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The Constitutional court in Brno abolished the constitutional act on shortening the electoral term of the Chamber of Deputies due to the alleged conflict to the Constitution. The Constitutional court did so without being expressly entitled to it by the Constitution. Extraordinary elections took place on the base of a special constitutional act, this practice was applied repeatedly within the effective legal order in the Czech Republic and it became a constitutional convention. Abolition of a constitutional act which was enacted by the qualified majority within the right procedure is in conflict to the constitutional command which states that the Constitutional court is bound by the constitutional acts. If the Constitutional court designates the constitutional act as something what is not a constitutional act, then the others can designate the judgment of the Constitutional court as something what is not a judgment and can refuse to respect it. Such a consequence of the conduct of the Constitutional court is a serious violation of the principle of the legal certainty. Text se zabývá rozhodnutím Ústavního soudu v Brně, kterým si v roce 2009 přisvojil pravomoc rušit ústavní zákony, když zrušil ústavní zákon o zkrácení volebního období Poslanecké sněmovny pro údajný rozpor s ústavním zákonem č. 1/1993 Sb., Ústava. Ústavní soud tak učinil, aniž mu Ústava takovou pravomoc výslovně dává, v situaci, kdy cesta k mimořádným volbám formou speciálního ústavního zákona byla aplikována v právním řádu platném na území Čech, Moravy a Slezska opakovaně a stala se ústavní zvyklostí. Zrušení ústavního zákona přijatého správnou procedurou a příslušnou kvalifikovanou většinou je v rozporu s ústavním příkazem o vázanosti Ústavního soudu ústavními zákony. Pokud může Ústavní soud označit ústavní zákon za něco, co podle něj ústavním zákonem není, mohou jiní označit nález Ústavního soudu za něco, co nálezem není a odmítnout jej respektovat. Takovýto důsledek jednání Ústavního soudu je vážným narušením právní jistoty.

In this paper, we present two pipelines in order to reduce the feature space for anomalydetection using the One Class SVM. As a first stage of both pipelines, we compare the performanceof three convolutional autoencoders. We use the PCA method together with t-SNE as the first pipelineand the reconstruction errors based method as the second. Both methods have potential for theanomaly detection, but the reconstruction error metrics prove to be more robust for this task. Weshow that the convolutional autoencoder architecture doesn’t have a significant effect for this task andwe prove the potential of our approach on the real world dataset.

The globalisation of the world has a human face – growing international migration. This phenomenon raises various issues in the fields of politics, demography, culture, religion and national security... and of course labour law. This book examines the topic from several different angles, such as the precarisation of migrant workers, equal treatment, posting of workers, and forced labour. The final chapter analyses the legal system of the Czech Republic and its challenges with regard to international migration. The team of authors is composed of academics from various Central and Eastern European countries. Globalizace světa má svou lidskou tvář – rostoucí mezinárodní migraci. Tento fenomén vyvolává různé otázky v oblasti politiky, demografie, kultury, náboženství a národní bezpečnosti… a samozřejmě pracovního práva. Kniha se zabývá tímto tématem z několika různých úhlů pohledu, jako je prekarizace migrujících pracovníků, rovné zacházení s nimi, vysílání pracovníků do zahraničí a nucená práce. Závěrečná kapitola analyzuje právní systém České republiky a jeho výzvy v souvislosti s mezinárodní migrací. Autorský kolektiv je složen z akademiků z různých zemí střední a východní Evropy.

We propose the model combining convolutional neural network with multiple instancelearning in order to localize the premature atrial contraction and premature ventricular contraction.The model is based on ResNet architecture modified for 1D signal processing. Model was trainedon China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 database extended by manually labeled ground truthpositions of premature complexes. The presented method did not reach satisfying results in PAClocalization (with dice = 0.127 for avg-pooling implementation). On the other hand, results of localizationof PVCs were comparable with other published studies (with dice = 0.952 for avg-poolingimplementation).

The paper focuses on Margaret Atwood’s novels Oryx and Crakeand The Year of the Floodand considers ways in which the pandemic of her dystopian world may, to various degrees, serve as a reflection of the COVID-19 global pandemic in 2020. The setting of both novels is the same dystopian world, however, they each present different ideological takes on dealing with a pandemic. The paper analyses the creation of Crakers as the new humanoid species, which are supposed to inhabit the earth in its post-pandemic state. It reflects not only political andsocial structures Atwood borrowed from the real-world, but also types of behavior that somepolitical national leaders currently display. While the first novel addresses the issuesof power, exploitation, and the God complex; The Year of the Flood, with its two female characters, investigates dealingwith the pandemic via the lens of ecofem-inism, ecology, nature, and sustainability. Conversely to Crake’s elitist megalo-maniac ideas that leave the world and its state largely out of the discussion,in the second novel, Atwood connects to the ecology of the post-pandemic world and focuses on ways of understanding it from the natural, rather than ideological standpoint. The paper considers these opposing viewpoints and shows defamil-iarized versions reflected in the current state of the real world. In relation to that, correlations between fictional and real-life dichotomies of masculine and femi-nine perspectives on handling the pandemic both in the real world as well as in the novel are also discussed.

SILON s.r.o is manufacturer of polyester fibres which get used in wide range of applications, many of them requiring highest quality material. Due to manufacturing processes, some fibres are not drawn properly and stay in the fiber as bundles, or brittle, thick threads. Proposed lab station should automate process of quality check of each batch. It consists of linescan camera scanner and computer with software for detection and analysis of defects.

This paper deals with proposed 2nd order universal frequency filter. In design of this frequency filter, multiple-output current follower (MO-CF) and digitally adjustable current amplifier (DACA) have been used. The frequency filter is proposed with ability to control the pole frequency without disturbing the selected quality factor by parameter of DACA active elements in form of integrated circuit. Design is supported by simulation and also measurement results.

The new mineral chenowethite,Mg(H2O)6[(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2]5H2O, was found in efflorescence crusts on tunnel walls at the Blue Lizard, Green Lizard andMarkey uraniummines in Red Canyon, San Juan County, Utah, USA. In this work the mineral's structure and its properties were studied and the results are presented.

In 1939, due to WWII and the Nuremberg Laws, the revolutionary Czech structural engineer Jaroslav J. Polívka arrived in the United States. After his arrival, he started a research job at UC Berkeley, renewed his engineering practice, and offered his services to the US military as many businesspersons did during this era. Polívka worked for Henry Kaiser who turned Richmond, CA, into a vibrant, fast developing workers city. New residential districts, hospitals, hangars, docks, and warehouses were built there. Henry Kaiser approached the structural development of the city in the same way he revolutionized the construction of battleships: from prefabricated, standardized parts. He supported research and development of new technologies. Mobile, round-shaped hospitals from prefabricated aluminum frames were one of the results of that research. In 1946, Jaroslav J. Polívka introduced himself to the “starchitect” Frank Lloyd Wright. A productive mutual co-operation that lasted 13 years and resulted in eight spectacular projects had started and Polívka, who had been working on extensive research both at UC Berkeley and Stanford University, came up with many technological, structural, and material innovations over the period. In 1957, Henry Kaiser funded the construction of one of the two geodesic domes designed by Richard Buckminster Fuller in Hawaii and in the process he invited Frank Lloyd Wright to consult the project. Jaroslav J. Polívka was probably in direct contact with Fuller, since he wanted to include him in his unfinished project of an encyclopedia of the world-famous structural engineers. On this particular story and a social matrix evolving around Henry Kaiser and Frank Lloyd Wright, the lecture seeks to rethink architectural global modernism as a cooperative project rather than a series of individual innovations manifested by isolated genius figures.

Straipsnyje vertinamas santykinis ES bankų sektorių pajamų ir išlaidų veiksmingumas pasitelkus 2008- 2015 metų duomenis iš 28 bankų sistemų. Pasirinktų šalių analizės pagal duomenų apimties analizės modelį (angį. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) rezultatai atskleidžia reikšmingus tirtų šalių skirtumus. Išlaidų veiksmingumas svyravo nuo 13,39 iki 100 proc. Kita vertus, pajamų veiksmingumas svyravo nuo 24,30 iki 100 proc. Straipsnyje taip pat analizuojamas trijų bankų sektorių grupių, paskirstytų pagal viso turto dydį, veiksmingumas. Rezultatai rodo, kad dideli bankų sektoriai yra veiksmingesni išlaidų ir pajamų atžvilgiu, o mažiausiai paveikūs yra mažos grupės bankų sektoriai. Paskutinėje straipsnio dalyje analizuojamas keturių pagrindinių vadinamųjų Europos regionų veiksmingumas. Remiantis analizės rezultatais galima teigti, kad veiksmingumas Šiaurės ir Vakarų Europos bankų sektoriuose buvo didesnis nei vidutinis; kita vertus, Pietų ir Rytų Europos bankų sektoriuose veiksmingumas buvo mažesnis nei vidutinis visoje imtyje. Remiantis paskirstymo hipotezės testų rezultatais, buvo pastebėti žymūs skirtingų dydžių ir šalių, paveiktų (ar nepaveiktų) krizės bankų sektorių veiksmingumo skirtumai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Bankų sektorius; DEA; Išlaidų veiksmingumas; Pajamų veiksmingumas; Banking sector; Cost efficiency; DEA; European Union countries; Revenue efficiency; Europos Sąjunga (European Union) The purpose of this study is to examine the revenue and cost efficiency of banking sectors within the European Union during the period from 2008 to 2015 using the extension of basic Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The technique of advanced DEA is applied due to its flexibility to include multiple inputs and multiple outputs, and their prices to measure relative efficiency within the dataset under the defined criteria. After the estimation of efficiencies, the nonparametric test for equality of densities is used to test whether two given distributions, estimated nonparametrically via kernel smoothing, differ statistically. The relatively new methodology prepared by Li et aL (2009) is applied to examine the differences in terms of the size, European regions, and the crisis and по-crisis years.