Abstract Membrane vesicles prepared from Escherichia coli B/r grown on glutamate as a sole source of carbon and energy require sodium for glutamate accumulation when energized by D-lactate oxidation. Glutamate uptake can also be driven by a prearranged sodium gradient (...

Abstract Two amine N-methyltransferases isolated from rabbit liver catalyze S-adenosylmethionine-dependent N-methylation of benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl but not of 4-aminoazobenzene or 2-aminobiphenyl. The enzymatic reaction products were analyzed and found to be ident...

Base excision repair (BER) is a highly conserved DNA repair pathway throughout all kingdoms from bacteria to humans. Whereas several enzymes are required to complete the multistep repair process of damaged bases, apurinic-apyrimidic (AP) endonucleases play an essential ...

Time of day-dependent variations of immune system parameters are ubiquitous phenomena in immunology. The circadian clock has been attributed with coordinating these variations on multiple levels; however, their molecular basis is little understood. Here, we systematical...

Abstract A high rate of aerobic glycolysis was catalyzed by rat-1 cells transfected with a ras oncogene (ras cells); rat-1 cells and rat-1 cells transfected with myc oncogene (myc cells) showed a low rate of glycolysis that was increased after exposure of the cells to t...

The stringent response is defined as the physiological changes elicited by amino acid starvation. Many of these changes depend on the regulatory nucleotide ppGpp (guanosine tetraphosphate) synthesized by RelA (ppGpp synthetase I), the relA-encoded protein. The second re...

How, when, and from where Madagascar's vertebrates arrived on the island is poorly known, and a comprehensive explanation for the distribution of its organisms has yet to emerge. We begin to break that impasse by analyzing vertebrate arrival patterns implied by currentl...

Abstract An attempt has been made to put forward a unifying hypothesis explaining the role hormones play in the genesis of mammary cancers of different phenotypes and genotypes in mice, rats, and humans. Most mammary cancers in these species originate in luminal mammary...

Regulated polyadenylation is a broadly conserved mechanism that controls key events during oogenesis. Pivotal to that mechanism is GLD-2, a catalytic subunit of cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerase (PAP). Caenorhabditis elegans GLD-2 forms an active PAP with multiple RNA-bind...

Is plasticity in sensory and motor systems linked? Here, in the context of speech motor learning and perception, we test the idea sensory function is modified by motor learning and, in particular, that speech motor learning affects a speaker's auditory map. We assessed ...