• 2020-2024close
• Open Access close
• Restricted close
• Embargo close
• Publications close
• Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet - Ac... close
• Publikationer från KTH close
• Digital Humanities and Cultural Her... close
• GOTRIPLE - Social Sciences and Huma... close

AbstractThousands of Roma were killed in Ukraine by the Nazis and auxiliary police on the spot. There are more than 50,000 Roma in today’s Ukraine, represented by second and third generation decendants of the genocide survivors. The discussion on Roma identity cannot be isolated from the memory of the genocide, which makes the struggle over the past a reflexive landmark that mobilizes the Roma movement. About twenty Roma genocide memorials have been erected in Ukraine during last decade, and in 2016 the national memorial of the Roma genocide was opened in Babi Yar. However, scholars do not have a clear picture of memory narratives and memory practices of the Roma genocide in Ukraine. A comprehensive analysis of the contemporary situation is not possible without an examination of the history and memory of the Roma genocide before 1991.

Iron ore mining in the Norrbotten region of Sweden began in the early years of the twentieth century as a commercially uncertain and even dangerous proposition. But even before it began to generate profits, public debate began over the appropriate role of the state and of private capital (including foreign investors). This included whether iron ore should be exported for profit or retained for future processing in Sweden—even though the technology and infrastructure for such domestic industry did not exist. Tracing the evolution of this debate in the Swedish news media through to the First World War, this paper argues that the revenue generated by exports became more attractive than the promise of future domestic industry because that revenue could underwrite pressing political objectives. Although domestic iron ore processing remained linked to visions of future industrial prosperity, uncertain visions of future prosperity lost appeal as the capacity for export revenues to generate prosperity in the present became more potent.

School in the shadow: Private education in Stockholm 1735. During the early eighteenth century, private education was a more significant sector of the educational market than was public education, regarding the number of students and teachers, the presence of female students and teachers, the social background of the students, and the introduction of a more diverse and modern curriculum. Hitherto, little has been known of the actual scope or general conditions of private education, which has been over-shadowed by studies of public education. The article maps private education through the Stockholm Church Consistory’s (Stockholms stads konsistorium) thorough inventory of private teachers in the capital of Sweden during 1734–36, providing information of both suppliers and consumers within the private sector of the educational market, as well as of the practice and functions of private education in early modern time.

Denna uppsats är en studie av Blåsmarks bönhusförenings nedläggning och överlåtelsen avbönhuset till Blåsmarks DUF år 1947. Studien är begränsad till tidsperioden 1945–1948 föratt undersöka föreningarna innan och efter den händelse som är i fokus i uppsatsen och ärbaserad på de mötesprotokoll bägge föreningar förde under tidsperioden 1945-1948. Iuppsatsen undersöks föreningarnas arbete innan bönhusföreningens nedläggning 1947 samtorsakerna bakom dess nedläggning och vilka följder det fick för Blåsmarks DUF. Skeendetundersöks ur ett processperspektiv och följer den analytiskt-rationella modellen. Studiensresultat visade att bönhusföreningens nedläggning och överlåtelse av bönhus till BlåsmarksDUF var ett beslut taget främst på grund av att båda föreningarna bestod av samma medlemmar och arbetet med bönhuset redan till stor del utfördes av Blåsmarks DUF. Vidarevisade även studien att arbetet för Blåsmarks DUF föreföll sig detsamma efter övertagandetav bönhuset men att det utökades till att omfatta frågor gällande skötseln av bönhuset. Detframkom även i studien hur Blåsmarks DUF glädjes av att få ett eget bönhus och att beslutetfrån båda föreningar varit enhälligt och utan opposition.  This thesis offers a study of the closure of the Blåsmarks bönhusförenings and the transfer ofthe prayer house to Blåsmarks DUF in 1947. The study is limited to the period 1945-1948 toexamine the associations before and after the events in question and is based on the protocolswritten during both associations’ meetings between 1945-1948. The essay examines theassociations’ work before Blåsmarks bönhusförenings closure in 1947, the reasons behind itsclosure and what consequences it had for Blåsmarks DUF. The event is examined from a process perspective and follows the analytical-rational model. The results of the study showedthat Blåsmarks bönhusförenings closure and the transfer of the prayer house was a decisionmade mainly because both associations consisted of the same members and the work with theprayer house was already largely carried out by Blåsmarks DUF. Furthermore, the study alsoshowed that the work for Blåsmarks DUF is pleased to have its own prayer house and that thedecision to transfer it to them was unanimous and without opposition. 

This essay examines the disability movement in Värmland from 1956 to 1962, through a case study of the association RBU Värmland. Focusing on the starting point of the association, it explores whether their initial purpose and ambitions were fulfilled. RBU Värmland's main purpose was to promote the improved care and treatment of children with Cerebral Palsy, as well as to provide information and support to their parents. The association meant to work with these particular issues because of the disadvantages that these children and their families faced in the society of this time. For example, the healthcare in Sweden did not have the resources to provide satisfactory treatment for the children, and parents had to struggle to take care of them. During the association’s first ten years, it succeeded in improving both these aspects of the lives of children with Cerebral Palsy and their families. They carried out treatment periods where these children received much needed care, while their parents acquired knowledge and support through courses, amongst other things. In the essay, the interpretation of these actions draws on both Michel Foucault's perspective on power, as well as feminist theory. In light of Foucault’s ideas, the association is interpreted as a tool of power, where everyone involved were exercising power on various occasions. Sometimes the motif was to help the children in different ways, and sometimes the purpose was a different one, but either way power was exercised and redistributed. Denna uppsats undersöker handikapprörelsen i Värmland från 1952 till 1962, genom en fallstudie av föreningen RBU Värmland. I fokus ligger föreningens startpunkt, och om deras initiala syfte och ambitioner blev uppfyllda. RBU Värmland hade som sitt huvudsakliga syfte att verka för CP-skadade barns förbättrade vård och behandling, samt att stötta och ge upplysning till deras föräldrar. Föreningen menade att arbeta för just dessa frågor eftersom de var eftersatta i den tidens samhälle, då vården saknade resurser för att bereda en tillfredsställande vård för barnen, samtidigt som föräldrarna fick slita mycket hårt för sina barns omsorg. Föreningen lyckades under sina första tio år att förbättra båda dessa aspekter av de CP-skadade barnens samt deras anhörigas liv, då de bland annat genomförde behandlingsperioder där barnen fick välbehövlig vård, samtidigt som föräldrarna fick hjälp genom kurser, ekonomiskt stöd och dylikt. Dessa gärningar tolkas i uppsatsen både utifrån Michel Foucaults maktperspektiv, samt feministiska teoribildningar. I ljus av Foucaults idéer tolkas föreningen som ett maktredskap, där samtliga aktörer vid olika tillfällen utövade makt. Ibland var motivet att på olika sätt hjälpa de CP-skadade barnen, och ibland var motivet något annat, men oavsett utövades och omfördelades makt. 

This dissertation investigates the role played by Dutch experts in various enterprises and organisations managed or administered by the early modern Swedish state. The work demonstrates how and why Dutch experts were introduced to Sweden, in what manner they were employed by the Swedish state and how their knowledge was utilised in state-controlled organisations. The overall results challenge the impression of an uncomplicated introduction, steered by the state. Instead, the research suggests that the development was multifaceted, where the role and function of state structures, international politics, networks, as well as concepts, including opportunism and pragmatism all played a part in the process which led to the employment of Dutch experts and use of Dutch knowledge. Underlying analytical tools used to demonstrate this include concepts such as collective knowledge, institutional memory, change agents, as well as strategies to minimise uncertainties and knowledge asymmetries in the recruitment process. The investigation consists of four empirical chapters. The first chapter focuses on some of the key Dutch individuals who settled in Sweden during the second half of the sixteenth century. It shows why a Dutch settlement took place, but also how a specific interest in Dutch trade expertise was developed by the Swedish political leadership. The chapter concludes with an analysis of how Dutch expertise was utilised to develop advanced long-distance trade. The second chapter follows the use of Dutch experts in the naval shipbuilding organisation in the first half of the seventeenth century. It shows how an almost complete reliance on Dutch experts and technical knowledge was established during this period. The chapter details how the Dutch introduction and utilisation evolved, when the naval organisation changed from being single-handedly steered by the king, to a situation where it was administered by an independent Admiralty Board. The third chapter investigates the use of Dutch experts in the foreign administration as well as in the administration and management of trade and commercial undertakings. It details how agents and diplomatic networks facilitated exchange and brought knowledge and experts to Sweden. The chapter also challenges an established notion that many of the trade enterprises that were established in Sweden up until the mid-1630s were failures. The results instead demonstrate how successive proposals to develop commercial ventures by Dutch experts created a necessary knowledge base in Swedish society, which in the long run led to the successful formation of advanced commercial enterprises. The final chapter focuses on the establishment of commercial fishing operations. It follows the introduction and growth of a Dutch model for how to develop advanced fishing, and explains why the model only led to a functioning enterprise towards the very end of the period of investigation. 

The aim of the essay is to investigate the use of history of the inventor and Nobel prize winner Gustaf Dalén between the years 1931–2020. The survey answers the question why Dalén has gone from being regarded as one of Sweden's most important people to being of local importance. By examining how different groups have used Dalén's memory over time and with different purposes, an explanation for this can be given to this question. The material that forms the basis of the study includes biographies, dissertations, popular science books, a poem, a movie, a theatre performance and Dalén's own museum. A qualitative method is used to examine the material, with historian Klas-Göran Karlsson's use of history classification as an analytical tool. The study results imply that Dalén's memory was used in conjunction with Sweden's industrialization to create unity. In addition, create cohesion around the political project that followed the build-up of the welfare state. This use was prominent until the 1960s, when the history of symbolic characters such as Dalén changed because of a different view of nationalism. The use of history of characters such as Dalén then became more of a local phenomenon. In addition, changed economic conditions in the countryside and a larger cultural history sector have also impacted they change of historical use of Dalén. The development and professionalisation of the subject of history has also had an impact on the use of history that surround Dalén. Målet med uppsatsen är att undersöka historiebruket kring uppfinnaren och nobelpristagaren Gustaf Dalén mellan åren 1931–2020. Undersökningen ger svar på frågan varför Dalén gått från att räknas som en av Sverige mest betydelsefulla personer till att vara en lokal historisk person. Genom att undersöka hur olika grupper brukat Daléns minne över tid och med olika syften kan en förklaring till detta ges. Materialet som ligger till grund för studien innefattar biografier, avhandlingar, populärvetenskapliga böcker, dikter, en film, en teaterföreställning och Daléns eget museum. En kvalitativ metod använd för att undersöka materialet, med historikern Klas-Göran Karlssons historiebruksindelning som analytiskt redskap. Studien resultat visar hur Daléns minne användes i samband med Sveriges industrialisering för att skapa sammanhållning i samhället. Dessutom legitimera politiken som följde i och med välfärdsstatens uppbyggnad. Detta bruk fortsatte till 1960-talet då historiebruket kring symbolpersoner som Dalén förändrades till följd av en annan syn på nationalism. Detta gjorde att historiebruket kring personer som Dalén förändrades till ett mer lokalt drivet bruk. Dessutom har ändrade ekonomiska förutsättningar på landsbygden och en större kulturhistorisk sektor också samverkat till ett större lokalt historiebruk av Dalén. Historieämnets utveckling och professionalisering har påverkat har sig haft inverkan på historiebruket kring Dalén.