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Schedatura e metadatazione dei contenuti delle carte inerenti il corso del torrente Parma nel fondo archivistico Amministrazione Fabbriche, Acque e Strade dell'Archivio di Stato di Parma

This work presents a method for early detection of epileptic seizures from EEG data, taking into account information about both the temporal and the spatial evolution of the seizures. The system was designed using over 8 hours of EEG, including 10 seizures in 5 patients. Seizure detection was accomplished in three main stages: multiresolution overcomplete decomposition by the à-trous algorithm, feature extraction by computing power spectral density and sample entropy values of subbands and detection by using z-test and support vector machines (SVM). Results highlight large differences between the sub-band sample entropy values during ictal and normal EEG epochs, respectively, reveling a substantial increase of such parameter during the crisis. This enables high detection accuracy and specificity especially in beta and gamma bands (16-125 Hz). The detection performance of the proposed method was evaluated based on the ground truth provided by the expert neurophysiologist, and the results show that our technique is capable to obtain a high accuracy (above the 95% on average), with a high temporal resolution. This enables reaching very low detection latency and early detection of the seizures onset. Furthermore, spatial information, within the limits of the acquisition, on the evolution of the crisis is maintained since all the channels are separately processed.

We review the etiology and age incidence of precocious puberty in 438 girls examined between 1988-1998; 428 (97.7%) had central precocious puberty (CPP), the remaining 10 (2.3%) gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (GIPP) of ovarian origin. The majority of CPP girls (59.6%) were aged between 7-7.9 yr, 22.4% were 6 year olds, and only 18% were under 6 years old. Cranial CT and/or MRI performed in 304/428 girls, showed neurogenic abnormalities in 56/304 (18.4%) CPP girls; 30 (9.9%) were due to previously diagnosed intracranial abnormalities and the remaining 26 (8.5%) were detected at the diagnosis of CPP. The frequency of neurogenic CPP tended to be higher in girls under 4 years of age while the frequency of idiopathic CPP tended to be higher in girls aged between 7-7.9 years, but no statistically significant differences were found. Interestingly, some CNS anomalies either of tumoral or congenital origin were detected at presentation in 7% of the girls aged over 7 years. Other related or coincidental clinical anomalies, mainly due to genetic diseases, were observed in 22/304 (7.2%) patients. History of precocious maternal menarche was found in 12/304 (4%) girls. In conclusion, idiopathic CPP was observed in 74% of the girls in this study. Neurogenic anomalies or other coincidental or related clinical findings were observed in the remaining 26%. The increased frequency of idiopathic CPP in girls aged over 7 years may suggest an early, but otherwise normal onset of puberty in many of these girls as a consequence of the trend towards earlier maturation. Nonetheless, the finding of CNS anomalies also in the older patients, raises the question of whether these patients should undergo a complete diagnostic work-up.