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Group-based control is an advanced traffic signal strategy capable of dynamically generating phase sequences at intersections. Combined with the phasing scheme, vehicle actuated timing is often ado ...

This article explores the nature and frequency of crimes and people's safety perceptions in rural areas using a systematic review of the literature. It explores four decades of English-language publications on crime and safety in rural areas from several major databases; mainly Scopus, JSTOR and ScienceDirect. The number of retrieved documents was 840, of which 410 were selected for in-depth analysis and their topics later categorized by theme. We found that rural crime research took off after the mid-1980s and experienced an increase during the 2010s. Despite the domination by North American, British and Australian scholarship, studies from other parts of the world (including the Global South) are increasingly being published as well. Publications on rural crime patterns (e.g., farm crime) compose over one-fifth of the reviewed literature. This together with rural policing/criminal justice and violence constitute the three largest themes in rural criminology research. With ever-increasing links between the local and the global, this review article advocates for tailored multilevel responses to rural crimes that, more than ever, are generated by processes far beyond their localities. QC 20220926

This paper discusses Digital Environmental Stewardship as an analytical framework that can help HCI scholarship to understand, design, and assess sociotechnical interventions concerned with sustainable waste management practices. Drawing on environmental studies, we outline key concepts of environmental stewardship - namely actors, capacity, and motivations - to unpack how different initiatives for handling waste are organised, both through grassroots and top-down interventions, and through varying sociotechnical configurations. We use these dimensions to analyse three different cases of waste management that illustrate how actions of care for the environment are ecologically organised, and what challenges might hinder them beyond -or besides- behavioural motivations. We conclude with a discussion on the orientation to action that the suggested framework provides, and its role in understanding, designing and assessing digital technologies in this domain. We argue that examining how stewardship actions fold into each other helps design sociotechnical interventions for managing waste from within a relational perspective. QC 20230508Part of proceedings: ISBN 978-145039157-3 project SFLAB

AbstractThis paper discusses the idea of ‘ecopoetry’ by outlining its development from drawing on Romantic and deep ecological traditions in the 1980s to reflecting complex environmental concerns in the 2010s. We identify a distinction between definitions that focus on poetry's ability to heighten individual readers' awareness of their physical surroundings on the one hand, and definitions that look for how poems can engage with difficult and complex environmental questions involving scale, justice, and politics on the other. We suggest that the difference between these two kinds of poems might be clarified by differentiating between ecophenomenological and environmental ecopoetry. We argue that recognition of this difference reflects a broader interdisciplinary development in our understanding of the environment as a social category, and that recognising it more readily and clearly could facilitate increased and improved cross-disciplinary discussions between ecocritical studies of poetry specifically, and environmental humanities more broadly. We carry out our analysis through the lens of the work of two influential poets in the Western, Anglophone world, namely Seamus Heaney and Ted Hughes. Heaney and Hughes's respective poetics exhibit distinctive differences that illustrate our argument. Their poems are frequently taught in university classes on ecopoetry, as well as, especially in their home countries, to younger students, and we argue that the differences we point to in their depictions of human-environment relations are important to recognise in these settings as part of a nuanced and interdisciplinary understanding of the relationship between poetry, ecology and environment.

In this article, we discuss the role played by graffiti in representing, fomenting and studying binary and non-binary sentiments of ‘us’ and ‘them’. Through asocio-textual analysis of examples of p...

AbstractThe current model for regional infrastructure and urban planning in the Stockholm Region emerged over the early post-war decades. It is a model that proved to be inadequate already early on. That the model does not work is partly due to the conditions for regional planning over the past half century being fundamentally altered in several important respects. There is a need to search for new alternatives for how to organize and fund the regional community planning and the vital infrastructure systems in Stockholm. A discussion of these issues needs to address both the level that is to apply for the organization, from the local level to the regional/central level, and how funding should be solved, with taxes or fees. Four different models for the future organization are discussed in the article. They are not mutually exclusive but demonstrate how different developmental pathways can be pragmatically combined in order to create a regional governance model that is suited for future challenges rather than for since long-gone social conditions.

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) has long been suggested as a guideline for improving safety in neighborhoods. Yet, little is known about the application of CPTED to urban parks. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adequacy of CPTED principles in guiding the inventory of safety conditions of an urban park. The study begins with a review of the development of CPTED ideas and then focuses on the inspection of a park with a relatively high level of crime in the city of Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. Site observations, parks inspection, crime mapping of police-recorded data, and interviews with selected users and municipal stakeholders underpin the methodology used in this study. Findings indicate that design and management of the park affect the park’s safety conditions—attributes that are easily identifiable when using CPTED as guidance. The article concludes with several general lessons from using CPTED principles to inventory safety in parks.

We consider the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) cognitive fading interference channel consisting of one primary and multiple secondary transmitter-receiver pairs. The secondary transmitters have non-causal knowledge of the primary message. We find a tuple of achievable rates by utilizing the discrete superposition model (DSM), which is a simplified, deterministic channel model. The coding scheme devised for the DSM can be translated into a coding scheme for the AWGN model, where the rate achieved in the AWGN model is at most a constant gap below the rate achieved in the DSM. We then calculate the average throughput of the secondary pairs under the assumption of Rayleigh fading channels. The main result is that our scheme performs well in the weak interference regime. The sum-throughput increases with the number of secondary pairs.