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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Shen, Wutian;

    Al-0.3Mn was prepared by permanent steel mold casting (PMSC) with three different section thicknesses of 6, 10, 20 mm, and also by squeeze casting (SC) with a cross-sectional thickness of 20 mm under an applied pressure of 90 MPa. The first group of samples was employed to investigate the difference in mechanical and electrical properties between the PSMC Al-0.3Mn Alloy and high-purity (HP) Al (99.9%). The results of tensile testing indicated that the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) of the cast HP Al significantly increased to 72.3 and 20.4 MPa from 59.2 and 14.0 MPa. However, the elongation (ef ) and electrical conductivity of the cast alloy decreased to 28.9% and 45.6 %IACS from 37.1% and 61.1 %IACS. The large area fraction (2.1%) of the micron Al-Fe-Mn and nano Al-Mn phases in the PSMC Al-0.3%Mn alloy should be responsible for the difference in mechanical and electrical properties between the PSMC Al-0.3Mn alloy and the PSMC HP Al. The second group of samples was used to study the effect of section thicknesses on microstructure, mechanical and electrical properties of the PSMC Al-0.3Mn alloy. The UTS, YS, ef, and elastic modulus (E) of the alloy increased, when the section thickness of the PSMC Al-0.3Mn decreased to 6 mm from 20 mm. However, the porosity level increased to 1.25% from 2.58% with increasing the thickness to 20 mm from 6 mm, respectively. The fine microstructure and low porosity level resulted in the high mechanical properties and electrical conductivities of the 6 mm sample

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Scholarship at UWind...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Scholarship at UWindsor
    Thesis . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Scholarship at UWind...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Scholarship at UWindsor
      Thesis . 2023
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Rivers, Nicholas J;
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Simon Fraser Univers...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Simon Fraser Univers...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Liu, Yanxia;

    This work presents and investigates a novel high-performance antenna design for remote sensing and satellite communications applications that is compact and lightweight. The performance requirements include dual-polarization, wide impedance bandwidth, low cross-polarization, high gain, and high aperture efficiency. To simultaneously achieve all these qualities is challenging and a combination of compatible performance enhancement techniques was selected and derived. A new antenna design, namely an octagonal cavity-backed radiating open prism (OCROP) antenna, was first introduced. The antenna is orthogonally and differentially fed to provide dual-polarization and low cross-polarization. The impedance bandwidth is increased by combining the resonances from the radiating feedlines and the open prism. The corner truncated octagonal ground cavity, instead of a more commonly seen square ground plane or square ground cavity, is used to further suppress the cross-polarization and enhance the gain and aperture efficiency. To show the superiority of the octagonal design, it was compared with a square ground cavity backed antenna. To further improve the gain of this novel antenna, its array and flared configurations are considered, investigated, and compared. The array design offers higher gain and aperture efficiency, while the flared design can provide lower cross-polarization. To achieve higher gain with the flared design, a larger flare angle was chosen which increased cross-polarization. To remedy the problem of the increased cross-polarization, a new iris design concept is proposed and investigated. It shows that this method can successfully suppress the cross-polarization of the flared design. This concept is general and has the potential to be applied to other types of aperture antennas. The design concepts and the simulation results are verified by fabricating and testing two prototypes, i.e., with and without a flare.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ MSpace at the Univer...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Sutcliffe, Lee;

    Grassland songbird populations are in steep decline across North America, largely due to habitat loss. Oil and gas infrastructure and its associated noise are one of several factors impacting the remaining grasslands. Oil well operating noise affects the breeding behavior of several bird species, but the effects of drilling noise are less understood. Drilling noise occurs at a louder amplitude than chronic operating noise and is more unpredictable, which may affect songbirds to a greater extent. Chestnut-collared longspurs (Calcarius ornatus) are a species at risk in Canada and are dependent on mixed-grass prairie, much of which is impacted by oil and gas development. To determine the effects of oil well drilling noise on chestnut-collared longspur parental behavior, I created an experimental noise system and deployed cameras on 63 chestnut-collared longspur nests between 2019 and 2021 in southern Alberta. I reviewed and recorded parental behavior across over 800 hours of nest videos. I also measured the brood mass and the age at fledge at each nest to determine the effects of drilling well noise and parental care on nestling condition. Chestnut-collared longspur males provided less care near drilling noise, while female care was unaffected. Additionally, the infrastructure itself may have provided preferable foraging opportunities as parental care was higher closer to infrastructure. Nestling condition was not impacted by changes in paternal care, but surprisingly, more female care was associated with lower brood mass and a younger age at fledge. Drilling noise, independent of parental care, was associated with lower brood mass and an older age at fledge close to the infrastructure. My results suggest that the impacts of drilling noise on nestlings is not due to the effects of noise on parental care, even though paternal care is affected by drilling noise. Changes in both brood mass and the age at fledge have an impact on fledgling survival in songbirds and may affect population recruitment in chestnut-collared longspurs. Therefore, it is important to consider management strategies such as erecting temporary sound barriers or postponing drilling during peak breeding season to reduce the effects of drilling noise on chestnut-collared longspurs.

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  • Authors: Thompson, Shanley Dawn;

    Satellite imagery such as Landsat has been in use for decades for many landscape and regional scale mapping applications, but has been too coarse for use in detailed forest inventories where stand level structural and compositional information is desired. Recently available high spatial resolution satellite imagery may be well suited to mapping fine-scale components of ecosystems, however, this remains an area of ongoing research. The first goal of this thesis was to assess the capacity of high spatial resolution satellite imagery to detect the variability in late seral coastal temperate rainforests in British Columbia, Canada. Using an object-based classifier, two hierarchical classification schemes are evaluated: a broad classification based on structural (successional) stage and a finer classification of late seral vegetation associations. The finer-scale classification also incorporates ancillary landscape positional variables (elevation and potential soil moisture) derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, and the relative contribution of spectral, textural and landscape positional data for this classification is determined. Results indicate that late seral forests can be well distinguished from younger forests using QuickBird spectral and textural data. However, discrimination among late seral forest associations is challenging, especially in the absence of landscape positional variables. Classification accuracies were particularly low for rare forest associations. Given this finding, the objective of the third chapter was to explicitly examine the caveats of using high spatial resolution imagery to map rare classes. Classification accuracy is assessed in several different ways in order to examine the impact on perceived map accuracy. In addition, the effects on habitat extent and configuration resulting from post-classification implementation of a minimum mapping unit are examined. Results indicate that classification accuracies may vary considerably depending on the assessment technique used. Specifically, ignoring the presence of fine-scale heterogeneity in a classification during accuracy assessment falsely lowered the accuracy estimates. Further, post-classification smoothing had a large effect on the spatial pattern of rare classes. These findings suggest that routinely used image classification and assessment techniques can greatly impact mapping of rare classes.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Abuaisha, Murad S.; Eaton, David; Priest, Jeffrey; Wong, Ron;

    This paper discusses the issues involved in the development of combined finite-discrete element methods (FDEM), from a fundamental theoretical point of view and some related algorithmic considerations essential for the efficient numerical solution of large scale industrial problems. Starting from a continuum representation by finite elements of the solid region in question, progressive fracturing is allowed to take place according to some fracturing criterion, thereby forming discrete elements, which may be composed of one or more deformable finite elements. Subsequent motion of these discrete elements and further fracturing of both remaining continuum and previously created discrete elements is then modelled. This evolution process is continued until either the system comes to rest. Y-Geo is a new numerical code for geomechanical applications based on the combined continuum/discontinuum model-ing. Several algorithmic developments have been implemented in Y-Geo to specifically address a broad range of rock mechanics problems. These features include (1) a quasi-static friction law, (2) the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, (3) a rock joint shear strength criterion, (4) a dissipative impact model, (5) an in situ stress initialization routine, (6) a material mapping function (for an exact representation of heterogeneous models), and (7) a tool to incorporate material heterogeneity and transverse isotropy. International audience

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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2015
    Data sources: Hal
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      Part of book or chapter of book . 2015
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Wally, Owen Stephen Donald;

    Genetic engineering is a promising strategy for creating agriculturally significant resistance in carrot. Several different transgenic strategies, in addition to conducting a detailed quantification of commonly used promoters to achieve disease resistance were investigated. Tissue-specific patterns and levels of protein expression were characterized in transgenic carrot plants transformed with the ?-glucuronidase gene driven by five promoters: Cauliflower moasaic virus 35S, double 35S (D35S), Arabidopsis ubiquitin (UBQ3), mannopine synthase (mas2) or rooting loci promoter (rolD). UBQ3 promoter provided the highest levels of expression in roots, while D35S and 35S promoters had high expression in leaves. rolD and Mas2 promoters had enhanced root expression; however levels were much lower compared to the constitutive promoters, which were subsequently used in this research. Genes encoding a rice peroxidase (POC1), wheat chitinase (383) and ?1,3- glucanase (638) were introduced into carrot. Lines expressing 638 alone had no enhanced resistance to B. cinerea or S. scleorotiorum, while 383 lines reduced disease symptoms by up to 40%. When 638 and 383 were co-expressed resistance levels were similar to 383 alone. High levels of disease resistance were seen in lines expressing POC1 with 70-90% reduction in symptoms to B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum. POC1 lines had 20-30% increases in lignin levels in petioles and roots, which was enhanced with pathogen challenge. Several defence genes exhibited strong induction in POC1 expressing plants when induced with fungal cell wall elicitor. Additionally, POC1 lines had reduced H2O2 accumulation during oxidative burst response. POC1 derived resistance was effective towards necrotrophic pathogens. Over-expression of Arabidopsis Nonexpressor of Pathogenesis Related protein 1 was studied in carrot, with two independent lines successfully generated and analyzed. There was no detectable activation of the systemic acquire resistance (SAR) pathways in the absence of pathogens, however, the lines exhibited more intense and longer lasting activation of SAR when elicited with fungal cell walls or Salicylic acid. Both lines were highly resistant against biotrophic and necrotrophic foliar pathogens and the roots were resistant towards A. radicina, indicating broad-spectrum disease resistance. The results from this study demonstrate the feasibility of engineering disease resistance in carrot using several different approaches.

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    Authors: Cao, Jiguo; Wu, Rongling; Huang, Zhongwen;

    Background: Every phenotypic trait can be viewed as a “system” in which a group of interconnected componentsfunction synergistically to yield a unified whole. Once a system’s components and their interactions have beendelineated according to biological principles, we can manipulate and engineer functionally relevant components toproduce a desirable system phenotype.Results: We describe a conceptual framework for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control complex traitsby treating trait formation as a dynamic system. This framework, called systems mapping, incorporates a system ofdifferential equations that quantifies how alterations of different components lead to the global change of traitdevelopment and function through genes, and provides a quantitative and testable platform for assessing theinterplay between gene action and development. We applied systems mapping to analyze biomass growth data ina mapping population of soybeans and identified specific loci that are responsible for the dynamics of biomasspartitioning to leaves, stem, and roots.Conclusions: We show that systems mapping implemented by design principles of biological systems is quiteversatile for deciphering the genetic machineries for size-shape, structural-functional, sink-source and pleiotropicrelationships underlying plant physiology and development. Systems mapping should enable geneticists to shedlight on the genetic complexity of any biological system in plants and other organisms and predict itsphysiological and pathological states.

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    Authors: St.-Maurice, J.-P.; Kissack, R. S.;

    It is becoming increasingly clear that electron thermal effects have to be taken into account when dealing with the theory of ionospheric instabilities in the high-latitude ionosphere. Unfortunately, the mathematical complexity often hides the physical processes at work. We follow the limiting cases of a complex but systematic generalized fluid approach to get to the heart of the thermal processes that affect the stability of E region waves during electron heating events. We try to show as simply as possible under what conditions thermal effects contribute to the destabilization of strongly field-aligned (zero aspect angle) Farley-Buneman modes. We show that destabilization can arise from a combination of (1) a reduction in pressure gradients associated with temperature fluctuations that are out of phase with density fluctuations, and (2) thermal diffusion, which takes the electrons from regions of enhanced temperatures to regions of negative temperature fluctuations, and therefore enhanced densities. However, we also show that, contrary to what has been suggested in the past, for modes excited along the E0×B direction thermal feedback decreases the growth rate and raises the threshold speed of the Farley-Buneman instability. The increase in threshold speed appears to be important enough to explain the generation of `Type IV' waves in the high-latitude ionosphere.

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    Authors: Adachi, I.; Adamczyk, K.; Aggarwal, L.; Ahmed, H.; +430 Authors

    We present a measurement of time-dependent rate asymmetries in $B^0\to \phi K^0_S$ decays to search for non-standard-model physics in $b\to q \overline{q}s$ transitions. The data sample is collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider in 2019-2022 and contains $(387\pm 6)\times 10^6$ bottom-antibottom mesons from $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance decays. We reconstruct $162\pm17$ signal events and extract the charge-parity ($CP$) violating parameters from a fit to the distribution of the proper-decay-time difference of the two $B$ mesons. The measured direct and mixing-induced $CP$ asymmetries are $A=0.31\pm0.20\pm0.05$ and $S=0.54\pm0.26^{+0.06}_{-0.08}$, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The results are compatible with the $CP$ asymmetries observed in $b\to c\overline{c} s$ transitions. Physical review / D 108(7), 072012 (2023). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.108.072012 Published by American Physical Society, Ridge, NY

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    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Shen, Wutian;

    Al-0.3Mn was prepared by permanent steel mold casting (PMSC) with three different section thicknesses of 6, 10, 20 mm, and also by squeeze casting (SC) with a cross-sectional thickness of 20 mm under an applied pressure of 90 MPa. The first group of samples was employed to investigate the difference in mechanical and electrical properties between the PSMC Al-0.3Mn Alloy and high-purity (HP) Al (99.9%). The results of tensile testing indicated that the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) of the cast HP Al significantly increased to 72.3 and 20.4 MPa from 59.2 and 14.0 MPa. However, the elongation (ef ) and electrical conductivity of the cast alloy decreased to 28.9% and 45.6 %IACS from 37.1% and 61.1 %IACS. The large area fraction (2.1%) of the micron Al-Fe-Mn and nano Al-Mn phases in the PSMC Al-0.3%Mn alloy should be responsible for the difference in mechanical and electrical properties between the PSMC Al-0.3Mn alloy and the PSMC HP Al. The second group of samples was used to study the effect of section thicknesses on microstructure, mechanical and electrical properties of the PSMC Al-0.3Mn alloy. The UTS, YS, ef, and elastic modulus (E) of the alloy increased, when the section thickness of the PSMC Al-0.3Mn decreased to 6 mm from 20 mm. However, the porosity level increased to 1.25% from 2.58% with increasing the thickness to 20 mm from 6 mm, respectively. The fine microstructure and low porosity level resulted in the high mechanical properties and electrical conductivities of the 6 mm sample

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    Scholarship at UWindsor
    Thesis . 2023
    License: CC BY
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      Scholarship at UWindsor
      Thesis . 2023
      License: CC BY
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Rivers, Nicholas J;
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Liu, Yanxia;

    This work presents and investigates a novel high-performance antenna design for remote sensing and satellite communications applications that is compact and lightweight. The performance requirements include dual-polarization, wide impedance bandwidth, low cross-polarization, high gain, and high aperture efficiency. To simultaneously achieve all these qualities is challenging and a combination of compatible performance enhancement techniques was selected and derived. A new antenna design, namely an octagonal cavity-backed radiating open prism (OCROP) antenna, was first introduced. The antenna is orthogonally and differentially fed to provide dual-polarization and low cross-polarization. The impedance bandwidth is increased by combining the resonances from the radiating feedlines and the open prism. The corner truncated octagonal ground cavity, instead of a more commonly seen square ground plane or square ground cavity, is used to further suppress the cross-polarization and enhance the gain and aperture efficiency. To show the superiority of the octagonal design, it was compared with a square ground cavity backed antenna. To further improve the gain of this novel antenna, its array and flared configurations are considered, investigated, and compared. The array design offers higher gain and aperture efficiency, while the flared design can provide lower cross-polarization. To achieve higher gain with the flared design, a larger flare angle was chosen which increased cross-polarization. To remedy the problem of the increased cross-polarization, a new iris design concept is proposed and investigated. It shows that this method can successfully suppress the cross-polarization of the flared design. This concept is general and has the potential to be applied to other types of aperture antennas. The design concepts and the simulation results are verified by fabricating and testing two prototypes, i.e., with and without a flare.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Sutcliffe, Lee;

    Grassland songbird populations are in steep decline across North America, largely due to habitat loss. Oil and gas infrastructure and its associated noise are one of several factors impacting the remaining grasslands. Oil well operating noise affects the breeding behavior of several bird species, but the effects of drilling noise are less understood. Drilling noise occurs at a louder amplitude than chronic operating noise and is more unpredictable, which may affect songbirds to a greater extent. Chestnut-collared longspurs (Calcarius ornatus) are a species at risk in Canada and are dependent on mixed-grass prairie, much of which is impacted by oil and gas development. To determine the effects of oil well drilling noise on chestnut-collared longspur parental behavior, I created an experimental noise system and deployed cameras on 63 chestnut-collared longspur nests between 2019 and 2021 in southern Alberta. I reviewed and recorded parental behavior across over 800 hours of nest videos. I also measured the brood mass and the age at fledge at each nest to determine the effects of drilling well noise and parental care on nestling condition. Chestnut-collared longspur males provided less care near drilling noise, while female care was unaffected. Additionally, the infrastructure itself may have provided preferable foraging opportunities as parental care was higher closer to infrastructure. Nestling condition was not impacted by changes in paternal care, but surprisingly, more female care was associated with lower brood mass and a younger age at fledge. Drilling noise, independent of parental care, was associated with lower brood mass and an older age at fledge close to the infrastructure. My results suggest that the impacts of drilling noise on nestlings is not due to the effects of noise on parental care, even though paternal care is affected by drilling noise. Changes in both brood mass and the age at fledge have an impact on fledgling survival in songbirds and may affect population recruitment in chestnut-collared longspurs. Therefore, it is important to consider management strategies such as erecting temporary sound barriers or postponing drilling during peak breeding season to reduce the effects of drilling noise on chestnut-collared longspurs.

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  • Authors: Thompson, Shanley Dawn;