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A special methodology is necessary for protection of built monuments due to a requirement to preserve their value. Unfortunately, there are no easily accessible and systemized knowledge concerning the nature of the causes of damage of historical objects. Presented system MONDIS can overcome this situation. The system utilizes sematic technologies for damage description from its manifestation, through its causes to possible intervention. A mobile application enabling investigation of damages directly on site is an integral part of the system.

Contribution builds on a previous post from no. 1/20151) and is engaged in the development of technical standards since 1949. In addition to historical data, the article also deals with the basic concepts and legislation relating to technical standardization and building regulations (laws) on the territory of the Czechoslovak and Czech Republic after 1949. The main part of the subchapter is also devoted to the issue of the binding nature of technical standards in the respective periods (1949–1992 and 1993–2015). Another part of the article deals with the issue of Eurocodes as the only valid European standards, dealing with designing building structures, which applies to the Czech Republic. This chapter is divided into several parts, such as. Basic information, data on the approval, the purpose of the Eurocodes, the content of the technical standards, the history, process implementation and further development of the Eurocodes. Příspěvek navazuje na předchozí příspěvek z č. 1/20151) a zabývá se vývojem technické normalizace po roce 1949. Kromě historických údajů se článek zabývá také základními pojmy a právními předpisy souvisejícími s technickou normalizací a také stavebními řády (zákony) na území Československé a České republiky po roce 1949. Součástí hlavní části je také podkapitola věnující se problematice závaznosti technických norem v daných období (1949–1992 a 1993–2015). Další část článku se zaobírá problematikou Eurokódů jakožto jediných platných evropských norem, zabývajících se navrhováním stavebních konstrukcí, které platí i na území České republiky. Tato kapitola je rozdělena na několik částí, jako jsou např. základní informace, data o schvalování, účel Eurokódů, obsah technické normy, historický vývoj, postup zavádění a další rozvoj Eurokódů.

In the text, the authors demonstrate that a Czech open-air museum was founded in Prague in 1895, well ahead other European countries. It was the first open-air museum in the then Europe south of Scandinavia. It was far ahead of its time also through the connection with a large collection museum. The original exhibition village changed into a permanent open-air museum. The Czech „skansen”, likewise the Swedish one, meant an inspiration for further exhibition and museum projects. From the very beginning of the existence of an ethnographic village at the Czechoslavic Ethnographic Exhibition, it was planned to maintain it. For subsequent six years, the village was used for ethnographic and cultural purposes, just as current open-air museums are. Its spaces were not closed and non-functional. For this reason, we could consider the ethnographic village to be „wooden heritage ̋, which does no longer exist now. Despite its uniqueness, and scholar, social and cultural benefits, the ethnographic village from the year 1895 has not survived. Its extinction in the year 1901 was caused by a wood-decay fungus. The authors believe there is still a possibility of renewing this ethnographic village.

The chapter describes a recently introduced method of design of all-wooden joints intended for replacement of decayed joists in historical wooden constructions. The described document is the result of applied research conducted at ITAM AS CR. The method description consists of both design and technological part. The first one describes the design rules including bearing capacity and deflection assessment, the latter prescribes good approaches to manufacturing of the joint which are needed for good service of the joint. Discussed is also the maintenance and control of the joints during their service life.\n

Phoebe Apperson Hearst měla velmi úspěšného vlastního syna Williama, který byl ale více jako jeho otec: tvrdý obchodník. Našla však jemnou, uměleckou duši v malíři Orrinu Peckovi (1860–1921), který byl údajně gay a který ji, ještě za života své vlastní matky, začal oslovovat „má druhá mámo.“ Na základě podrobného výzkumu jejich vzájemné korespondence v Peckově pozůstalosti se můžeme ptát, jak moc si byla progresivní, bohatá žena 19. století, jakou byla Phoebe Hearst, vědoma Peckovy sexuality a pokud ano, jestli s tím neměla problém, nebo šlo o nevyřčené tajemství mezi nimi? Jejich příběh představí historik umění Ladislav Zikmund-Lender. Phoebe Apperson Hearst had a very successful son of William, but he was more like his father: a tough businessman. However, she found a delicate, artistic soul in the painter Orrin Peck (1860–1921), who was allegedly gay and who, while still his own mother's life, began to address her as “my second mother.” Based on a detailed study of their correspondence in Peck's estate, we may ask how much a progressive, rich 19th-century woman like Phoebe Hearst was aware of Peck's sexuality, and if so, if she had no problem with it, or was it an unspoken secret between them? Their story will be presented by art historian Ladislav Zikmund-Lender.

The detailed obituary is devoted to the life and scientific contribution of Ljubomila Simeonova Solenkova (1976–2019), a Bulgarian scholar in the field of history and Bulgarian-Czech relations.

The book documents reflections of the circus in the visual arts and literature from the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century, focusing on the subject as addressed in Czech art and literature and setting it within a wider context in and beyond Europe. The historical context of the book’s subject is established in the chapter on the history of the circus and its place among the „high” arts and as popular entertainment. The next chapters trace the changing role of representations of the circus in the visual arts and literature and extending into plays and film. The book closes with a chronological outline that extends the book’s temporal scope further into the past and into the present.\n

Isotachophoresis (ITP) utilizes the formation of a permanently sharp interface between electrolytes containing substances of different mobility. Due to its specific properties, especially its ability to concentrate analytes from very diluted samples, this technique found its firm place in the field of separation methods, maintaining it successfully for over 50 years. We can argue with certainty that Czech and Slovak scientists contributed significantly to the development of ITP. In this short review, we have tried to describe the historical development of ITP in Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia. The text is arranged more or less chronologically and structured according to the individual laboratories and teams.

Článek se zabývá historií pojmů součást a příslušenství nemovitostí v občanských zákonících, které v průběhu let platili na našem území. V závěru článku jsou uvedeny důležité poznatky z nového občanského zákoníku č. 89/2012 Sb. The article deals with the history of the term part and accessory property in civil codes, , which over the years paid in the country. The article concludes with the important findings of the new Civil Code no. 89/2012 Coll.