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The Vaigat Iceberg-Microbial Oil Degradation and Archaeological Heritage Investigation (VIMOA) project records the results of archaeological survey of five sites in Greenland that are threatened by extreme weather conditions related to climate change. The project demonstrates the advantages of collaboration between archaeologists and natural scientists, and provides a repository of data to help preserve the archaeological record.

This edited volume comes with an all-encompassing title, Borderlands in World History, but it is definitely not a world history of borderlands that the editors have compiled. The book is an edited ...

This paper describes and evaluates an improved and modified version of the PALAVRAS-NER parser, adapted for the HAREM joint evaluation task of Named Entity Recognition (NER) in February 2005. Apart from an extension to over 40 semantic categories, the system was changed from a lexeme-based to a token-based description, defining NER categories as functional and context-based rather than stable and lexematic. The Constraint Grammar rule body was changed accordingly, adding new rules and applying existing heuristic and disambiguation rules to contextual re-mapping of also lexically known material. In the joint evaluation, PALAVRAS-NER achieved the best overall results, achieving top ranks for both the identification, classification and morphology tasks.

Faced with creating a grand strategy for American foreign policy in the post–Cold War world, the Clinton Administration launched the strategy of ‘Democratic Enlargement.’ This analysis makes two contributions to the existing literature on the topic. First, it investigates the role of Wilsonianism and the ‘Democratic Peace Thesis’ in the discourse of the strategy of ‘Democratic Enlargement’ based on public speeches with a focus on the relationship between democracy and security. Second, it utilises securitisation theory to analyse how Clinton’s Administration used the linkage of democracy and security to legitimise humanitarian interventions in Haiti and Kosovo. By addressing ‘Democratic Enlargement’ in security terms, the Administration securitised democracy promotion and, thereby, created a discourse that helped legitimise a gradual move towards a more militaristic foreign policy during Clinton’s presidency. This discourse offered arguments later utilised by the George W. Bush Administration.

In archaeology, the reconstruction of the relative chronology of objects (e.g. graves) is often based on absence/presence of information about finds (e.g. grave goods). Traditionally, this task is known as seriation. In this article the task is tackled by formulating a stochastic model for the relationship between the underlying grave order and the observed incidences and by analysing the data using the Bayesian method. In selecting a prior distribution the attempt has been to reflect the archaeological context, especially a potential preselection of specific types of finds suitable for the seriation task. In contrast to established methods for seriation, such as correspondence analysis, it is possible directly to describe the variability of the estimated order by analysing the posterior distribution of the order. Because the order of the graves is a non-numerical and high-dimensional parameter, special techniques for the analysis of the posterior distribution are required. Construction of a Markov chain Monte Carlo method to approximate the posterior distribution is also partially non-standard, since the distribution can be multi-modal and because a huge number of nuisance parameters are introduced to avoid parametric assumptions on the shape of the distribution of the types through time. An example illustrates the techniques and demonstrates the need for a sensitivity analysis in this setting. The framework of our approach can easily be extended either to adjust for known factors which influence the absence/presence or in order to incorporate prior information on the grave order.

This paper investigates the different forms of social interaction that emerge between young science centre visitors (aged 9–14 years) around a specific computer-based exhibit, which, like most computer-based exhibits, prioritizes an individual user. Based on video recordings, the paper shows that these young visitors, unlike adults, engage in various forms of co-participation around the exhibit. The empirical analysis compares different degrees of participation among the participants, ranging from minimal to full participation. The analysis shows that the affordances of a computer-based exhibit do not impose themselves upon visitors’ actions at that exhibit. While the exhibit has a preferred use – a ‘prescribed interaction’, which prioritizes an individual user – the schoolchildren in the study mould what may seem like natural functions of the exhibit.

DrawingGynecologic cancerHopeNewly diagnosedPhenomenologyWomenBackground: In mysterious ways, hope makes life meaningful even in chaotic anduncontrolled situations. When a woman is newly diagnosed with gynecologiccancer, hope is ineffable and needs exploring. Drawings help express ineffablephenomena. Objective: The aim of the study was to explore how women newlydiagnosed with gynecologic cancer express the meaning of hope in drawings.Method: Participants were 15 women who on the same day had received thediagnosis of gynecologic cancer. They were between 24 and 87 years (median,52 years) with a variety of gynecologic cancer diagnoses. Data from 15 drawingsand postdrawing interviews with the women were analyzed using visual andhermeneutic phenomenology. Results: Three themes emerged: hope as a spiritto move on, hope as energy through nature, and hope as a communion withfamilies. Conclusion: Hope as pictured in drawings often appears throughmetaphors and incorporates internal, external, and relational aspects. With otherwords, inner willpower, experiences in open nature, and closeness to loved onescontribute to hope when newly diagnosed with gynecologic cancer. Implicationfor Practice: The use of drawings in clinical situations might give cancernurses new perceptions of hope and other phenomena. Patients might feel threatand despair when diagnosed with cancer; they need gentle truth about reality,and they long for being together with loved ones. Nurses are in a unique positionto enable hope in this situation through listening and active engagement.Drawing might be a tool in understanding the hope. Drawings picture wherewords come short.Hope Drawn by Women With Gynecologic Cancer

Like many other major European media corporations the Danish Broadcasting Corporation (DR) has begun the digitisation of its audio-visual archives. This transformation from analogue to digital archives raises a number of questions regarding the archive specific character, history and content of the broadcast material. Furthermore, the digitisation process renders visible a number of problems. This includes possible access for researchers, general availability of the content, permission to present archival material in the public domain, problems all related to intellectual property rights. The article will present the historical broadcast archive from a cultural historical and media policy perspective, suggesting that the cultural heritage of state owned audio-visual archives remains a contested area not only due to the existing copyright laws but to aspects of historical contextualisation as well. The article presents this perspective through a case study consisting of 48 radio programmes all related to the clearing of the children’s playground “The Builder”/ Byggeren in Copenhagen in May 1980. The case study underlines the complicated institutional and cultural political implications in which the historic audio-visual source material is situated.

Udgivelsesdato: 2006-null The incidence of youth suicides has increased dramatically among the Inuit in Greenland since the modernization started in the 1950s. Suicides currently peak at age 15-24 Men: 400-500, Women: 100-150 per 100,000 person-years. The methods are drastic: shooting or hanging. An early peak was seen in the capital, a later peak in the rest of West Greenland, and high and increasing rates in remote East Greenland. Suicidal thoughts occur more often in young people who grew up in homes with a poor emotional environment, alcohol problems and violence. There is a definite correlation with several aspects of the modernization process but it is hard to pinpoint causal relationships. It is rather the "modernization package" that should be regarded as risk factors for suicides.