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This dataset contains the field measurements collected and used in the scientific study “Optical properties and simple forcing efficiency of the organic aerosols and black carbon emitted by residential wood burning in rural Central Europe” by Andrea Cuesta-Mosquera et al.

Evolutionary biologists have recently solicited archaeologists to help document and understand the morphological evolution of animals in response to human activities and, more globally, to help reconstruct the history and significance of the anthropogenic impact on worldwide ecosystems. Artificial selection associated with domestication is the best-known example of a major anthropogenic morphological evolution preserved in the archaeological record. However, the impact of the domestication process and dispersal on the morphological evolution of animals has been far less explored. To fill this gap, we focused on 5,000 years of Neolithic transition in Western Europe – a major anthropogenic ecological disturbance involving landscape modification and the translocation of domestic mammals. Using geometric morphometrics on key phenotypic markers preserved in the archaeological record associated with isotopic studies, we explored how and according to which cultural drivers the Neolithic niche construction has influenced the morphological evolution of wild boars (Sus scrofa). The decoupling of size and shape components from bone morphological variation has facilitated the identification of several processes of phenotypic diversification of Sus scrofa in response to human behaviour during the Neolithic transition in Western Europe.

During the RU-Land_2021_Yakutia summer field campaign in August and September 2021 in the Verkhoyansk Mountain Range in Eastern Yakutia and in the Central Yakutian Lowland, multispectral drone-based images were acquired over 53 selected lakes to analyse the vegetation and shallow lake waters along shores and to record the current lake shorelines. The images were taken in the course of further investigations of the lakes during that summer expedition. Baisheva et al. (2022) gives an overview of the lakes studied and the corresponding hydrochemistry. In addition, we published datasets including water isotope data of the lake (Stieg et al. 2022) and vegetation surveys of the lakeshores (Stieg et al. 2022). The dataset with the corresponding processed lake images, the so-called orthomosaics, can be found here: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.956223. Here we provide the event list, which gives an overview of the relevant lake information. Due to the varying lake sizes, only sections of the shore were recorded for some lakes (see information on orthomosaic quality). Some orthomosaics contain several lakes because the lakes are small and are located close to each other. This is especially the case for the thermokarst lakes in the Central Yakutian lowland. Occasionally, there are multiple orthomosaics (indicated with _1 and _2) because either different sections of the shore have been recorded or they were acquired on different days. The lake sizes were calculated from the processed orthomosaics. For fragmented orthomosaics, additionally, Sentinel-2 satellite data was used to calculate the lake area provided in the metadata. All data were collected and processed by scientists from the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Germany, the University of Potsdam, Germany, Technische Universität Berlin (TUB), Germany and the North-Eastern Federal University of Yakutsk (NEFU), Russia.

Dataset and supplementary file for Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances differing in yield paper. The ANFS_data file includes individual level measurements of xylem safety and efficiency traits, leaf traits and growth among 7 provenances planted at two common garden sites in Germany and Slovakia. More details related to the methodology might be found in the published paper by Kurjak et al. 2024. The ANFS_supplementary file includes the test for differences in distance to tip between sites and provenances, based on the branch diameter-branch length scaling.

Conductivity-temperature-depth profiles were measured using a Seabird SBE 911plus CTD during RV HEINCKE cruise HE618. The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus), conductivity (SBE4) and oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer and an altimeter (PSA-916 Teledyne (Benthos)) were mounted to the CTD. Temperature, conductivity and oxygen sensors are calibrated by the manufacturer once a year before being mounted in January. They are used throughout the year and no post-cruise or in-situ calibration is applied. All other sensors are calibrated irregularly. Data were connected to the station book of the specific cruise as available in the DSHIP database. Processing of the data including removal of obvious outliers followed the procedures described in CTD Processing Logbook of RV HEINCKE (hdl:10013/epic.47427). The processing report for this dataset is linked below.

This dataset contains aggregated measurements from a fleet of multicopter UAS. The data was measured during the period 21 June 2022 through 27 June 2022 at Nafingalm, Austria with the SWUF-3D fleet. The data was collected in association to the TEAMx-PC22 field campaign. A maximum of three UAS were operated simultaneously. Processed level-2 data is provided. For level-2 data, time synchronization between individual UAS was done through interpolation, if multiple UAS are operated simultaneously. In this dataset vertical profiles (swuf3dvpro) between 10m and 120m above ground level and time series of UAS hovering for approx. 10 minutes at fixed positions (swuf3dhover) are provided with a temporal resolution of 1 Hz. The data are provided in NetCDF format with metadata and variable descriptions in the style of the SAMD Product standard: Jahnke-Bornemann, Annika. (2022, August 18). The SAMD Product Standard (Standardized Atmospheric Measurement Data) (Version 2.2). http://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.10416 Problems with the fixation of the acceleration sensors caused higher vibrations in this campaign. Wind data should be used only with caution for turbulence estimation, especially for uav31 and uav32.

Webis Clickbait Spoiling Corpus 2022 The Webis Clickbait Spoiling Corpus 2022 (Webis-Clickbait-22) contains 5,000 spoiled clickbait posts crawled from Facebook, Reddit, and Twitter. This corpus supports the task of clickbait spoiling, which deals with generating a short text that satisfies the curiosity induced by a clickbait post. This dataset contains the clickbait posts and manually cleaned versions of the linked documents, and extracted spoilers for each clickbait post. Additionally, the spoilers are categorized into three types: short phrase spoilers, longer passage spoilers, and multiple non-consecutive pieces of text. This dataset contains the clickbait posts and manually cleaned versions of the linked documents, and extracted spoilers for each clickbait post. Additionally, the spoilers are categorized into three types: short phrase spoilers, longer passage spoilers, and multiple non-consecutive pieces of text. The test set of this dataset was used for the SemEval-2023 clickbait spoiling task. You can re-execute and adopt the software submissions made through for this SemEval task, please see the instructions and overview of approaches in TIRA. Overview The dataset comes with predefined train/validation/test splits: training.jsonl: 3,200 posts for training validation.jsonl: 800 posts for validation test.jsonl: 1,000 posts for testing The test set was used for the SemEval-2023 clickbait spoiling task. This shared task was organized with TIRA.io and participants submitted Docker software during the task. Please see the instructions in TIRA to re-execute or modify the approaches.

High social status is the primary determinant of reproductive success among group-living male mammals. Primates living in multimale–multifemale groups show the greatest variation in the strength of this link, with marked variation in reproductive skew by male dominance among species, dependent on the degree of female fertile phase synchrony, and the number of competing males. Here, we present data on two groups of wild crested macaques (Macaca nigra), living in the Tangkoko Reserve, Sulawesi, Indonesia. We investigated male monopolization of fertile females in 31 cycles of 19 females, and genetic paternity of 14 offspring conceived during the study period. We show that female fertile phase synchrony was low, that females had few mating partners in their fertile phase, and that dominant males monopolized a high proportion of consortships and matings, resulting in marked and steep mating and reproductive skew. We conclude that female cycle asynchrony provides the opportunity for strong direct male–male competition in crested macaques, resulting in monopolization of females by dominant males, consistent with their marked sexual dimorphism. Our study provides a test of the underlying factors that determine the relative occurrence and strength of different mechanisms of sexual selection, and the phenotypes that evolve as a result.

Experimental calcification results from crustose coralline algae experiment involving multiple temperatures and pCO2 levels. Clathromorphum compactum and C. nereostratum were used for this experiment.