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Together with globalization of capitalism in the world, concepts like precarity, precarious employment have been widely discussed since the beginning of the 1980’s. Like in other countries, in Turkey too precarious work has become widespread. In both developed and devoloping capitalist countries, precarious work has become widespread absorbing different sections of working class and has turned into a norm in a short time. The precarious are forced to maintain a life by working anywhere in any type of work they can

Describes a method for gaining confidence in models of experiments in existing buildings.

International audience

Les effets de l’inclusion de fourrage (luzerne avec supplémentation en concentré, ALF, vs concentré, CONC) et de l’apport de lait (allaitement jusqu’à 13 kg, W, vs jusqu’à l’abattage, S) sur le contenu du tractus digestif d’agneaux légers (n=32, 23,0 kg) de race Rasa Aragonesa ont été analysés selon un dispositif factoriel 2 x 2. Immédiatement après l’abattage (sans période de jeûne), les contenus de chaque compartiment gastro-intestinal ont été séparés et le pH du réticulo-rumen et du caecum a été mesuré. L’âge à l’abattage et le poids de la carcasse n’ont pas été affectés (P>0,05) par les traitements (94 jours et 19,9 kg). Les agneaux soumis au régime CONC (1749 g) ont le même (P>0,05) contenu du réticulo-rumen qui a été plus important (P0,05) avec les différents traitements (188 g et 421 g). Le contenu du caecum n’a pas été affecté (P>0,05) par le régime (221 g) mais a été plus important (P<0,05) qu’avec ALF-W qu’avec ALF-S (408 vs 231 g). Le contenu du gros intestin est plus faible (P<0,001) avec CONC qu’avec ALF (118 vs 181 g). Le contenu du tractus digestif n’a pas été affecté avec CONC (2667 g) mais a été plus important (P<0,05) avec ALF-W qu’avec ALF-S (3581 vs 2378 g). Au contraise des agneaux sous-mères, les agneaux sevrés recevant des régimes à base de luzerne ont un taux de remplissage du tractus digestif plus élevé que celui des autres agneaux. Ils ont aussi un meilleur environnement digestif plus tamponé. The effects of forage inclusion (alfalfa-fed with concentrate supplementation, ALF, vs concentratefed, CONC) and milk supply (suckling until 13 kg, W, vs until slaughter, S) on the digestive tract contents of Rasa Aragonesa light lambs (n=32, target slaughter weight of 23.0 kg) were analysed in a 2 x 2 factorial design. Immediately after slaughter (without fasting period), the contents of each gastrointestinal compartment were separated and weighed and pH of reticule-rumen and caecum were measured. Age at slaughter and empty body-weight did not differ (P>0.05) among treatments (94 days and 19.9 kg). Reticule-rumen content was similar in CONC lambs (1749 g) but it was higher (P0.05) among treatments (188 g), nor did the small intestine content (421 g, P>0.05). The caecum content was similar in CONC (221 g) but it was greater (P<0.05) in ALFW than in ALF-S (408 vs 231 g). The large intestine content was lower (P<0.001) in CONC than in ALF (118 vs 181 g). Overall digestive tract content was similar in CONC (2667 g) but it was greater (P<0.05) in ALFW than in ALF-S (3581 vs 2378 g). Weaned but not suckling lambs raised on alfalfa filled more their digestive tracts than the rest, which also involved a more buffered digestive environment.

Book synopsis: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania have minorities from the Indian sub-continent amongst their population. The East African Indians mostly reside in the main cities, particularly Nairobi, Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, Mombasa, Kampala; they can also be found in smaller urban centres and in the remotest of rural townships. They play a leading social and economic role as they work in business, manufacturing and the service industry, and make up a large proportion of the liberal professions. They are divided into multiple socio-religious communities, but united in a mutual feeling of meta-cultural identity. International audience

[EN] The Earth ́s crust has been shaped as result of the chemical differentiation processes behind the phenomena of magmatism and formation of igneous rocks, and the transformation of rocks by metamorphism. Magmatism and metamorphism are key to understand how the lithosphere dynamics and Earth’s plate tectonics system work. New oceanic crust is formed by melting of the mantle at spreading ocean ridges. As this newly formed crust ages and gets transformed by metamorphism, it becomes denser, collapsing and sinking into the mantle forming a subduction zone. New continental crust is formed in the volcanic arcs above subduction zones by flux melting of the down-going plateand the overlying mantle, generating new magmas that form a felsic, buoyant, and thicker continental crust. Subduction zones are destructive plate margins where oceans are been consumed leading to the collision of continental crust and the formation of orogenic belts. As a group, we are interested in these igneous and metamorphic processes and their fundamental role in shaping the dynamics of Earth ́s lithosphere. We have an extensive experience mapping metamorphic and igneous complexes in the Iberian Massif and overseas (e.g. Caribbean orogen, Angolan craton); and bridging fieldwork with detailed petrological and geochemical studies and instrumental analytical work. Our group is formed by scientist that belonged to the former Geology and Geophysics and the Analytical Laboratories units of IGME. Our common interest is the use of petrological tools and analytical instrumentation to decipher the geological evolution and architecture of the Earth ́s crust studying the texture, mineral and chemical composition ofigneous and metamorphic rocks. Peer reviewed