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Current cytological service in Croatia is organised in 46 cytological organisational units in 23 towns with total of 350 employees: 101 specialists of clinical cytology, 20 residents in clinical cytology, 141 cytotechnologists (cytoscreeners), 45 health technicians, and 25 administrators and 18 auxiliary personnel. In spite of employment of significant number of cytotechnologists in the last ten years, there is still an unacceptable ratio of number of cytologists and cytotechnologists (1:1.4) which is the result of unresolved education of cytotechnologists which should be permanent, complete and acknowledged. Education and scientific promotion of cytologists is continuous and today our profession has 31 masters of science and 9 doctors of science, one of which is the assistant professor, and four of them are associate or full professors at medical schools in Zagreb and Osijek. Croatian cytology, in average, is in its "best years", i.e. an average cytologist is 46-years-old and cytotechnologist is averagely 43-years-old, but "suffers" from personnel deficit. With regard to the type of activity, the most numerous are units dealing the entire diagnostic cytology (72%), 13% general cytology without gynaecological cytology, while 15% are engaged in one diagnostic field (gynaecological, pulmological or thyroid cytology). According to accessible data, total of 770996 cytological examinations were done in Croatia in 2008. The increasing application of additional methods (cytochemical, immunocytochemical, molecular, cytogenetics and computer-assisted image analysis) has become a trend in numerous cytological units. Exclusively morphological analysis of standard stained samples is performed in 37% of units, morphological and cytochemical staining methods are used in 17% of units, and additional immunocytochemical methods in 30% of units. According to the long tradition of cytology in Croatia, that has progressed thanks to the enthusiasm and great effort of our teachers, we believe that the following generations of cytologists will continue working on its improvement and will be able to concord the basic cytomorphology and sophisticated diagnostic procedures with other diagnostics, to stay the field of optimal results in the shortest time with the reasonable price.

Učenje je važan proces u intelektualnom sazrijevanju i socijalizaciji ličnosti, a određuju ga brojne komponente među kojima su najvažnije kognicija, motivacija i emocije. Kako suvremena nastava zahtijeva aktivnu ulogu učenika u procesu učenja, ključni element za uspješno učenje jest kvalitetno poučavanje. Učiteljima je glavni izazov kako pobuditi interes među učenicima za obrazovno područje, stoga se poučavanje treba temeljiti na izboru primjerenih pristupa i postupaka. U ovom radu raspravljalo se o učinkovitim strategijama i oblicima učenja u nastavi Hrvatskoga jezika na nižem stupnju primarnoga obrazovanja, u razrednoj nastavi. Hrvatski jezik složen je nastavni predmet, stoga funkcionalna nastava jezika i književnosti zahtijeva svrhovitost metoda i oblika rada. Motrili smo primjenjivost suradničkoga, iskustvenoga i samoreguliranoga učenja. Priloženi su različiti kreativni postupci u ranoj fazi učenja jezika te ponuđene smjernice za rad s učenicima u razrednoj nastavi. Važno je učenicima omogućiti situacije u kojima će osvijestiti svoj proces učenja i preuzeti odluke o tome kako će ostvariti planirane ishode i ciljeve učenja.

Le bien-etre subjectif se definit comme une approche hedonique du bonheur renvoyant a une evaluation generale de sa propre vie dans ses dimensions cognitives et affectives. Bien que ce concept ait fait l’objet d’une litterature scientifique abondante, peu de travaux ont porte explicitement sur ses relations avec la construction du choix d’orientation scolaire et professionnelle. Notre revue de la litterature met egalement en evidence l’opposition des approches ascendantes et descendantes dans l’etude des liens en ces variables rendant le sens de la causalite particulierement complexe a apprehender. Ainsi, l’objectif de cette these est d’apporter une meilleure comprehension aux relations entre le bien-etre subjectif et l’indecision vocationnelle. De meme, afin de tester le role des caracteristiques individuelles et contextuelles, nous avons inscrit notre etude dans une comparaison interculturelle interrogeant des etudiants sud-coreens, etatsuniens et francais. La premiere partie de nos resultats est largement consacree a l’etude de la validite psychometrique des outils utilises dans les differents contextes cibles tandis que la deuxieme partie s’interesse davantage a l’analyse des relations entre le bien-etre subjectif et l’indecision vocationnelle. Une serie de trois etudes fut conduite dans chaque pays cible dans le but d’examiner successivement le role moderateur des caracteristiques individuelles, des traits de la personnalite et du bien-etre psychologique. Les resultats indiquent globalement que le bien-etre subjectif est significativement associe a l’indecision vocationnelle quel que soit l’echantillon considere bien que plusieurs effets moderateurs soient observes. A partir de notre revue de la litterature et des resultats obtenus, un modele theorique des relations entre le bien-etre subjectif et l’indecision vocationnelle est propose differenciant les modeles ascendants et descendants par des mecanismes distincts. L’implication de ces resultats autour d’une vision holistique de l’individu est discutee dans des perspectives theoriques et pratiques.

Using combined individual patient data from prospective studies, we explored sex differences in depression and prognosis post-myocardial infarction (MI) and determined whether disease indices could account for found differences.Individual patient data analysis of 10,175 MI patients who completed diagnostic interviews or depression questionnaires from 16 prospective studies from the MINDMAPS study was conducted. Multilevel logistic and Cox regression models were used to determine sex differences in prevalence of depression and sex-specific effects of depression on subsequent outcomes.Combined interview and questionnaire data from observational studies showed that 36% (635/1760) of women and 29% (1575/5526) of men reported elevated levels of depression (age-adjusted odds ratio = 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.60-0.77). The risk for all-cause mortality associated with depression was higher in men (hazard ratio = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.30-1.47) than in women (hazard ratio = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.14-1.31; sex by depression interaction: p < .001). Low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was associated with higher depression scores in men only (sex by LVEF interaction: B = 0.294, 95% CI = 0.090-0.498), which attenuated the sex difference in the association between depression and prognosis.The prevalence of depression post-MI was higher in women than in men, but the association between depression and cardiac prognosis was worse for men. LVEF was associated with depression in men only and accounted for the increased risk of all-cause mortality in depressed men versus women, suggesting that depression in men post-MI may, in part, reflect cardiovascular disease severity.