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The main goal of WP3 is to advance the operational earthquake forecasting capabilities at different spatial scales. This deliverable contains the description of the repository where all promising codes of the OEF models that have been produced in the first 30 months of the project have been uploaded. Since all codes have to be tested in WP7 in the last year of the project, the structure of this deliverable has been agreed with colleagues working at WP7. The repository contains both the codes that will be used in the WP7 testing phase, and a detailed description of each model. In this document we will describe the main features of the repository and the link where codes and descriptions can be found. Then, we will briefly summarize the main features of the models that are contained in the repository. At the time of this deliverable, eight models have been submitted to the repository; however, at the end of the project we expect to have more; in fact, some additional models are almost finished, but not yet ready for the testing phase and so they have not been uploaded yet; very likely, they will be uploaded soon and tested in WP7 in the last year of the project. In this first phase the repository is kept private (available only after a specific request to the WP leader) to leave the time to the modelers to finalize the scientific papers relative to their models. The repository will be then made public through the platform Zenodo at the end of the project.

This report describes the activities performed within Task 1.3 “Summary of gas solubility and degassing kinetics (type A)” until the end of month 39 of the REFLECT project. Two series of experiments have been carried out that assess the degassing process of type A geothermal fluids respectively in bulk and porous media. This has resulted in an improved understanding of the process and the associated physical phenomena by utilizing experimental equipment and data analysis tools specifically created for this task.

Risk maps are created with the objective of providing improved operational advice on scaling mitigation. The issue of prevailing uncertainties and variations in fluid and gas data had to be tackled to provide accurate model predictions and risk assessments. The developed risk map workflow is demonstrated for calcite scaling risks of the West-Netherlands Basin.

[abridged] The International LOFAR Telescope is an interferometer with stations spread across Europe. With baselines of up to ~2,000 km, LOFAR has the unique capability of achieving sub-arcsecond resolution at frequencies below 200 MHz, although this is technically and logistically challenging. Here we present a calibration strategy that builds on previous high-resolution work with LOFAR. We give an overview of the calibration strategy and discuss the special challenges inherent to enacting high-resolution imaging with LOFAR, and describe the pipeline, which is publicly available, in detail. We demonstrate the calibration strategy by using the pipeline on P205+55, a typical LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) pointing. We perform in-field delay calibration, solution referencing to other calibrators, self-calibration, and imaging of example directions of interest in the field. For this specific field and these ionospheric conditions, dispersive delay solutions can be transferred between calibrators up to ~1.5 degrees away, while phase solution transferral works well over 1 degree. We demonstrate a check of the astrometry and flux density scale. Imaging in 17 directions, the restoring beam is typically 0.3' x 0.2' although this varies slightly over the entire 5 square degree field of view. We achieve ~80 to 300 $\mu$Jy/bm image rms noise, which is dependent on the distance from the phase centre; typical values are ~90 $\mu$Jy/bm for the 8 hour observation with 48 MHz of bandwidth. Seventy percent of processed sources are detected, and from this we estimate that we should be able to image ~900 sources per LoTSS pointing. This equates to ~3 million sources in the northern sky, which LoTSS will entirely cover in the next several years. Future optimisation of the calibration strategy for efficient post-processing of LoTSS at high resolution (LoTSS-HR) makes this estimate a lower limit. Astronomy and astrophysics 658, A1 (2022). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140649 Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis

The recent deliverable describes the development and the characteristics of the European Fluid Atlas (EFA) created in the frame of the REFLECT project by University of Miskolc. In the Atlas, formerly existing and newly measured data of geothermal fluids are visualised. Fluid data were collected from 21 European countries. The layers provide point feature information presented on a base map, including geography, geology, and depth range, as well as physical, chemical and microbial properties of fluids. Data of wells, rocks and reservoirs are also available. The focus is on fluids used for electricity generation (> 100 °C), but data from heat projects are also included. A free and open-source cross-platform is used for the visualisation, in which the geographic information system provides the environment to view, edit and analyse geospatial data. The interface includes query and filtering tools to explore the database with a map-based visualization. The query results can be downloaded as an excel worksheet. By selecting the entire dataset, the downloaded report contains all the data published on EFA.

This document corresponds to Deliverable D6.2 of the ongoing Horizon 2020 project REFLECT and is part of the Work Package 6. The deliverable “Stakeholder matrix” aims to define the approach for engaging stakeholders and involving them into the project in the most efficient way in order to achieve quality final results and successful implementation of the project final product. The document defines the main groups of the potential stakeholders and provides general guidelines on how to categorise them, how to establish the first contact and how to engage them.

This document defines and prioritises the key objectives of dissemination of REFLECT and details the steps to be taken during the project’s lifetime in order to achieve maximum impact and reach relevant audiences. It also sets the framework to facilitate communication among Consortium members, and between the Consortium and stakeholders or the general public.

Decades of photogrammetric records at Bezymianny, one of the most active volcanoes on Earth, allow unveiling morphological changes, eruption and intrusion dynamics, erosion, lava and tephra deposition processes. This data publication releases an almost 7-decade long record, retrieved from airborne, satellite, and UAV platforms. The Kamchatkan Institute of Volcanology and Seismology released archives of high-resolution aerial images acquired in 1967-2013. We complemented the aerial datasets with 2017 Pleiades tri-stereo satellite and UAV images. The images were processed using Erdas Imagine and Photomod software. Here we publish nine quality-controlled point clouds in LAS format referenced to the WGS84 (UTM zone 57N). By comparing the point clouds we were able to describe topographic changes and calculate volumetric differences, details of which were further analyzed in Shevchenko et al. (2020, https://doi.org/...). The ~5-decade-long photogrammetric record was achieved by 8 aerial and 1 satellite-UAV datasets. The 8 sets of near nadir aerial photographs acquired in 1967, 1968, 1976, 1977, 1982, 1994, 2006, and 2013 were taken with various photogrammetry cameras dedicated for topographic analysis, specifically the AFA 41-10 camera (1967, 1968, 1976, and 1977; focal length = 99.086 mm), the TAFA 10 camera (1982 and 1994; focal length = 99.120 mm), and the AFA TE-140 camera (2006 and 2013; focal length = 139.536 mm). These analog cameras have all an 18×18 cm frame size. The acquisition flight altitude above the mean surface of Bezymianny varied from 1,500-2,500 m above mean surface elevation, translating up to >5,000 m above sea level. For photogrammetric processing, we used 3-4 consecutive shots that provided a 60-70% forward overlap. The analog photo negatives were digitized by scanning with Epson Perfection V750 Pro scanner in a resolution of 2,400 pixels/inch (approx. pixel (px) size = 0.01 mm). The mean scale within a single photograph depends on the distance to the surface and corresponds on average to 1:10,000-1:20,000. Thus, each px in the scanned image represents about 10-20 cm resolution on the ground. The coordinates of 12 ground control points were derived from a Theo 010B theodolite dataset collected at geodetic benchmarks during a 1977 fieldwork. These benchmarks were established on the slopes of Bezymianny before the 1977 aerial survey and then captured with the AFA 41-10 aerial camera. The most recent was a satellite dataset acquired on 2017-09-09 by the PHR 1B sensor aboard the Pleiades satellite (AIRBUS Defence & Space) operated by the French space agency (CNES). The forward, nadir and backward camera configuration allows revisiting any point on earth and was tasked for the acquisition of Bezymianny to provide a 0.5 m resolution panchromatic imagery dataset. In order to improve the Pleiades data, we complemented them with UAV data collected on 2017-07-29 with DJI Mavic Pro during fieldwork at Bezymianny. This data publication includes a description of the data (in pdf format) and the nine processed and controlled three-dimensional point clouds (in LAS format). The point clouds can be easily interpolated and imported into most open and commercially available geographic information system (GIS) software. Further details on data and data handling are provided in Shevchenko et al. (2020).