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In this study, we present data related to optimizing Si-PVdF slurry mixing and electrode fabrication techniques to enhance the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Three critical experimental conditions are documented in Tables 1, 2, and 3, corresponding to different stages of the research. Table 1 records data from an initial unsuccessful attempt, while Table 2 captures data from a subsequent trial that did not yield successful results. Figure 1(a) clearly depicts an unsuccessful endeavor in the slurry mixing process of Si-PVdF, utilizing a volume of 0.9 ml of NMP. The image presented exhibits notable visual characteristics that illustrate the difficulties encountered in attaining a uniform slurry, as evidenced by noticeable irregularities and accumulation within the mixture [3]. The proposed visual representation emphasizes the crucial significance of accurate quantity control of NMP (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone) and sheds light on the challenges encountered during the electrode fabrication process in this research phase [4]. Fig. 1(b) depicts an additional instance of an unsuccessful endeavor in the slurry mixing process of Si-PVdF, wherein 1.0 ml of NMP was employed. The sharp and detailed image captures the persistence of issues observed in Fig. 1(a), emphasizing the importance of optimizing the NMP concentration. This striking visual evidence accentuates the necessity for fine-tuning the formulation to overcome challenges and attain a consistent slurry mixture. Table 3, on the other hand, represents the outcome of a successful experiment. Each table provides information on the materials used, including Silicon (Si), Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), Graphite (G), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), along with their respective weights and proportions. Figure 1(c) represents a significant achievement in the research, illustrating the successful fabrication of Si-PVdF slurry following a crucial aging procedure [5]. The visual representation conveys a perception of achievement through its consistent and seamless surface quality, effectively demonstrating enhanced bonding between the slurry material and the copper foil. Additionally, the tables include electrode and copper foil weight measurements and active Si weight percentage values. The data in these tables highlight the critical role of NMP quantity and aging time in achieving a homogenous slurry and successful electrode fabrication. Notably, the successful experiment in Table 3 is marked by improved adhesion of the slurry material to the copper foil, preventing delamination. This dataset provides valuable insights into the optimization process for Si-PVdF electrode fabrication in lithium-ion batteries. It can serve as a reference for future research in battery materials science [9].

Human-driven environmental changes can induce marked shifts in the functional structure of biological communities with possible repercussion on important ecosystem functions and services. At the same time it remains unclear to which extent these changes may differently affect various types of organisms. We investigated species richness and community functional structure of species assemblages at the landscape scale (1km2 plots) for two contrasting model taxa, i.e., plants (producers and sessile organisms) and birds (consumers and mobile organisms), along topography, climate, landscape heterogeneity, and land-use (agriculture and urbanization) gradients in a densely populated region of Switzerland. Our study revealed that agricultural and urban land uses drove marked shifts in the functional structure of biological communities compared to changes along climate and topography gradients, especially for plants, while for birds these changes were comparable. Agricultural and urban land uses enhanced divergence in traits related to resource use for birds (diet and nesting), growth forms, dispersal, and reproductive traits for plants, while it induced convergence in vegetative plant traits (plant height and leaf dry matter content). These results suggest that contrasting assembly patterns may arise within and across taxonomic groups along the same environmental gradients as result of distinct underlying processes and 'organism-specific' environmental perceptions. Our results further suggest a potential homogenization of biological communities, as well as low functional diversity and redundancy levels of bird assemblages in our human-dominated study region. This might potentially compromise the maintenance of key ecological processes under future environmental changes. SES for plant and bird functional traits based on 1000 randomizationsSES_Data.zip

Aim Temporal dynamics of biodiversity along tropical elevational gradients are unknown. We studied seasonal changes of Lepidoptera biodiversity along the only complete forest elevational gradient in the Afrotropics. We focused on shifts of species richness patterns, seasonal turnover of communities, and seasonal shifts of species’ elevational ranges, the latter often serving as an indicator of the global change effects on mountain ecosystems. Location Mount Cameroon, Cameroon. Taxon Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) Methods We quantitatively sampled nine groups of Lepidoptera by bait-trapping (16,800 trap-days) and light-catching (126 nights) at seven elevations evenly distributed along the elevational gradient from sea level (30 m asl) to timberline (2,200 m asl). Sampling was repeated in three seasons. Result Altogether, 42,936 specimens of 1,099 species were recorded. A mid-elevation peak of species richness was detected for all groups but Eupterotidae. This peak shifted seasonally for five groups, most of them ascending during the dry season. Seasonal shifts of species’ elevational ranges were mostly responsible for these diversity pattern shifts along elevation: we found general upward shifts in fruit-feeding butterflies, fruit-feeding moths and Lymantriinae from beginning to end of the dry season. Contrarily, Arctiinae shifted upwards during the wet season. The average seasonal shifts of elevational ranges often exceeded 100 metres and were even several times higher for numerous species. Main conclusion We report seasonal uphill and downhill shifts of several lepidopteran groups. The reported shifts can be driven by both delay in weather seasonality and shifts in resource availability, causing phenological delay of adult hatching and/or adult migrations. Such shifts may lead to misinterpretations of diversity patterns along elevation if seasonality is ignored. More importantly, considering the surprising extent of seasonal elevational shifts of species, we encourage taking account of such natural temporal dynamics while investigating the global climate change impact on communities of Lepidoptera in tropical mountains. The dataset was collected by two methodologies: 1/ bait-trapping and 2/ manual catching of target group at light. See Maicher et al. (2019) for details.

Despite the dramatic phenological responses of fungal fruiting to recent climate warming, it is unknown whether spatial distributions of fungi have changed and to what extent such changes are influenced by fungal traits, such as ectomycorrhizal (ECM) or saprotrophic lifestyles, spore characteristics, or fruit body size. Our overall aim was to understand how climate and fungal traits determine whether and how species-specific fungal fruit body abundances have shifted across latitudes over time, using the UK national database of fruiting records. The data employed were recorded over 45 years (1970 – 2014), and include 853,278 records of Agaricales, Boletales and Russulales, though we focus only on the most common species (with more than 3,000 records each). The georeferenced observations were analysed by a Bayesian inference as a Gaussian Additive Model with a specification following a joint species distribution model. We used an offset, random contributions and fixed effects to isolate different potential biases from the trait-specific interactions with latitude/climate and time. Our main aim was assessed by examination of the three-way-interaction of trait, predictor (latitude or climate) and time. The results show a strong trait-specific shift in latitudinal abundance through time, as ECM species have become more abundant relative to saprotrophic species in the north. Along precipitation gradients, phenology was important, in that species with shorter fruiting seasons have declined markedly in abundance in oceanic regions, whereas species with longer seasons have become relatively more common overall. These changes in fruit body distributions are correlated with temperature and rainfall, which act directly on both saprotrophic and ECM fungi, and also indirectly on ECM fungi, through altered photosynthate allocation from their hosts. If these distributional changes reflect fungal activity, there will be important consequences for the responses of forest ecosystems to changing climate, through effects on primary production and nutrient cycling. Gange et al EcographyInput raw data for all analyses. The file includes record information about taxonomy (species), location, traits and environmental data associated with each record.

The dataset The dataset is produced within the SafeLog project and it is used for benchmarking of multi-agent path planning algorithms. Specifically, the dataset consists of a set of 21 maps with increasing density and a set of 500 random assignments, each for a group of 100 agents for planning on each of the maps. All of the maps, in the form of a graph G = {V, E}, are built on the same set of 400 vertices V. The sets of edges Ej, where j ∈ (0; 20), in the maps then form a set ranging from a spanning tree to a mostly 4-connected graph. These maps were created by generating a complete square graph with the size of 20*20 vertices. The graph was then simplified to a spanning tree, and, finally, approximately 50 random edges from the complete graph were added 20 times, to create the set of 21 maps of density ranging from 800 to 1500 edges in the graph. Content and format The following files are included in the dataset test_nodes.txt - 400 nodes of a 20*20 square map in the form "id x y" testAssignment.txt - 50499 random pairs of nodes ids from test_nodes.txt test_edgesX.txt - pairs of adjacent nodes ids from test_nodes.txt forming edges - X = 0 - tree - X = 20 - full graph - created starting at a full graph and repeatedly erasing edges until a tree remains To illustrate the maps in the dataset, we provide three images (1008.png, 1190.png, and 1350.png) showing maps with 1008 (1190, 1350) edges. Citation If you use the dataset, please cite: [1] Hvězda, J., Rybecký, T., Kulich, M., and Přeučil, L. (2018). Context-Aware Route Planning for Automated Warehouses. Proceedings of 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). @inproceedings{Hvezda18itsc, author = {Hvězda, Jakub and Rybecký, Tomáš and Kulich, Miroslav and Přeučil, Libor}, title = {Context-Aware Route Planning for Automated Warehouses}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society}, address = {Maui}, year = {2018}, doi = {10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569712}, } [2] Hvězda, J., Kulich, M., and Přeučil, L. (2019). On Randomized Searching for Multi-robot Coordination. In: Gusikhin O., Madani K. (eds) Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. ICINCO 2018. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 613. Springer, Cham. @inbook{Hvezda19springer, author = {Hvězda, Jakub and Kulich, Miroslav and Přeučil, Libor}, title = {On Randomized Searching for Multi-robot Coordination}, booktitle = {Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham, CH}, year = {2019}, series = {Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering}, language = {English}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-31993-9_18}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-31993-9}, } [3] Hvězda, J., Kulich, M., and Přeučil, L. (2018). Improved Discrete RRT for Coordinated Multi-robot Planning. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics - (Volume 2). @inproceedings{Hvezda18icinco, author = {Hvězda, Jakub and Kulich, Miroslav and Přeučil, Libor}, title = {Improved Discrete RRT for Coordinated Multi-robot Planning}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics - (Volume 2)}, publisher = {SciTePress}, address = {Madeira, PT}, year = {2018}, language = {English}, url = {http://www.scitepress.org/PublicationsDetail.aspx?ID=ppwUqsGaX18=\&t=1}, doi = {10.5220/0006865901710179}, access = {full} } {"references": ["Hv\u011bzda, J., Rybeck\u00fd, T., Kulich, M., and P\u0159eu\u010dil, L. (2018). Context-Aware Route Planning for Automated Warehouses. Proceedings of 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). https://zenodo.org/record/3953608", "Hv\u011bzda, J., Kulich, M., and P\u0159eu\u010dil, L. (2019). On Randomized Searching for Multi-robot Coordination.\u00a0\u00a0In: Gusikhin O., Madani K. (eds) Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. ICINCO 2018. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 613. Springer, Cham. https://zenodo.org/record/3953587", "Hv\u011bzda, J., Kulich, M., and P\u0159eu\u010dil, L. (2018). Improved Discrete RRT for Coordinated Multi-robot Planning. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics - (Volume 2). https://zenodo.org/record/3953616"]}

A space-time extremely randomised trees model was used to estimate daily (between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.) PM2.5 concentrations with 1 km spatial resolution for a three-year period 2018–2020 over Europe. Satellite remote sensing, meteorological data, and land variables were used as the independent variables, PM2.5 ground-observations were used as the dependent variable while building the model. This work is co-financed under Grant Agreement Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) Telecom project 2018-EU-IA-0095 by the European Union.

The set consists of 5 files that constitute the main calculations of ammonia emissions over Europe for the years 2013-2020. The detailed description of variables follows: 1) PriorEmission.nc - Pall: tensor of the size 240 x 200 x 12 x 8 (lat x lon x months x years) with ammonia prior emissions used in the study [ng/m2/s] 2) PosteriorEmission.nc - Xall: tensor of the size 240 x 200 x 12 x 8 (lat x lon x months x years) with ammonia posterior emissions [ng/m2/s] 3) UncertaintyEmission.nc - Uall: tensor of the size 240 x 200 x 12 x 8 (lat x lon x months x years) with uncertainty of posterior emissions [ng/m2/s] 4) stations_vmodVSobs.mat - st_list: list of stations identifiers, 53 stations in total - st_coord: stations coordinates [lot,lat] - st_OBSdays: matrix of the size 53 x (366*8) with observations in daily resolution [ug/m3] - st_ind_obs: logical matrix of the size 53 x (366*8) with indicators when each station provides observation (1) and when not (0) - st_prior_vmod_days: matrix of the size 53 x (366*8) with calculated concentrations using model with prior emission [ug/m3]- st_post_vmod_days: matrix of the size 53 x (366*8) with calculated concentrations using model with posterior emission [ug/m3] - st_prior1_vmod_days: same as st_prior_vmod_days for EC6G4 prior - st_prior2_vmod_days: same as st_prior_vmod_days for EGG prior - st_prior3_vmod_days: same as st_prior_vmod_days for NE prior - st_prior4_vmod_days: same as st_prior_vmod_days for VD prior

Data sets of fish growth, population viability and climate across Europe.

Environmentally induced epigenetic variation has been recently recognized as a possible mechanism allowing plants to rapidly adapt to novel conditions. Despite increasing evidence on the topic, little is known on how epigenetic variation affects responses of natural populations to changing climate. We studied the effects of experimental demethylation (DNA methylation is an important mediator of heritable control of gene expression) on performance of a clonal grass, Festuca rubra, coming from localities with contrasting temperature and moisture regimes. We compared performance of demethylated and control plants from different populations under two contrasting climatic scenarios and explored whether the response to demethylation depended on genetic relatedness of the plants. Demethylation significantly affected plant performance. Its effects interacted with population of origin and partly with conditions of cultivation. The effects of demethylation also varied between distinct genotypes with more closely related genotypes showing more similar response to demethylation. For belowground biomass, demethylated plants showed signs of adaptation to drought that were not apparent in plants that were naturally methylated. The results suggest that DNA methylation may modify the response of this species to moisture. DNA methylation may thus affect the ability of clonal plants to adapt to novel climatic conditions. Whether this variation in DNA methylation may also occur under natural conditions, however, remains to be explored. Despite the significant interactions between population of origin and demethylation, our data do not provide clear evidence that DNA methylation enabled adaptation to different environments. In fact, we obtained stronger evidence of local adaptation in demethylated than in naturally-methylated plants. As changes in DNA methylation may be quite dynamic, it is thus possible that epigenetic variation can mask plant adaptations to conditions of their origin due to pre-cultivation of the plants under standardized conditions. This possibility should be considered in future experiments exploring plant adaptations. Epig-dryadData on plant performance in the experiment