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Review: Axel Hörstedt. Latin Dissertations and Disputations in the Early Modern Swedish Gymnasium: A Study of a Latin School Tradition c. 1620–c. 1820. Göteborgs universitet (PhD diss.), 2018, 502 pp.

Denna uppsats är en studie av Blåsmarks bönhusförenings nedläggning och överlåtelsen avbönhuset till Blåsmarks DUF år 1947. Studien är begränsad till tidsperioden 1945–1948 föratt undersöka föreningarna innan och efter den händelse som är i fokus i uppsatsen och ärbaserad på de mötesprotokoll bägge föreningar förde under tidsperioden 1945-1948. Iuppsatsen undersöks föreningarnas arbete innan bönhusföreningens nedläggning 1947 samtorsakerna bakom dess nedläggning och vilka följder det fick för Blåsmarks DUF. Skeendetundersöks ur ett processperspektiv och följer den analytiskt-rationella modellen. Studiensresultat visade att bönhusföreningens nedläggning och överlåtelse av bönhus till BlåsmarksDUF var ett beslut taget främst på grund av att båda föreningarna bestod av samma medlemmar och arbetet med bönhuset redan till stor del utfördes av Blåsmarks DUF. Vidarevisade även studien att arbetet för Blåsmarks DUF föreföll sig detsamma efter övertagandetav bönhuset men att det utökades till att omfatta frågor gällande skötseln av bönhuset. Detframkom även i studien hur Blåsmarks DUF glädjes av att få ett eget bönhus och att beslutetfrån båda föreningar varit enhälligt och utan opposition.  This thesis offers a study of the closure of the Blåsmarks bönhusförenings and the transfer ofthe prayer house to Blåsmarks DUF in 1947. The study is limited to the period 1945-1948 toexamine the associations before and after the events in question and is based on the protocolswritten during both associations’ meetings between 1945-1948. The essay examines theassociations’ work before Blåsmarks bönhusförenings closure in 1947, the reasons behind itsclosure and what consequences it had for Blåsmarks DUF. The event is examined from a process perspective and follows the analytical-rational model. The results of the study showedthat Blåsmarks bönhusförenings closure and the transfer of the prayer house was a decisionmade mainly because both associations consisted of the same members and the work with theprayer house was already largely carried out by Blåsmarks DUF. Furthermore, the study alsoshowed that the work for Blåsmarks DUF is pleased to have its own prayer house and that thedecision to transfer it to them was unanimous and without opposition. 

The large-scale transatlantic mobility of students, teachers, and researchers is a twentieth-century phenomenon that has contributed to the reshaping of international cultural, economic, and political relations into the twenty-first century. Through and as part of this development, the United States transformed into a powerful and influential country on the global stage. As a large, populous, and industrialized nation, the United States has been significant both as a funder of international mobility and as a destination for foreign students and scholars. Sweden, a small, peripheral country in Northern Europe, has had a long relationship with the United States. Amidst the mass migration of peoples from several European countries to North America in the mid-nineteenth century to the 1920s, over one million Swedes migrated to the United States. The connections made through this migration, combined with the growing economic, industrial, and cultural resources of the United States, led to a renewed desire to maintain and improve relations between the two countries from the early twentieth century. This study investigates the development of scholarship programs in Sweden and the United States and their role in the academic exchange between these two countries from 1912–1980. Set against broader cultural, economic, and political processes that increased the scale and complexity of academic mobility in the twentieth century, this study explains how scholarships facilitated and structured flows of people and knowledge. The relationships between three parts of scholarship programs are analyzed: their purposes, organizational frameworks and praxis, and scholarship awards. The analysis employs three points of departure: rationales for internationalization, historical institutionalism, and symbolic capital. Annual reports and scholarship holder documentation are the two main types of sources. Annual reports were used to create a historical timeline of the purposes that drove the founding of organizations and the establishment of scholarship programs to understand the institution of scholarship-funded academic mobility in the twentieth century. Scholarship holder documentation was used to create two datasets of scholarship awards from 1912–1944 and 1945–1979, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics to find patterns and trends in scholarship awards. The results show that the scholarship programs in this study structured complex and asymmetrical flows of people and knowledge between Sweden and the United States in the twentieth century. In the first period, private foundations were the main providers of scholarships and were steered by an array of cultural, academic, and economic purposes. After World War II, and especially during the Cold War, scholarship programs were submitted to the politicization and regulation of the United States government as transatlantic academic mobility became an increasingly widespread practice. The combined and overlapping purposes that steered scholarship-awarding from 1912–1980 facilitated the rise of particular individuals, types of knowledge, higher education institutions, and industries in Sweden and the United States. In addition, the asymmetrical distribution of these scholarships, in which three times as many Swedes traveled to the United States than the reverse, gradually structured a dependence on the academic, economic, and technological resources of the United States.

Under 2023 uppmärksammar Sveriges Riksdag 500 år av riksdagshistoria, samt att det är 40 år sedan riksdagen flyttade tillbaka till husen på Helgeandsholmen efter tolv år i Kulturhuset vid Sergels Torg. Därför släpper riksdagen nu boken Riksdagen i tid och rum – historien, husen och arbetsplatsen. I denna rikt illustrerade volym görs spännande nedslag i riksdagens historia. Människorna, husen – och den samtida politiken skildras på ett lättillgängligt sätt. Läsaren tas med till olika nutida riksdagsmiljöer och får inblick i det maskineri som får dagens riksdag att fungera. Dessutom skildras riksdagsjournalisternas vardag och beslutet om att bygga om husen på Helgeandsholmen – trots att ett förslag om nybygge segrade i en arkitekttävling 1970. Därtill presenteras rika smakprov på den varierade konst som ryms såväl inne i riksdagens hus som på dess väggar.

The purpose of this study is to examine what intentions teachers in history have with their teaching about the Interwar period, approximately the years from 1920 to 1939. This was done with five interviews. With the question; “what can we learn from history?” the study tries to see how historical consciousness is expressed in the teachers intentions. The result shows that the teachers are mostly on the same page of what they think is important to teach. It’s about Germany, and it’s not only about Germany. The teachers intention is to show that not all of the Germans where supporters of the Nazi-party, but also most importantly; that the Nazi-party was given power thru a democratic election. This can be seen as how the teachers want the pupils to cherish the democracy we have today, and not to take it for granted. In the other hand the teachers want to explore the structures and the context where the Nazi-party arose. For example the teachers speak of the development of racial biology that spread all over Europe, and not only in Germany. The given broad perspective can help pupils to understand Germany and what kind of mindset Europe had that made the fascistic movements grow. The conclusion is that historical consciousness is widely represented in the teachers intentions of their teaching of the Interwar-period. If this actually develop historical consciousness or not is another study to make. But the results shows reason to believe that it can be done, and that the Interwar-period is a historical period that can help pupils to understand the meaning of living in a democracy, and to give them a meaningful education to guide them today, and in the future.

A life without freedom, what is that? This question was stated in a letter from a man institutionalized at one of Sweden’s mental asylums in the 1940s. It is also the title of this essay which explores the life and experiences of institutionalized individuals during 1941–1949. This analysis is based on letters they wrote to the Swedish author Astrid Väring who published her first book regarding the psychiatric care system I som här inträden (1944). Her book was a novel, which yielded great public interest and a year later was adapted for the screen. This led to people starting to write letters to Väring telling her about their stories from inside of the mental healthcare system. These letters constitute the basis for the results of this essay which aims to provide new knowledge on people’s experiences of institutionalization as expressed by their own words. The analysis is a part of the disability history field and a contribution to the critical study of the Swedish Folkhem. Based on both quantitative and qualitative methods, the letters and their contents tell us about those writing these letters and their experiences during, before and after confinement. The results from quantitative analysis of in total 404 letters out of which 207 are subject to in-depth study show that the majority of them were written by men and by people having experienced the mental health care system. Relatives to them, healthcare professionals and individuals without any connection to this system are also found among those writing letters to Väring. From these letters we learn of the abuse inmates endured during their institutionalization both physically and psychologically. Their lives before confinement and the reasons behind it are also focused on. Social friction with people in their surroundings, criminal offenses, and voluntary care exemplify some explanations to their confinement. The stories they share about their life upon release are defined by a sense of fear, persecution, and a loss of property, social networks and sense of security, in addition to a fear of being confined yet again or meeting those who once caused their incarceration. In all, the letters can be seen as a protest against the entire health care system they were faced with, which further reflects the helplessness and frustration they felt regarding their life and situation.

AbstractThis chapter studies examples of confrontations between missionary guests and pagan host communities on the Baltic Rim from the late tenth to mid-twelfth centuries to uncover the spatial dynamics and intercultural articulations of hospitality in Christianization contexts. In terms of method, the chapter focuses on the functional, political, and symbolic mechanisms structuring collective production spaces of hospitality during such encounters. The addressed problems consider how spaces of hospitality were practically and discursively produced and negotiated through such meetings. It delves also into the ways arrival of this special type of Christian strangers and guests was contained in terms of power relations and security measures. And, finally, how these interactions involved and oscillated between hospitable and hostile attitudes. The results point out the deeply ambiguous, volatile, and heavily contested nature of spaces of hospitality in the Christianization of the Baltic Rim, both for missionary agents and for the host communities receiving/rejecting them.

Bakgrund: Sverige är besparat från direkt inblandning i krig sedan 200 år.Under samma tid har svenska läkare vid flera tillfällen medverkat i utländskakonflikter. Samlade studier om dessa individer har hittills saknats.Frågeställning: Vad har motiverat svenska läkare att delta i utländskakonflikters militärsjukvård? Vad har de uträttat och hur har de tolkat sinaerfarenheter?Material: Studien inkluderar alla konflikter där svenska läkare verkat inommilitärsjukvården från 1864 till 1964. Primära källor har inkluderatarkivmaterial som rapporter, brev och dagböcker samt tryckta källor sombiografier och matriklar. Därtill har en stor mängd historievetenskapligsekundärlitteratur som böcker och artiklar använts.Metod: Fyra av konflikterna har studerats mer utförligt. Dessa utgöravhandlingens delarbeten: dansk-tyska kriget 1894, Boerkriget 1899–1902,finska vinterkriget 1939–1940, samt Kongokrisen 1960–1964. För de övrigasex konflikterna har ytligare redogörelser sammanställts. Frågeställningarnahar sedan applicerats på samtliga konflikter för att identifiera vad somförändrats och vad som förblivit oförändrat.Resultat: Deltagandet har skett i ett samspel av kunskapsinhämtning,sympatier och ren äventyrslust. Insatserna har ofta inneburit en risk vilkenökat i och med flygattacker mot sjukvårdsinrättningar och konflikter utanfront. Trots en förhoppning om neutral sjukvård har detta ofta varit svårt attuppnå. Erfarenheterna har ofta upplevts som meningsfulla men har iblandockså kunnat leda till kvarvarande nedstämdhet.Slutsatser: Denna historiska studie ger redskap att förstå och påverkaliknande händelser i vår egen tid. Den kan därför ha betydelse för att lindranöd och öka säkerhet för sjukvårdspersonal i en nutida konfliktfylld värld.