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Resumo Objetivou-se verificar a adesão às medidas de prevenção em idosos com maior predisposição a formas graves de COVID-19 e sua associação e interação com o apoio social. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em amostra de 3.477 participantes do inquérito telefônico do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (iniciativa ELSI-COVID-19), que informaram ter saído de casa na semana anterior à realização do inquérito. A adesão foi aferida pela frequência com que saiu de casa, necessidade de sair de casa, uso de máscara e higienização das mãos. As análises basearam-se no modelo Poisson com variância robusta. Idade ≥ 65 anos, hipertensão, diabetes e obesidade foram considerados fatores predisponentes para formas graves de COVID-19. O apoio social incluiu o arranjo domiciliar e a conexão social na pandemia. Aproximadamente 46% apresentaram melhor adesão, que foi associada positivamente ao número de fatores predisponentes para formas graves. O apoio social não foi associado à adesão e não modificou essa associação, após ajustamentos. Conclui-se que a adesão às medidas de prevenção, que deveria ser estendida a todos, está concentrada nos idosos com maior predisposição a formas graves de COVID-19, independentemente do apoio social.

Abstract There are large differences in the shape and size of regional SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in Brazil. Here we tested monthly blood donation samples for IgG antibodies from March 2020 to March 2021 in eight of Brazil’s most populous cities. There was large variation in the inferred attack rate adjusted for seroreversion across cities, and seroprevalence was consistently smaller in women and donors older than 55 years. The age-specific infection fatality rate differed between cities and consistently increased with age. The infection hospitalisation rate (IHR) increased significantly during the gamma-dominated second wave in Manaus, suggesting increased morbidity of the Gamma VOC compared to previous variants circulating in Manaus. The higher disease penetrance associated with the health system’s collapse increased the overall IFR by a minimum factor of 2.91 (95% CrI 2.43–3.53). These results demonstrate large heterogeneity in epidemic spread and highlight the utility of blood donor serosurveillance to monitor SARS-CoV-2 epidemics.

CoronaVac, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, has been approved for emergency use in several countries. However, its immunogenicity in immunocompromised individuals has not been well established. We initiated a prospective phase 4 controlled trial (no. NCT04754698, CoronavRheum) in 910 adults with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) and 182 age- and sex-frequency-matched healthy adults (control group, CG), who received two doses of CoronaVac. The primary outcomes were reduction of ≥15% in both anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroconversion (SC) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) positivity 6 weeks (day 69 (D69)) after the second dose in the ARD group compared with that in the CG. Secondary outcomes were IgG SC and NAb positivity at D28, IgG titers and neutralizing activity at D28 and D69 and vaccine safety. Prespecified endpoints were met, with lower anti-SARS-Cov-2 IgG SC (70.4 versus 95.5%, P 0.001) and NAb positivity (56.3 versus 79.3%, P 0.001) at D69 in the ARD group than in the CG. Moreover, IgG titers (12.1 versus 29.7, P 0.001) and median neutralization activity (58.7 versus 64.5%, P = 0.013) were also lower at D69 in patients with ARD. At D28, patients with ARD presented with lower IgG frequency (18.7 versus 34.6%, P 0.001) and NAb positivity (20.6 versus 36.3%, P 0.001) than that of the CG. There were no moderate/severe adverse events. These data support the use of CoronaVac in patients with ARD, suggesting reduced but acceptable short-term immunogenicity. The trial is still ongoing to evaluate the long-term effectiveness/immunogenicity.

Resumen: Los pacientes transplantados renales presentan una elevada tasa de letalidad después de la infección por síndrome respiratorio agudo grave 2(Sars-CoV-2). Además de esto, la respuesta inmune de vacuna es menor y menos duradera, lo que los torna más susceptibles a formas graves, incluso cuando están vacunados. Las evidencias sugieren que, además de la edad avanzada y de la elevada prevalencia de comorbilidades frecuentemente asociadas a un peor pronóstico, como diabetes, obesidad y enfermedades cardiovasculares, la inmunosupresión prolongada ejerce un efecto independiente sobre los resultados. De hecho, la respuesta inmune adaptativa celular y humoral, la cual está inhibida por la inmunosupresión, es un paso fundamental para la resolución de la infección por Sars-CoV-2. Por otro lado, la inhibición linfocitaria podría modular la producción aberrante de citoquinas proinflamatorias que resultan en el grave comprometimiento pulmonar, amenizando la gravedad del cuadro. Además de esto, algunos fármacos inmunosupresores poseen propiedades antivirales, potencialmente aplicables al coronavirus. Esta revisión narrativa tuvo como objetivo discutir las evidencias disponibles sobre el impacto de los fármacos inmunosupresores sobre los resultados del Covid-19 en transplantados renales

This article aims to summarize the effects of home training performed during the COVID-19 lockdown on physical performance and perceptual responses among team-sport athletes. Studies with comparison of pre-post lockdown results of physical performance and perceptual responses were considered. A search was made in PubMed and SPORTDiscus databases. The PICO criteria were used for the keywords "athlete" AND "home-based training" AND "performance" OR "mental health", with their respective entry terms. The multistage process of selection followed the PRISMA 2020 recommendations. Of 586 records identified, 9 articles were available for the final process. Physical performance was evaluated for 8 studies with the VO

Due to COVID-19 pandamic, students all over the country had to get detached from the normal flow of education. The non-government schools of the urban areas started online education using mainly Zoom and WhatsApp media platforms. This study explores the challenges experienced by both teachers and students during the COVID-19 pandemic while involved in the mathematics teaching-learning process. The study followed an exploratory case study research design. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews via zoom/ mobile phone meetings with 10 primary school teachers and 20 students of primary level and analysed thematically. Also, 10 online primary mathematics classes were observed for data triangulation. This study explored three perspectives curriculum-related challenges, teacher’s challenges and students’ challenges. It is found that appropriateness of the content, alignment of contents concerning time schedules, curriculum objectives and teaching strategies proposed in the curriculum are the major curriculum-related challenges faced by teachers while conducting mathematics classes online. Besides, delivering the lecture, managing the class, assessing students, teachers’ lack of technological knowledge and availability of physical facilities were also identified as challenges in terms of teachers’ perspective. Another finding of this study is that students faced different challenges (e.g. technological, motivational, collaborative work, homework, feedback, and home environment) while learning through an online platform. Based on the study’s findings, the practical implications for academic institutions, curriculum developers, teachers’ trainers and policymakers have been articulated. Vol. 48 (University of Dhaka Centennial Special Issue), June 2022 p.185-203

Este estudo teórico objetiva examinar os impactos da racionalidade tecnológica sobre a educação dos corpos infantis em tempos pandêmicos. Parte da recomposição do processo de escolarização, ocasionada pela crise sanitária gerada pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), para avaliar possíveis repercussões sobre a formação corporal no contexto de ensino remoto. Baseia-se nas contribuições da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade e, embora reconheça a importância de futuros cotejamentos com dados empíricos, já identifica indícios da persistência de uma lógica produtiva, típica do mundo administrado, uma vez que o corpo continua sendo convocado a se submeter e a se sacrificar.