• Embargo close
• English close

Supplemental information: Variety differentiation: Development of a powerful CRISPR DETECTR method for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Excel sheets show the raw fluorescence data and calculated sample/NTC and P/N ratios described in the manuscript.

The Sphakia Survey is an interdisciplinary archaeological project whose main objective is to reconstruct the sequence of human activity in a remote and rugged part of Crete (Greece), from the time that people arrived in the area, by ca 3000 BC, until the end of Ottoman rule in AD 1900. Our research covers three major epochs, Prehistoric, Graeco-Roman, and Byzantine-Venetian-Turkish, and has involved the work of many people using environmental, archaeological, documentary, and local information. The Sphakia Survey Online Edition is one of the Survey’s publications, making available datasets, videos, explanatory document and hundreds of photographs produced by the project.

Abstract The black-headed bunting is one of the few species that migrate along the Indo- European flyway, and its migration routes and phenology are poorly understood. We provide the first individual-based year-round tracking study describing route choice and timing of black-headed buntings migrating from a breeding site in Croatia to a 6000 km distant non-breeding region in Maharashtra, Central India. To evaluate landscapes important for the black-headed bunting migration, we quantified land covers and climates along the migration corridor. Stopover areas during the post-breeding migration were concentrated in four distinct regions: the Balkan Peninsula, central Anatolia, along with the Zagros Mountain range and from the Indus River delta to the Kathiawar Peninsula. Post-breeding migration routes followed the shortest path connecting breeding and non-breeding sites, except for the initial detour from the breeding sites to the first stopovers at the Balkan Peninsula. The pre-breeding migration routes occur along the Arabian Peninsula, about 1000 km south of the post-breeding routes – creating a clockwise loop migration pattern. Post-breeding migration lasted about two months, whereas pre-breeding migration was almost two times shorter, conforming to energy- and time-minimisation strategies, respectively. During the postbreeding migration, birds seem to track ecological niches found on their breeding grounds. Post-breeding stopover areas were rich in mosaic lands and were in warm and dry climates of Mediterranean character, while forests and bare areas, as well as arid and humid climates, were avoided.

An archive of the restricted London data used for Work Package 2 (Qualitative Analysis of Platform Labor) for the Horizon 2020 PLUS (Platform Labour in Urban Spaces) project

Paramyxoviruses have a broad host range and geographic distribution, including human pathogens transmitted by bats, such as Nipah and Hendra viruses. In this study, we combined high-throughput sequencing and molecular approaches to investigate the presence of paramyxoviruses in neotropical bats (Microchiroptera suborder) in Brazil. We discovered and characterized three novel paramyxoviruses in the kidney tissues of apparently healthy common vampire bats (D. rotundus) and Seba's short-tailed bats (C. perspicillata), which we tentatively named Kanhgág virus (KANV), Boe virus (BOEV), and Guató virus (GUATV). In this study, we classified these viruses as putative species into the Macrojêvirus genus, a newly proposed genus of the Orthoparamyxovirinae subfamily. Using RT-PCR, we detected these viruses in 20.9% (9 out of 43) of bats tested, and viral RNA was detected exclusively in kidney tissues. Attempts to isolate infectious virus were successful for KANV and GUATV. Our results expand the viral diversity, host range, and geographical distribution of the paramyxoviruses. This work was supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo , Brazil (Grant number. 13/14929-1 , and Scholarships No. 06/00572-0 , 15/05778-5 ; 17/13981-0 , 19/24251-9 and 18/09383-3 ) and by the CADDE/FAPESP Brazil-UK partnership grant ( MR/S0195/1 and FAPESP 18/14389-0 ) ( http://caddecentre.org/ ). NRF is supported by a Wellcome Trust and Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship ( 204311/Z/16/Z ). PRM is supported by the Medical Research Council of the United Kingdom ( MC_UU_12014/9 ). National Institutes of Health grant R24 AI120942 . University of Texas Medical Branch. World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses and Department of Microbiology and Immunology. Galveston, TX, USA / University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto Medical School. Virology Research Center. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. Oxford, UK / Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies. Department of Research in Virology and Biotechnology. Panama City, Panama. University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. Oxford, UK / Imperial College London. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology. London, UK. University of São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto Medical School. Virology Research Center. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil. University of São Paulo, São Paulo. Institute of Biomedical Sciences. São Paulo, SP, Brazil. São Paulo State University. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Araçatuba, SP, Brazil. University of São Paulo. Institute of Biomedical Sciences. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Norovirus (NoV) is responsible for outbreaks and sporadic cases of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. The virus consists of small round particles containing a single-stranded RNA genome that is divided into three Open Reading Frames. NoV evolves via mechanisms of antigenic drift and recombination, which lead to the emergence of new strains that are capable of causing global epidemics. Recombination usually occurs in the ORF1/ORF2 overlapping region and generates strains with different genotypes in the polymerase and capsid region. The primary objective of this study was to analyze recombination in positive-NoV samples. Specimens were collected during 2011, 2012 and 2014, from children under two years of age presenting gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. The partial polymerase (B region), capsid (D region) genes and the ORF1-ORF2 overlap regions were sequenced in each sample. The recombinant analyses were performed in the Simplot software v.3.5.1 and RDP4 Beta v. 4.6 program. These analyses showed that GII.Pg/GII.1, GII.P7/GII.6, and GII.P22/GII.5 were recombinant strains. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the GII.P22/GII.5 and GII.Pg/GII.1 strains were described in South America and the GII.P7/GII.6 was detected in Northern of Brazil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.

Polymer networks featuring dynamic bonds offer a promising solution to address key challenges in polymer materials, especially in terms of sustainability. The dynamic covalent chemistries enhance processability, enable recycling of the reversibly cross- linked thermosets and elastomers, and offer repairability. Over the last 10 years, the maturity of these networks has exponentially increased. However, they still haven’t made it into the mass consumer market. To stand a chance in the competitive polymer industry, dynamic polymer networks need to further exploit their advantageous properties and enhanced performance in combination with a focus on sustainability. This overarching objective has been divided in three stages, where the results of each stage were sequentially added to the next one. The first main focus is sustainability in all its aspects. Dynamic covalent polymer networks with self-healing properties were developed using the 12 principles of green chemistry as the designing driving force. The sustainability was tackled from a holistic point of view, taking into account the whole life cycle of the material (circular economy). The developed self-healing elastomers account for the sustainability of (1) the raw materials and (2) solvents, (3) the reusability, (4) the (re)processability, and (5) the end of life of the material. They are synthesized by a simple one-pot, solventless synthesis from commercially available reagents, they can be reprocessed and recycled, they autonomously heal at room temperature, and they can be hydrolytically degraded at the end of their service life. The objective of the second stage was to enhance the performance of dynamic covalent networks. Starting from the materials and the synthesis processes developed in the first stage, the trade-off between self-healing/reprocessability and creep resistance was minimized. Solving this trade-off has been a priority in the field, and it is currently the main performance challenge of dynamic polymer networks. This was achieved by combining a dissociative and an associative dynamic covalent chemistry in the same polymer network. This combination enables the fabrication of materials where the timescale at which they relax can be designed independently of its mechanical properties and tailored for the application and lifetime of the material. Finally, these materials were used in several applications where the dynamics bonds bring a performance advantage over traditional polymers. The materials were used in soft robotics, smart textiles, electronic skin, and 3D printing, proving its applicability in key technologies for the future without giving up on sustainability.