the specialists of this writer have already underlined the influence of this genre (Sienkiewicz, but also Karl May and Jack London) as well as that of the first westerns, on Ossendowski's fiction. The second part of this article therefore aims to show that Ossendowski has written an anticolonial western, where the local people play the role of the Indians and the Russians that of the settlers. This model contributes to the “westernization” of the reality of Central Asia and the Russian Far East that is described. It unveils a short-lived and exciting time, that of the birth of capitalism, very much like what the United States had experienced just before the Chinese (1912, 1949), Russian (1917) and Mongolian (1920-21) revolutions burst out and made Ossendowski a fugitive under the threat of death penalty by the bolcheviks.

Document disponible en ligne :http://docplayer.pl/11817173-Wies-i-rolnictwo-1-1-2015-kwartalnik-166-1-instytut-rozwoju-wsi-i-rolnictwa-polska-akademia-nauk.html; International audience; Family farming is the dominant form of agricultural production in the contemporary world. It fulfills various important economic (food security, employment, etc.) as well as other (social, environmental, etc.) functions. It is an extremely differentiated phenomenon resulting from various interrelationships among such factors, as: access to resources, investment potential, self-consumption, relations between farms and the market, families’ vocational activities, differentiation and specialization of production, substitution of family work-force by capital, the goals for the functioning of the farm as well as results of actions. Modern and intensive family farms in highly developed countries (Western Europe, North America, Australia) are a result of a so-called conventional (classic) way of modernization and account for only 2% of all family farms existing in the contemporary world. This implies that the result of a so-called “industrial revolution” in agriculture is not observed all over the world. It also means that the repetition of this “classic” way of modernization resulting in the growing level of productivity and a structural diversification in agricultural economy seems to be a impossible goal in the coming decades. This can be attributed, to the effects of demographic pressure, food shortages and a lack of financial resources especially in Asia and Africa. Basing on such a diagnosis the author suggests a re-definition of global policies focused on family farming. There should be a more integrative and multi-sector approach taking into consideration such issue as: diversity of the family farming phenomenon, multi-functionality of family farms, treating them as an important type of a public good, control of market mechanisms and speculation issues, strengthening of cooperation and risk reduction activities in agriculture as well as the relation between the family and the farm. Such an approach requires new institutional frameworks for family farming and for agricultural policies to take into consideration territorial and regional differences.

International audience

International audience